1. Atomic absorption spectroscopy is an analytical technique used to determine the concentration of elemental impurities in samples. It works by measuring the amount of light absorbed by atomic vapor of an element at a specific wavelength. 2. There are different components used for atomic absorption spectroscopy including a flame, graphite furnace, or hydride system for atomization. Sample preparation and instrument optimization are also important steps. 3. Common elements that can be analyzed include sodium, lithium, and potassium using a flame atomization system. Graphite furnace spectroscopy and hydride generation are also introduced for improved sensitivity. Background correction methods are discussed to improve accuracy.

1. Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy
An Overview
Central Laboratory
Faculty of Postgraduate Studies for Advanced Science
Beni-Suef University
Chemist/ Ahmed Hashem
Director of Lab
Assoc. Prof. Ali Selim

2. By/Ahmed Abdelmohsen
Bachelor of Science (Chemistry) - Excellent with first class honor
The prize of the best presenter & best graduation project in faculty of science – Scientific conference
Pre-Master in Materials Science and Nanotechnology - Grade Excellent (Top GPA = A-)
Pre-Master Physical Chemistry
Erasmus Mundus Scholarship – FAME program 2015/2017
Chemist at Central Laboratory, PSAS ,Beni-Suef University

3. An Introduction
What is Spectroscopy ??
Interaction of Radiation and Matter

4. Spectroscopic Analytical Methods are based on….
Measuring amount of radiation…….
1- Produced by molecular or atomic species
2- Absorbed by molecular or atomic species

5. Spectroscopic methods are classified according to region of
the electromagnetic spectrum

6. 1- General Principles
Introduction for flame, graphite furnace spectroscopy and hydride
system.
Interferences (Determination and elimination).
How to decide best way for analysis.
Data analysis, and complete analysis for selected elements
2- Sample Preparation
3- Optimization of Instrument
4- Background Correction
Training

8. 1- General Principles

9. Na, Li, K

10. 1- Atomization Chamber
Nebulizer

11. Nebulizer and Flame

12. http://www.chem.agilent.com/en-US/products-services/Parts-Supplies/Spectroscopy/Atomic-
Absorption/Mark-7-Spray-Chamber-Supplies/Pages/explodedview.aspx

13. Glass Bead

14. 2- Hollow-cathode lamp
HCL usually consists of a glass tube containing a cathode, an anode, and a buffer gas
(usually a noble gas). A large voltage across the anode and cathode will cause the
buffer gas to ionize, creating a plasma. The buffer gas ions will then be accelerated
into the cathode, sputtering off atoms from the cathode. Both the buffer gas and the
sputtered cathode atoms will in turn be excited by collisions with other
atoms/particles in the plasma. As these excited atoms decay to lower states, they will
emit photons, which can then be detected and a spectrum can be determined. Either
the spectrum from the buffer gas or the sputtered cathode material itself, or both,
may be of interest.

15. Cathode
Anode

18. The anode of the hollow cathode lamp is made of zirconium.
During processing, we subject the anode to ion bombardment
that vaporizes a small amount of zirconium and deposits it on
the lamp envelope near the anode. This film of zirconium is
highly reactive and acts as a very efficient scavenger of traces
of oxygen and other molecular gases that might otherwise
reduce the lifetime of the lamp. It is called a "getter". Look for
the dark smudge behind the anode. It is there to help prolong
the useful life of the lamp.

19. Flame ( Burner AAS)

20. Air/Acetylene
Air/Acetylene &
Nitrous/Acetylene

21. Flame Temperature

22. Sample Preparation
Digestion of Different types of Samples:
Please Visit this link for more information:
http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0103-50532003000200004

23. 50 mL of Sample
5 mL Nitric Acid
Acid Digestion
To extract all cations from suspended matters and particulates
+

24. Accuracy in measuring samples

25. Nitric Acid
5 mL
Sample
50 mL
Magnetic Stirring
Heating for 1 hours at 100 degree
Celsius

26. Deionized Water

27. Graphite Furnace
Spectroscopy

28. Graphite Tubes

31. Hydride Unit
Separating the analyte from the matrix can improve the sensitivity of the atomic
absorption technique and avoids physical, matrix and spectral interferences.

32. Metalloid Oxyanions

34. Hydride generation (HG) is a very effective analytical technique developed to
separate hydride forming metals, such as Se and As, from a range of matrices and
varying acid concentrations. The heated quartz tube atomizer is particularly useful
for the determination of arsenic and selenium because the absorption wavelengths
for these elements are below 200 nm in an area subject to intense interference
from flame radicals that can significantly affect detection limits. Mercury can be
easily reduced in solution to generate elemental mercury, otherwise known as cold
vapor (CV). This technique is also effective at separating mercury from a range of
matrices. These analytical techniques can improve detection limits by a factor of
approximately 3000 times that of flame detection limits and typically have less
interference than graphite furnace techniques.

35. Advanced Approaches

36. Background Correction In AAS, GFAAS

40. AAS Team - BSU
Nashaat Ahmed Ahmed Hashem

41. Ahmed Hashem Baioumy Abdelmohsen
Master Candidate at Material Science and Nanotechnology
Department
Faculty of Postgraduate Studies for Advanced Science
Beni-Seuf University
AHBaioumy@gmail.com
AHBaioumy@outlook.com
Ahmed.H.Baioumy@gmail.com
https://www.facebook.com/Ahmed.BaioumyAlfazary