International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
International Journal of Engineering and Science Invention (IJESI) inventionjournals
International Journal of Engineering and Science Invention (IJESI) is an international journal intended for professionals and researchers in all fields of computer science and electronics. IJESI publishes research articles and reviews within the whole field Engineering Science and Technology, new teaching methods, assessment, validation and the impact of new technologies and it will continue to provide information on the latest trends and developments in this ever-expanding subject. The publications of papers are selected through double peer reviewed to ensure originality, relevance, and readability. The articles published in our journal can be accessed online
Anaerobic Treatment of Textile Wastewater using EGSBIJSRD
In this study expanded granular sludge bed (EGSB) reactor has been used to investigate the removal efficiency of chemical oxygen demand (COD), and color of textile wastewater. Synthetic Textile wastewater was treated in an EGSB reactor seeded with non granular anaerobic sludge from UASB reactor treating sugar mill wastewater of Badagandi sugar mill at Badagandi village, Bagalkot district, Karnataka, India and active septic tank. The initial volatile suspended solid concentration was 20.40 g/L. The study was carried out at ambient temperature 29ºC to 37ºC in the laboratory scale reactors of 8.4 L effective volume. Reactor was fed with macro and micro nutrients. Successful reactor startup with granulation was achieved within 13 days of operation using Chitosan as polymer. During startup the hydraulic retention times (HRT) was kept constant for 12 hrs. A maximum COD removal efficiency of 89.95% was achieved at organic loading rate (OLR) of about 8 KgCOD/m3/d. And the maximum bio gas production was 20.4 l/d. During operation period synthetic textile wastewater was fed step by step with increasing concentration of 25%, 50% and 75% of influent COD (5000 mg/L) respectively. Loading was increased by reducing HRT to 6 hrs, 3 hrs, 1.5 hrs and 1 hr respectively. Results indicated that anaerobic treatment of textile wastewater was possible with the supplementation of an external carbon source in the form of glucose (600mg/L). The corresponding maximum COD and color removals were 78.4% and 69% respectively for HRT of 1.5 hrs and OLR of 80 Kg COD/m3/d at ambient temperature.
International Journal of Engineering and Science Invention (IJESI) inventionjournals
International Journal of Engineering and Science Invention (IJESI) is an international journal intended for professionals and researchers in all fields of computer science and electronics. IJESI publishes research articles and reviews within the whole field Engineering Science and Technology, new teaching methods, assessment, validation and the impact of new technologies and it will continue to provide information on the latest trends and developments in this ever-expanding subject. The publications of papers are selected through double peer reviewed to ensure originality, relevance, and readability. The articles published in our journal can be accessed online
Anaerobic Treatment of Textile Wastewater using EGSBIJSRD
In this study expanded granular sludge bed (EGSB) reactor has been used to investigate the removal efficiency of chemical oxygen demand (COD), and color of textile wastewater. Synthetic Textile wastewater was treated in an EGSB reactor seeded with non granular anaerobic sludge from UASB reactor treating sugar mill wastewater of Badagandi sugar mill at Badagandi village, Bagalkot district, Karnataka, India and active septic tank. The initial volatile suspended solid concentration was 20.40 g/L. The study was carried out at ambient temperature 29ºC to 37ºC in the laboratory scale reactors of 8.4 L effective volume. Reactor was fed with macro and micro nutrients. Successful reactor startup with granulation was achieved within 13 days of operation using Chitosan as polymer. During startup the hydraulic retention times (HRT) was kept constant for 12 hrs. A maximum COD removal efficiency of 89.95% was achieved at organic loading rate (OLR) of about 8 KgCOD/m3/d. And the maximum bio gas production was 20.4 l/d. During operation period synthetic textile wastewater was fed step by step with increasing concentration of 25%, 50% and 75% of influent COD (5000 mg/L) respectively. Loading was increased by reducing HRT to 6 hrs, 3 hrs, 1.5 hrs and 1 hr respectively. Results indicated that anaerobic treatment of textile wastewater was possible with the supplementation of an external carbon source in the form of glucose (600mg/L). The corresponding maximum COD and color removals were 78.4% and 69% respectively for HRT of 1.5 hrs and OLR of 80 Kg COD/m3/d at ambient temperature.
Anaerobic Digestion: Co-Digestion and Operational Issues LPE Learning Center
Proceedings available at: http://www.extension.org/67744
A study was conducted to assess the performance of various mixing regimes on methanogen biomass content in anaerobic digesters. Methane production in anaerobic digesters is directly related to the methanogens within the system. Current systems involve mixing to increase biogas production and system efficiency, however little is known about the underlying mechanisms of this relationship. In this study three pilot scale anaerobic digestion systems with three different mixing regimes were run with replication to examine the impacts to methanogen biomass content and biogas production. The results will provide insight for operational recommendations as well as the basic microbial processes with digestion systems which are critical for optimization.
