Projection is the transformation of a 3D object into a 2D plane by mapping points from the 3D object to the projection plane. There are two main types of projection: perspective projection and parallel projection. Perspective projection uses lines that converge to a single point, while parallel projection uses parallel lines. Perspective projection includes one-point, two-point, and three-point perspectives. Parallel projection includes orthographic projection, which projects lines perpendicular to the plane, and oblique projection, where lines are parallel but not perpendicular to the plane.

1. PROJECTION
B.Sc.IT
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2. WHAT IS PROJECTION?
• Projection can be defined as a mapping of
point P(x,y,z) into its image P’(x’,y’,z’) in the
projection plane which constitute the display
surface.
• In short it is the transformation of a three-
dimensional (3D) object into a two-
dimensional (2D) plane.

3. Classification of Projection

4. Perspective projection
• In this ,object position are transformed to the
view plane along lines that converge to a point
called center of projection.
• In this ,lines are not parallel to each other.

5. Types of Perspective Projection
• THERE ARE 3 TYPES OF PERSPECTIVE
PROJECTION:
1.ONE-POINT PERSPECTIVE PROJECTION

6. 2.TWO-POINT PERSPECTIVE PROJECTION
3.THREE-POINT PERSPECTIVE PROJECTION

7. PARALLEL PROJECTION
• In this,coordinate positions are transformed to
the view plane along parallel lines.
• Projection lines are parallel to each other.
• Projection lines are extended from the object
and intersect the view plane.

8. Types of Parallel Projection
There are two types of parallel projection:
1. ORTHOGRAPHIC:
 Projection lines are parallel to each other & also
perpendicular to the plane.
 It used to create different views of given object.
 There are 3 views:
i. Front view
ii. Side view
iii. Top view

9. 2.OBLIQUE:
Projection lines are parallel to each other but
not perpendicular to view plane.
In this there are 2 types:
i. CAVALIER:-In this,projection lines makes angle
of 30degree with the view plane & there is no
change in the length of projection.
ii. CABINET:-In this,projection lines makes angle
of 45degree with the view plane & length of
projected line vil reduce.

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