Foundation of Library and Information Society, Foundation of Library & Information science

1. Foundation of Library and
Information Society
By
Ms. Pritee Sharma
Assistant Professor (A.C).
Uttrakhand Open University
Haldwani
December 11, 2020 1

2. Introduction
The word ‘Library’ came from Librariam which is turned from
Liber (Latin word) means ‘Book’.
And the French word ‘Libra’ which means book or shop of the
publisher.
“ Books are the social mechanism for preserving the racial
memory and the library one social apparatus for transferring
this to the consciousness of living individuals”.
“According to pierce Butler”
The word ‘Library’ was used for the first time in the Oxford
English dictionary in the year 1374.
And, The term Bibliothek-Wissenschaft (Library Science) was
used for the first time in the title of a German textbook
“Schrettinger 1829” 2
July 20, 2023

3. The word “Library” is known from the
different name in different languages as
In Spanish its called ‘Bibliotheca’.
In German its known as ‘Biblotheck’.
In Italian its known as ‘Biblioteca’.
In French its called ‘Bibliotheque’.
And in Russian its known as ‘Bibliotek’.
3
July 20, 2023

4. What is “Library and Information
Science”
It indicates a combination of two fields;
1. Library Science
2. Information Science
The joint term is associated with schools of library and
information science (SLIS). The first use of this
combined term was in the School of Library Science
at the University of Pittsburgh, which added
information science to its name in 1964.
4
July 20, 2023

5. Definitions
“A building or room containing collections of books periodicals and
sometimes films and recorded music for using or borrowing by the public or
the members of an Institution”
According to “Oxford Dictionary”
“A Library is a public Institutions or establishment charged with the care of
collection of books and the duty of making them accessible to those who
require to use them”
According to “Dr. S. R. Ranganthan”
“ A place in which literary, musical artistic or reference materials (as books,
manuscripts, recordings or films) are kept for use but not for sale.”
According to “Merriam-Webster’s Dictionary”
.
5
July 20, 2023

6. Need and importance of Libraries
To collect, store, and preserve the knowledge for the
next generation.
To inculcate the reading habits.
For research developments.
It promotes the self- study.
To develops intellectual thinking.
It promotes lifelong learning.
It saves time and money.
It promotes qualitative learning.
6
July 20, 2023

7. Phases of Libraries
7
December 11, 2020
Oral and
verbal
Learning
Handwrit
ten
materials
Print form
study
material
(after the
inventions of
the Printing
press)
Electronic
materials
Digital
Library
Virtual
Library

8. Journey of Library
Libraries in
Ancient
India
Libraries in
Medival
India
Libraries in
Modern
India
8
July 20, 2023

9. Libraries of Ancient India
In the Vedic age, instructions and knowledge were imparted orally, without
the medium of books, here we can say that the person who had an expert in
a particular field had distributed knowledge through verbally/ verbal
communication like a moving library, and the person who gains the
knowledge can be said they are the users.
In the archaeological excavations at Taxila though it, was a
famous seat of learning from 700 B.C. to 300 A.D. With the advent of
Buddhism, teaching came to be practiced through the written word and this,
in turn, gave rise to libraries. Fa-Hien noticed such libraries at the Jetavana
monastery at Sravasti (U.P). The Nalanda University in Bihar (300-850
A.D.) had a huge library complex known as “Dharmaganj”. It has 3 wide
buildings 1. Ratansagar 2. Ratnodhi 3. Ratanranjak. This library was
destroyed by Muslim Iconoclast Bakhtiyar Khilji in the year 1205. There
were the other seats of learning which had good collections of manuscripts
in the libraries attached to them as; Jagaddal, Kanhery, Mithila, Odantapuri,
Somapuri, Ujjain, Vallabh, and Vikramsilla . Etc.
9
July 20, 2023

10. Libraries in Medival India
In medial India is known for book lover of Mugal
emperors, as Akbar, Babar, Humayun, Firoj Shah
Tuglak, Allaudin Khilji (who founded the Imperial
Library at present known as National Library of
India) most of the emperors had their personal
library, and also established many Madarsa and
libraries. Amir khusro is also a book lover and
appointed as the librarian by Jalaludeen Khilji for his
Royal Library, He also desiganted him by “Mahfile
Kuraan”. The Mughal Emperor Humayun died after a
sudden fall from the stairs of his library in his fort at
Delhi in 1556 AD.
10
July 20, 2023

11. Libraries in Modern India
College libraries are the pioneer of a modern university library. Warren
Hastings, Governor-General (1774-85), founded a Madrasa at Calcutta in
1781. Jonathan In the year 1792, Duncan emphasized the need for the
Library for the collection and preservation of our ancient valuable Learning
and traditions. And at the year of 1811 Lord Minto, Governor-General was
also mentioned in his minutes (notes or record of meeting) that Library is
attached to each of the Colleges under the charge of a learned native with a
small establishment of servants for the care of manuscripts. Perhaps, this is
the first statement regarding libraries in the academic set-up in India.
Afterword Lord Auckland, Governor-General of India (1836-40), further
outlined the library policy in his minutes of the 24 November 1839. It
makes the greatest use of the college libraries which are now attached to
many of our institutions. Thus we can say that the collection of libraries has
started growing in modern India and in the year of 1882 some of them
having good collections.
11
July 20, 2023

12. The oldest libraries of the world
12
December, 11 2020
The Library of Ashurbanipal:-This is the world’s
oldest known library found in the 7th century B.C.
for the “ Royal contemplation of the Assyrian ruler
Ashurbanipal” located in Nineveh now in Iraq. It
has a trove of some 30,000 Cuneiform tablets
organized according to the subject matter.

13. The first library of India
National Library of India founded by Allaudin Khilji
situated in Belvedere Estate Kolkata, West Bengal, It
is Established in 1836 (as Calcutta Public Library) 30
January 1903 (as Imperial Library) 1 February 1953
(as National Library of India).
13
July 20, 2023

14. First State central library of India
The State Central Library, Kerla is one of the
oldest Libraries in India. It was established in
the year 1829 A.D the Library was then known
as “Trivandrum People’s Library”.
14
July 20, 2023

15. Thank you
15
July 20, 2023