At present our country is facing various problems, among that energy crisis has become more serious in next coming years. Both energy crisis and pollution problems could be controlled by adopting an alternative method of biogas production form waste products. Food waste is the best alternative for biogas production in a community level biogas plant. Hence in the present study, an attempt has been made to study the rate of biogas production in a lab scale biogas digester model for the efficient conversion of the food waste (starch –rich materials) generated from PRIST University Campus. The biogas production depends on the maximum biogas yield, the concentration of volatile solids of the input, the density of the effluent, the density of the biogas and the reaction rate constant, which are all substrate - or process - specific. The experiments were carried out for 40 days and the rate of gas production was measured by water displacement method. The pH value of the cow dung and food waste was initially measured and adjusted to nearer to neutral and gradually increased to acidic and again it got stabilised to the neutral pH which favoured the production of biogas. The percentage of total solids was 69.86, 93.56 and 25.67 for cow dung, food waste and digested slurry respectively. The percentage of volatile solids was 52.5, 86.3 and 18.9 for cow dung, food waste and digested slurry respectively. The percentage of volatile fatty acid was 285, 356 and 365 for cow dung, food waste and digested slurry respectively. Observations on daily basis were made on the constituent of biogas, pH, volume and rate of biogas production. The rate of biogas production continuously increased as days progressed and there was maximum yield in biogas after 20 days. Thus continuous feeding helps in daily biogas production and can be used at a small as well as larger scale to manage the organic waste and energy production for various applications.
GC-MS and FTIR analysis of bio-oil obtained from freshwater algae (spirogyra)...Agriculture Journal IJOEAR
Abstract— Algae are gaining broad consideration as a substitute renewable source of biomass for the manufacture of bioethanol, due to this reason categorized under the “third generation biofuels” .İn this work, GC-MS analysis and FTIR has been done of bio-oil obtained from fast pyrolysis of Freshwater Algae( Spirogyra ) in this paper we have shown a simple process of converting biomass of fresh water algae to bio-oil through pyrolysis and explained it with the help of graphs and tables. Pyrolysis is a thermal process for converting various biomasses , residues and wastes to produce high-energy-density fuels (bio-oil, biochar). The bio-oil was obtained in two step pyrolysis in which temperature of the system kept 25ºC and then increased up to 650ºC time by time. After pyrolysis these fractions were analyzed by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and FTIR which show different peaks and data of different compounds and functional groups present in this bio-oil
Utilization of pre aerated sludge in activated sludge processeSAT Journals
Abstract The research was carried out with Pre aerated Sludge in Activated Sludge Process to observe the effect of Pre-aerated Sludge on BOD, COD , Phosphate, Nitrate, MLVSS mainly in treatment of dairy wastewater. The experimental process involves the conventional Activated Sludge Process (ASP) in which microorganisms are kept in suspension by mixing and aerating the wastewater. The study is to be conducted by following two methods: 1) utilizing non pre-aerated sludge and 2) utilizing pre-aerated sludge. In the first method the dairy wastewater measuring five liters and 400 ml of non-pre-aerated sludge is filled in the aeration tank and was aerated in the aeration tank where air (or oxygen) was supplied for regular intervals of 30, 60, 90, 120 minutes respectively and samples are collected before aeration and at regular intervals. In the second method the dairy wastewater measuring five liters and 400 ml of pre aerated sludge (with 20, 40 and 60 minutes pre-aeration) are filled in aeration tank. This tank is aerated for regular intervals of 30, 60, 90, 120 minutes respectively. The samples are collected before aeration and at regular time intervals. The sludge is to be not recycled to the aeration tank. Testing of different parameters like BOD, COD, Phosphate, Nitrate and Mixed liquor volatile suspended solids was carried out on the samples aerated with different aeration time, with and without pre-aerated sludge and consequent results are to be found. By utilization of pre-aerated sludge, the concentrations of various parameters to be considered for study are to be found decreased when compared with the values of concentration without using pre-aerated sludge. It will be very clear that removal of various parameters from wastewater is effective up to the optimum period for pre-aeration beyond this period removal of various parameters from wastewater will not be effective. Keywords: Activated Sludge Process, BOD, COD, Phosphate, Nitrate, MLVSS.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
Anaerobic Digestion: Co-Digestion and Operational Issues LPE Learning Center
Proceedings available at: http://www.extension.org/67744
A study was conducted to assess the performance of various mixing regimes on methanogen biomass content in anaerobic digesters. Methane production in anaerobic digesters is directly related to the methanogens within the system. Current systems involve mixing to increase biogas production and system efficiency, however little is known about the underlying mechanisms of this relationship. In this study three pilot scale anaerobic digestion systems with three different mixing regimes were run with replication to examine the impacts to methanogen biomass content and biogas production. The results will provide insight for operational recommendations as well as the basic microbial processes with digestion systems which are critical for optimization.
At present our country is facing various problems, among that energy crisis has become more serious in next coming years. Both energy crisis and pollution problems could be controlled by adopting an alternative method of biogas production form waste products. Food waste is the best alternative for biogas production in a community level biogas plant. Hence in the present study, an attempt has been made to study the rate of biogas production in a lab scale biogas digester model for the efficient conversion of the food waste (starch –rich materials) generated from PRIST University Campus. The biogas production depends on the maximum biogas yield, the concentration of volatile solids of the input, the density of the effluent, the density of the biogas and the reaction rate constant, which are all substrate - or process - specific. The experiments were carried out for 40 days and the rate of gas production was measured by water displacement method. The pH value of the cow dung and food waste was initially measured and adjusted to nearer to neutral and gradually increased to acidic and again it got stabilised to the neutral pH which favoured the production of biogas. The percentage of total solids was 69.86, 93.56 and 25.67 for cow dung, food waste and digested slurry respectively. The percentage of volatile solids was 52.5, 86.3 and 18.9 for cow dung, food waste and digested slurry respectively. The percentage of volatile fatty acid was 285, 356 and 365 for cow dung, food waste and digested slurry respectively. Observations on daily basis were made on the constituent of biogas, pH, volume and rate of biogas production. The rate of biogas production continuously increased as days progressed and there was maximum yield in biogas after 20 days. Thus continuous feeding helps in daily biogas production and can be used at a small as well as larger scale to manage the organic waste and energy production for various applications.
GC-MS and FTIR analysis of bio-oil obtained from freshwater algae (spirogyra)...Agriculture Journal IJOEAR
Abstract— Algae are gaining broad consideration as a substitute renewable source of biomass for the manufacture of bioethanol, due to this reason categorized under the “third generation biofuels” .İn this work, GC-MS analysis and FTIR has been done of bio-oil obtained from fast pyrolysis of Freshwater Algae( Spirogyra ) in this paper we have shown a simple process of converting biomass of fresh water algae to bio-oil through pyrolysis and explained it with the help of graphs and tables. Pyrolysis is a thermal process for converting various biomasses , residues and wastes to produce high-energy-density fuels (bio-oil, biochar). The bio-oil was obtained in two step pyrolysis in which temperature of the system kept 25ºC and then increased up to 650ºC time by time. After pyrolysis these fractions were analyzed by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and FTIR which show different peaks and data of different compounds and functional groups present in this bio-oil
Utilization of pre aerated sludge in activated sludge processeSAT Journals
Abstract The research was carried out with Pre aerated Sludge in Activated Sludge Process to observe the effect of Pre-aerated Sludge on BOD, COD , Phosphate, Nitrate, MLVSS mainly in treatment of dairy wastewater. The experimental process involves the conventional Activated Sludge Process (ASP) in which microorganisms are kept in suspension by mixing and aerating the wastewater. The study is to be conducted by following two methods: 1) utilizing non pre-aerated sludge and 2) utilizing pre-aerated sludge. In the first method the dairy wastewater measuring five liters and 400 ml of non-pre-aerated sludge is filled in the aeration tank and was aerated in the aeration tank where air (or oxygen) was supplied for regular intervals of 30, 60, 90, 120 minutes respectively and samples are collected before aeration and at regular intervals. In the second method the dairy wastewater measuring five liters and 400 ml of pre aerated sludge (with 20, 40 and 60 minutes pre-aeration) are filled in aeration tank. This tank is aerated for regular intervals of 30, 60, 90, 120 minutes respectively. The samples are collected before aeration and at regular time intervals. The sludge is to be not recycled to the aeration tank. Testing of different parameters like BOD, COD, Phosphate, Nitrate and Mixed liquor volatile suspended solids was carried out on the samples aerated with different aeration time, with and without pre-aerated sludge and consequent results are to be found. By utilization of pre-aerated sludge, the concentrations of various parameters to be considered for study are to be found decreased when compared with the values of concentration without using pre-aerated sludge. It will be very clear that removal of various parameters from wastewater is effective up to the optimum period for pre-aeration beyond this period removal of various parameters from wastewater will not be effective. Keywords: Activated Sludge Process, BOD, COD, Phosphate, Nitrate, MLVSS.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
IJERA (International journal of Engineering Research and Applications) is International online, ... peer reviewed journal. For more detail or submit your article, please visit www.ijera.com
Usando SEO para alavancar visitas e negóciosFabio Ricotta
Que tal aprender SEO para alavancar a sua empresa? Nesta palestra você encontra todos os meios para conseguir entrar no mundo do marketing digital e aprimorar a sua empresa.
— Municipal Solid Waste (MSW), mainly Kitchen Waste
(K) with Cow Dung (C) and Fungi Culture (F) can be used to
generate energy which could save on the fossil fuels conventionally
used as source of energy. In this study, the possibility was
explored to mix Cow Dung with Fungi Culture for anaerobic
digestion, so that energy can be generated as biogas and at the
same time digested sludge can be used as fertilizer for agricultural
applications. Pre-treatment of Kitchen Waste was done by alkali
method. Anaerobic digestion (AD) was carried out in mesophilic
temperature range of 30°C to 37°C with different fermentation
slurries of 8 % total solids. Digestion was carried for a retention
period of 60 days. The gas produced was collected by the
downward displacement of water and was subsequently measured
and analyzed. The overall results showed that blending of Kitchen
waste with cow dung and fungi culture (Aspergillus flavus) had
significant improvement on the biogas yield.
The International Journal of Engineering & Science is aimed at providing a platform for researchers, engineers, scientists, or educators to publish their original research results, to exchange new ideas, to disseminate information in innovative designs, engineering experiences and technological skills. It is also the Journal's objective to promote engineering and technology education. All papers submitted to the Journal will be blind peer-reviewed. Only original articles will be published.
The papers for publication in The International Journal of Engineering& Science are selected through rigorous peer reviews to ensure originality, timeliness, relevance, and readability.
Optimization of key factors affecting biogas production from milk waste using...Lasbet Mohamed
The study was undertaken at Bechar University and focuses on production of biogas as an alternative energy by using milk waste of Igli milk factory. The optimization of the factors affected the anaerobic digestion using experimental design gave the following results: pH = 7.5, temperature (T= 38°C) and moisture content 90%. The application of these parameters conducted to an excellent production of the biogas. The experiments were carried out in two digesters and daily gas yield from milk waste was monitored for 70 days and the total volume of gas production was found to be 25.472 L. The measurement of
the percentages of the essentials nutriments needed for the
biomethanization gave the values of 48.28%, 2.857% (75.65 mg /kg P) and 5.56% for the total organic carbon, phosphorus and
nitrogen, respectively. The biogas formed is flammable, so very
rich in methane (62%).
Effect of Dissolved Oxygen on Microbial Population and Settling of Dairy Acti...IJERA Editor
The study was carried out to identify and study the settling characteristics of the dairy activated sludge. The causes and the control measure for the sludge bulking were studied. The activated sludge was generated by running a batch reactor of capacity of 10 liters for a θC of 10 days. It was operated until steady state conditions were reached. pH, DO, MLSS and COD were taken as the parameters. The settling studies were carried out for different MLSS concentrations ranging from 2g/L to 20g/L. The addition of Chlorine was selected as the control measure and was added for various doses such as 1 ml, 2 ml and 3 ml of Bleaching powder solution (1 ml of Bleaching powder solution contains 0.515 mg of Chlorine). Settling curves between interface height and time were observed before and after the addition of the Chlorine. From the settling curve the limiting solids flux were obtained. After the addition of Chlorine, there was a considerable increase in the settling velocity that improves the settling nature of the sludge. Area of Secondary settling tank was calculated from the modified solids flux method.
Electricity Generation from Biogas Produced in a Lab-Scale Anaerobic Digester...inventionjournals
The sludge produced during wastewater treatment should be stabilized in order to minimize the damage to the environment. This study includes the evaluation of sludge stabilization and biogas formation by anaerobic digestion in order to generate electricity using stirling motor.The study was carried out with the raw sludge form the thickener of the wastewatertreatment plant. The main aim of the study is to provide sludge stabilization resulting biogas production by reduction of organic matter and to generate electricity. Anaerobic digestion studies were carried out using a laboratory scale anaerobic reactor with a volume of 7L.Under themesophilic condition, the sludge age was maintained at 10 days during the first 20 days of operation, while the reactor was operated for 90 days until the end of the run, with a sludge age of 20 days.The results have changed in the range of 42-52% after the organic matter reduction obtained from the anaerobic digestion. Concentrations of 3735.7300 ppm, 5060.5768 ppm, and 6951.4013 ppm biogas were obtained. Biogas was turned on by mechanical energy with a Stirlingmotor and then turned to direct current and the lamps with 3V 20mA each were run for 60 minutes
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology
Transcript: Selling digital books in 2024: Insights from industry leaders - T...BookNet Canada
The publishing industry has been selling digital audiobooks and ebooks for over a decade and has found its groove. What’s changed? What has stayed the same? Where do we go from here? Join a group of leading sales peers from across the industry for a conversation about the lessons learned since the popularization of digital books, best practices, digital book supply chain management, and more.
Link to video recording: https://bnctechforum.ca/sessions/selling-digital-books-in-2024-insights-from-industry-leaders/
Presented by BookNet Canada on May 28, 2024, with support from the Department of Canadian Heritage.
GraphSummit Singapore | The Future of Agility: Supercharging Digital Transfor...Neo4j
Leonard Jayamohan, Partner & Generative AI Lead, Deloitte
This keynote will reveal how Deloitte leverages Neo4j’s graph power for groundbreaking digital twin solutions, achieving a staggering 100x performance boost. Discover the essential role knowledge graphs play in successful generative AI implementations. Plus, get an exclusive look at an innovative Neo4j + Generative AI solution Deloitte is developing in-house.
Unlocking Productivity: Leveraging the Potential of Copilot in Microsoft 365, a presentation by Christoforos Vlachos, Senior Solutions Manager – Modern Workplace, Uni Systems
Removing Uninteresting Bytes in Software FuzzingAftab Hussain
Imagine a world where software fuzzing, the process of mutating bytes in test seeds to uncover hidden and erroneous program behaviors, becomes faster and more effective. A lot depends on the initial seeds, which can significantly dictate the trajectory of a fuzzing campaign, particularly in terms of how long it takes to uncover interesting behaviour in your code. We introduce DIAR, a technique designed to speedup fuzzing campaigns by pinpointing and eliminating those uninteresting bytes in the seeds. Picture this: instead of wasting valuable resources on meaningless mutations in large, bloated seeds, DIAR removes the unnecessary bytes, streamlining the entire process.
In this work, we equipped AFL, a popular fuzzer, with DIAR and examined two critical Linux libraries -- Libxml's xmllint, a tool for parsing xml documents, and Binutil's readelf, an essential debugging and security analysis command-line tool used to display detailed information about ELF (Executable and Linkable Format). Our preliminary results show that AFL+DIAR does not only discover new paths more quickly but also achieves higher coverage overall. This work thus showcases how starting with lean and optimized seeds can lead to faster, more comprehensive fuzzing campaigns -- and DIAR helps you find such seeds.
- These are slides of the talk given at IEEE International Conference on Software Testing Verification and Validation Workshop, ICSTW 2022.
UiPath Test Automation using UiPath Test Suite series, part 4DianaGray10
Welcome to UiPath Test Automation using UiPath Test Suite series part 4. In this session, we will cover Test Manager overview along with SAP heatmap.
The UiPath Test Manager overview with SAP heatmap webinar offers a concise yet comprehensive exploration of the role of a Test Manager within SAP environments, coupled with the utilization of heatmaps for effective testing strategies.
Participants will gain insights into the responsibilities, challenges, and best practices associated with test management in SAP projects. Additionally, the webinar delves into the significance of heatmaps as a visual aid for identifying testing priorities, areas of risk, and resource allocation within SAP landscapes. Through this session, attendees can expect to enhance their understanding of test management principles while learning practical approaches to optimize testing processes in SAP environments using heatmap visualization techniques
What will you get from this session?
1. Insights into SAP testing best practices
2. Heatmap utilization for testing
3. Optimization of testing processes
4. Demo
Topics covered:
Execution from the test manager
Orchestrator execution result
Defect reporting
SAP heatmap example with demo
Speaker:
Deepak Rai, Automation Practice Lead, Boundaryless Group and UiPath MVP
Climate Impact of Software Testing at Nordic Testing DaysKari Kakkonen
My slides at Nordic Testing Days 6.6.2024
Climate impact / sustainability of software testing discussed on the talk. ICT and testing must carry their part of global responsibility to help with the climat warming. We can minimize the carbon footprint but we can also have a carbon handprint, a positive impact on the climate. Quality characteristics can be added with sustainability, and then measured continuously. Test environments can be used less, and in smaller scale and on demand. Test techniques can be used in optimizing or minimizing number of tests. Test automation can be used to speed up testing.
UiPath Test Automation using UiPath Test Suite series, part 5DianaGray10
Welcome to UiPath Test Automation using UiPath Test Suite series part 5. In this session, we will cover CI/CD with devops.
Topics covered:
CI/CD with in UiPath
End-to-end overview of CI/CD pipeline with Azure devops
Speaker:
Lyndsey Byblow, Test Suite Sales Engineer @ UiPath, Inc.
GraphSummit Singapore | The Art of the Possible with Graph - Q2 2024Neo4j
Neha Bajwa, Vice President of Product Marketing, Neo4j
Join us as we explore breakthrough innovations enabled by interconnected data and AI. Discover firsthand how organizations use relationships in data to uncover contextual insights and solve our most pressing challenges – from optimizing supply chains, detecting fraud, and improving customer experiences to accelerating drug discoveries.
Communications Mining Series - Zero to Hero - Session 1DianaGray10
This session provides introduction to UiPath Communication Mining, importance and platform overview. You will acquire a good understand of the phases in Communication Mining as we go over the platform with you. Topics covered:
• Communication Mining Overview
• Why is it important?
• How can it help today’s business and the benefits
• Phases in Communication Mining
• Demo on Platform overview
• Q/A
Securing your Kubernetes cluster_ a step-by-step guide to success !KatiaHIMEUR1
Today, after several years of existence, an extremely active community and an ultra-dynamic ecosystem, Kubernetes has established itself as the de facto standard in container orchestration. Thanks to a wide range of managed services, it has never been so easy to set up a ready-to-use Kubernetes cluster.
However, this ease of use means that the subject of security in Kubernetes is often left for later, or even neglected. This exposes companies to significant risks.
In this talk, I'll show you step-by-step how to secure your Kubernetes cluster for greater peace of mind and reliability.
Pushing the limits of ePRTC: 100ns holdover for 100 daysAdtran
At WSTS 2024, Alon Stern explored the topic of parametric holdover and explained how recent research findings can be implemented in real-world PNT networks to achieve 100 nanoseconds of accuracy for up to 100 days.
SAP Sapphire 2024 - ASUG301 building better apps with SAP Fiori.pdfPeter Spielvogel
Building better applications for business users with SAP Fiori.
• What is SAP Fiori and why it matters to you
• How a better user experience drives measurable business benefits
• How to get started with SAP Fiori today
• How SAP Fiori elements accelerates application development
• How SAP Build Code includes SAP Fiori tools and other generative artificial intelligence capabilities
• How SAP Fiori paves the way for using AI in SAP apps
GraphRAG is All You need? LLM & Knowledge GraphGuy Korland
Guy Korland, CEO and Co-founder of FalkorDB, will review two articles on the integration of language models with knowledge graphs.
1. Unifying Large Language Models and Knowledge Graphs: A Roadmap.
https://arxiv.org/abs/2306.08302
2. Microsoft Research's GraphRAG paper and a review paper on various uses of knowledge graphs:
https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/research/blog/graphrag-unlocking-llm-discovery-on-narrative-private-data/
1. S.Mohan, K.Jagadeesan / International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications
(IJERA) ISSN: 2248-9622 www.ijera.com
Vol. 3, Issue 4, Jul-Agu 2013, pp. 390-394
390 | P a g e
Production of Biogas by Using Food Waste
S.Mohan*, K.Jagadeesan*
*Department of Civil Engineering, Mahendra Engineering College, Tamilnadu-637 503
ABSTRACT
The current work focuses on the
generating bio-gas from food waste produced by
Mahendra Engineering College Canteen using
anaerobic digestion process. Attempts have been
made to optimize various parameters in order to
determine themost favorable recipe for
maximum biogas production from the digested
food waste. The biogas yields have been
determined using batch anaerobic thermophilic
digestion tests for a period of 90 days.
Characteristic oscillation was observed in the rate
of methane production, which may be due to the
presence of methylotroph population in the
activated sludge, which uses methane as a carbon
source for their growth. The total biogas
generated in the system over the experimental
period was the sum of methane and carbon
dioxide. Biogas produced from the decomposition
of food waste was a mixture of 76% methane and
24% carbon dioxide.
Keywords- Anaerobic Digestion, BOD, Biogas,
Food Waste,
I. INTRODUCTION
Biogas refers to a gas made from anaerobic
digestion of kitchen waste. Methane is a clean
energy one of the constituent of biogas which has a
great potential to be an alternative fuel. Abundant
biomass from various institutions could be a source
for Methane production where combination of waste
treatment and energy production would be an
advantage. In state of Tamil Nadu around of 2944
educational institutions are there, from those
institutions a large amount of waste is produced but
those waste are not utilized. Objective of this study
is to utilize the kitchen waste in a bio digester to
produce biogas which will be the alternative fuel for
their kitchen energy need. This work was carried out
to produce biogas in a Compact Water Plastic Tank
with a fixed type, using different kitchen waste from
the kitchen, hostel, and canteen in Mahendra
Engineering College.
1.1 PURPOSE OF WASTE WATER
TREATMENT
Manufacturing of food items, chemicals
ingredients and fat produces numerous by-products,
solid wastes, high amounts of wastewater containing
different loads of pollutants and emissions into the
air. The uncontrolled release of effluents to natural
water bodies increases health risks for human beings
and environmental pollution. Effluents from raw
hide processing food items, which produce rotten
smell, crust or finished items, contain compounds of
trivalent chemical compounds in most cases.
Organic and other ingredients are responsible for
high BOD (Biological Oxygen Demand) and COD
(Chemical Oxygen Demand) values and represent an
immense pollution load, causing technical problems,
sophisticated technologies and high costs in concern
with effluent treatment.
1.2. OBJECTIVES OF THE PRESENT STUDY
Anaerobic treatment is clearly suitable for
India’s tropical climate. The reduced cost brought
about by lower power consumption are generally
enough among all the waste treatment methods even
if any returns of gas utilization are neglected.
1.3. SCOPE OF PRESENT STUDY
Solid and liquid waste of food is collected from
kitchen and their characteristic has been
studied.
Before discharging waste water to water bodies
it has to be treated to reduce the Chemical
Oxygen Demand, Sulphate content.
As a result of this treatment Biogas liberated
can be used for domestic purpose.
The amount of land fill has also been
considerable reduced.
1.4. UPFLOW ANAEROBIC SLUDGE
BLANKET (UASB) REACTORS.
The UASB is a high rate suspended growth
in which a pre-treated raw influent is introduced into
the reactor from the bottom and distributed evenly.
“Flocs” of anaerobic bacteria will tend to settle
against moderate flow velocities. The effluent passes
upward through, and helps to suspend, a blanket of
anaerobic sludge. A particular matter is trapped as it
passes upward through the sludge blanket, where it
is retained and digested.
Digestion of the particular matter retained
in the sludge blanket and breakdown of soluble
organic materials generate gas and relatively small
amounts of new sludge. The rising gas bubbles help
to mix the substrate with the anaerobic biomass.
The biogas, the liquid fraction and the
sludge are separated in the gas/solid/liquids phase
separator, consisting of the gas collector dome and a
separate quiescent settling zone. The settling zone is
relatively free of mixing effect of the gas, allowing
the solid particles to fall back into the reactor; the
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391 | P a g e
clarified effluent is collected in gutters at the top of
the reactor and removed. The biogas has methane
content typically around 75% and may be collected
and used as a fuel or flared.
II. MATERIALS AND METHODS
2.1. SOURCES AND GENERATION OF FOOD
WASTE
Food waste which is collected from
Mahendra Engineering College canteen situated in
Namakkal includes vegetables, fruits and other
items. The treatment process of food waste products
gives hazardous waste. The usage of chemicals are
one of the main reason for this.The manufacturing of
food items is a process that must be accomplished by
adhering to strict controls of both the local and
Federal food regulatory agencies. The items of food
that are manufactured are as varied as the people
they serve. Common staples, exotic delicacies, snack
foods and ethnic specialties are all food items that go
through a controlled and precise manufacturing
process with safety always at the forefront.
2.2. SAMPLE COLLECTION.
Samples for treatment of food waste, both
solid and liquid were collected from Mahendra
Engineering College canteen.
About 15 kg of waste items collected are
categorized as vegetables, fruits, rice, other food
items and waste water which mixing together, forms
semi solid state.
Fig-1 Food Waste Produced From College
Canteen
2.3. MATERIALS
The semi solid waste used in this study is
collected from college canteen. The fresh Cow
Dung Slurry was added to the above food waste to
supplement the reaction process. It is used as a
seeding material for the reaction process in the
UASB (Up flow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket
Reactor). Effective micro organism collected from
private company was used to accelerate the reaction
process. Also yeast is added for fermentation process
to take place.
2.4 EXPERIMENTAL PROCEDURE
Experimental studies were carried out in
batch reactors of 1000ml capacity and made up
compact water plastic material. The effective
volume of the reactors was maintained at 500ml .the
reactor was provide with suitable arrangements for
feeding, gas collection, draining residues.
Experiments were carried out in the ambient
temperature. Each reactor was added with 100ml
sludge and diluted to 500ml of working volume. The
characters of samples are show in Table -1
2.3. EXPERIMENTAL METHODS
pH was measure using digital pH meter ,alkalinity,
acidity were estimated according to the procedure
recommended, standard methods of examination
water and (APHA-AWWA1992) appropriate.
III. RESULT AND DISCUSSION
Fig-1 Shows setup of anaerobic reactor (UASB
reactor)
Fig-2 Diagram of UASB Reactor
Fig-3 UASB Reactor before Production of Biogas
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Fig-4 UASB Reactor after Production of Biogas
Table-1 chemical characteristics of sample
Table-2 chemical characteristics of food waste
water sample after 90days
Table-3 Indicates efficiency of the USAB Reactor
for the digestion of food waste
Table-3 Operational parameter and treatment
efficiency of USAB Reactors.
However Fig-5 demonstrates the pH of the waste is
gradually reduced with increasing days. The similar
trends as shown Fig-6-7 for the alkalinity and
acidity. The COD, BOD, Chloride and Sulphate are
decreased with Fig 8-11 increasing time
Change in pH
6.4
6.6
6.8
7
7.2
7.4
7.6
7.8
8
8.2
8.4
0-10 10.20 20-30 30-40 40-50 50-60 60-70 70-80 80-90
Days
pH
Change in pH
Fig- 5 pH of effluent changes with time
S.No Parameters Results
1 PH
8.2
2 T. Alkalinity mg/l 510.00
3 T. Acidity mg/l 628.00
4 COD mg/l 24000.00
5 BOD5 mg/l 8120.00
6 Chloride mg/l 849.00
7 Sulphate mg/l 3209.00
Days pH Total
alkali
nity
Tota
l
acidi
ty
CO
D
BO
D
Chlo
ride
Sulp
hate
0-10 8.2 510 628 2400
0
8120 849 3209
10-20 8.2 506 620 2390
7
7909 848 3119
20-30 7.9 489 607 2260
5
7011 789 3013
30-40 7.9 406 583 2067
1
6772 711 2994
40-50 7.8 368 501 1728
9
6126 683 2789
50-60 7.5 343 452 1477
7
5424 633 2538
60-70 7.5 321 395 1050
9
4920 597 2219
70-80 7.3 297 359 7113 4225 560 1910
80-90 7.1 235 315 4210 3401 425 1604
S.No Parameters Results
1 PH
7.1
2 T. Alkalinity mg/l 235.00
3 T. Acidity mg/l 315.00
4 COD mg/l 4210.00
5 BOD5 mg/l 3401.00
6 Chloride mg/l 425.00
7 Sulphate mg/l 1604.00
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Vol. 3, Issue 4, Jul-Agu 2013, pp. 390-394
393 | P a g e
Change in Alkainity
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
0-10 10.20 20-30 30-40 40-50 50-60 60-70 70-80 80-90
Days
Alkainity
Total alkalinity
Fig-6 Total alkainity of effluent changes with time
Change in Total acidity
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
0-10 20-Oct 20-30 30-40 40-50 50-60 60-70 70-80 80-90
Days
Totalacidity
Total acidity
Fig- 7 Acidity of effluent changes with time
Change in Chemical Oxygen Demand
0
5000
10000
15000
20000
25000
30000
0-10 10.20 20-30 30-40 40-50 50-60 60-70 70-80 80-90
Days
ChemicalOxygenDemand
COD
Fig-8 Chemical Oxygen Demand of effluent changes
with time
Change in Biological Oxygen Demand
0
5000
10000
15000
20000
25000
30000
0-10 10.20 20-30 30-40 40-50 50-60 60-70 70-80 80-90
Days
BiologicalOxygenDemand
Fig- 9 Biological Oxygen Demand of effluent
changes with time
Change in Chloride
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
900
0-10 10.20 20-30 30-40 40-50 50-60 60-70 70-80 80-90
Days
Chloride Chloride
Fig- 10 Chloride of effluent changes with time
Change in Sulphate
0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
3000
3500
0-10 10.20 20-30 30-40 40-50 50-60 60-70 70-80 80-90
Days
Sulphate
Sulphate
Fig- 11 Sulphate of effluent changes with time
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394 | P a g e
IV. CONCLUSION
After the thorough study on the
performance of UASB reactor and evolution of
acidogenic reactor, the following collusion have
been reached,
As a result of the treatment of food effluent
using UASB reactor, the useful bi product, bio-gas
has been produced with a considerable rate of
decrease in the values of COD, BOD, pH, acidity
and alkalinity.
Through the successful anaerobic
processing inside the UASB reactor in 90days food
waste treatment, methanogen gradually converts the
organic acids into the methane gas and carbon
dioxide, which indicates that the waste has better
anaerobic biodegradability. Thus achieves a waste of
resource utilization.
The results show that UASB reactor can
treat food waste with high contaminated load.
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