good for students

3. Personal Computers
Note Book Computers
Main Frame Computers
Work Station Computers
Hand Held Computers
Client Server Computers
Super Computers

4.  Personal Purpose Computer
 The “Programma 101” was the first
commercial “Desktop Computer”
produced by the Italian company
“Olivetti” and invented by the Italian
engineer “Pier Giorgio Perotto”
Pentium 1
Pentium 2 & so on…

5.  Works on commercial soft wares
(windows 7, Linux, Solaris)
 Million transistors on one IC chip
(microprocessor)
 Personal Computers and its Compatible
Computers use Windows as Operating
System
 Many computers can work together
(work station pc)

6. Use by one person at one time
Compatible size with many capabilities
Multifunctional machine
(internet access, calculations,
data storage)
Faster calculations than any other
calculating device
These are Digital Computers
Good storage capacity (20GB- 220GB)

8.  Desktop pc
 Laptop pc
 Pocket pc
Rs. 10,000 – Rs. 50,000
(General Purpose Computers)

9.  Easily upgradeable
 Quick processor
 No battery run out
 Less heat production
 Faster working in offices
 Economical (purchasing)

10.  Large power consumption
 Need updates
 Big and heavy (Separate parts ---
monitor, CPU, mouse etc.)
 Not easily Portable
 Identity theft
 Physical side effects

11. Commonly known as laptops.
Extremely light weight personal computers.
Best for mobile use.
Used for variety of purposes e.g. in marketing,
teaching, accounting.

12.  Good processing speed.
 Performs millions of instructions per
second (MIPS).
 Maximum storage capacity
(250GB-500GB).
 Ability to run multiple operating systems
e.g. Linux, windows XP

13. Ultra book laptops.
C50-AST3NX series.
Rs. 34,000 – Rs. 98,000
(general laptop price).

14.  UB notebook (general laptops, maximum
battery timing)
 Net book (easy internet accessibility e.g.
Google Net book)
 Rugged laptops (operate able in harsh
conditions e.g. dusty environment)
 Convertible laptops (screen lies flat or
slides on keyboard)

15. Rugged Laptop UB Notebook
Net Book Convertible Laptop

16. Inverter board
LCD Screen
LCD Casing
CPU
Mother Board
Video Card
Audio Board
Battery
Keyboard
Touch Mouse Pad
Cooling Fans
DC Power Jacks

17. Wireless Antenna
Microphone
Bluetooth Card
Modem
Wireless Card
Optical drives
USB Board
Floppy Drive

18. Flow sheet diagram

19.  Easy to carry due to small size
(maximum portability)
 Less heat production
 Less power consumption
 All in one (mouse, keyboard, speakers,
screen combined)
 Wi-Fi connectivity

20.  Costly than desktop personal computers
 Less upgradeability (RAM change,
Hardware change is difficult)
 Less durability (e.g. water splits on
keypad & affects its functioning)
 Skin burn (Toasted skin syndrome of
thighs)
 More chances of being stolen

21.  Critical applications in governmental
organizations
 Bulk data processing such as industry
and consumer statistics
 Transaction processing such as exchange
of goods, money etc
IBM Series
DEC

22.  Greatest Processing Power
 Huge Memory Capacity(more than 8GB)
 High Reliability
 Ability to run Multiple Operating System
 Ability to handle very high volume of IO
 Process an instruction in millions of
instructions per second (MIPS)

23.  Extremely fast in terms of handling the
data (e.g. Big Blue process very large data
as compared to data volume)
 Mainframes can run more operating
systems at once with fast speed and high
reliability.
 It has high security

24.  Too bulky in size.
 Mainframes produce a lot of heat.
 Cost of mainframes and its hardware is
very high.
 Intense human attention required.

25. (IBM System z9 mainframe)

26.  Designed for technical or scientific
applications
 Used by one person at a time
 Connected to a local area network
 Can run multi-user operating systems
 Contain special hardware not found on a
personal computer

27.  Performs millions of instructions per second
 Not completely portable
 Optimized for the visualization and
manipulation of different types of complex
data
 Such as 3D mechanical design, engineering
simulation (e.g. computational fluid
dynamics), animation and rendering of
images, and mathematical plots

28.  Microcomputers whose size is similar to
normal desktop computer
 But work in more advance manner
Price ranges from few thousands to many
lakes

29. z

30.  Come with a large, high-resolution graphics
screen
 Possess at least 64 MB (megabytes) of RAM
 Built-in network support and a graphical
user interface
 Have a mass storage device such as a disk
drive
 Special type of workstation, called a diskless
workstation, comes without a disk drive
 In networking, it refers to any computer
connected to a local-area network

31.  Designed for powerful business
applications that do large numbers of
calculations or require high-speed
graphical displays
 Users are not allowed to install software
on the network or workstations without
prior authorization
 Connected to heavy systems so small
defect in them may affect all the system

32.  Built smaller than any standard laptop
 Refer to as palmtop (small enough to be
held in ones hand)
 Popular handheld computers are
designed to provide PIM (personal
information manager) functions, e.g.
calendar and address book

33.  Equipped with sensors like cameras,
microphone, and touch screen
 Mobile computer with display, circuitry
and battery in single unit
 Touch screen
 Have capacitive technology (use the
screen with very little pressure finger)
 Only one button besides the power
button

34.  No keyboard in tablet (means typing will
be done on the onscreen keyboard)
 Work anywhere and small enough to put
in hand bags
Price ranges from few
thousands to lakes Tablet Computer

35.  Small weight (lighter than most laptops)
 Smaller in size
 A flexible screen (choose the screen in
landscape or portrait)
 Can be used as a GPS navigation device
 Offer the same functionality as a normal
computer

36.  Hardware is prone to damage
 Weaker capabilities
 The screen size is too small in
comparison with a laptop
 Don’t come with optical drives to use
with CDs or DVDs
 Higher cost.

37.  Personal digital assistant (PDA) or personal
data assistant
 Mobile device, functions as personal
information manager
 It also has a memory card slot for data storage.
 Synchronize data with application on a user’s
computer
 Synchronization prevents loss of data if it is
lost, stolen or destroyed
 Have a touch screen, soft keys, directional pad
& numeric keypad for entering data.

38.  Allow to export & import data, store
various information & make to do lists
 Can be used as address book and
calendar simultaneously
 It makes easy for people to get and stay
organized

39.  For some people it is the lack of privacy
 If keep information in it & if it is lost then
one can loss most of the information

40.  Phone built on a mobile operating system
 More advanced computing capability &
connectivity than a feature phone
 Include high resolution touch screen & web
browser
 High speed data access is provided by Wi-Fi,
mobile broadband & Bluetooth.
 Screens vary largely in both display size and
display resolution

41.  Screen sizes ranges 3 inches - over 5
inches
 Some 6 to 8 inches screen having devices
are also exist

42.  Have applications that help to create &
edit Microsoft office document
 Has the GPS that help to locate the places
that are new to someone
 Has QWERTY keyboard which is similar
to computer keyboard
 Can synchronize personal email account

43.  Less durable especially when not taken
good care of these
 Very expensive to buy as compared to
other phones
 Cannot be used to store large amount of
data due to less storage memory
 Work efficiently when there is accessible
internet connection for browsing.

44.  A powerful computer
 Dedicated for managing the traffic around the
network
 Managing disk drives & network peripherals
such as printers & scanners
 Different servers on a network e.g. file server
(used to store all users' files & folders)
 Workstations connected to the network termed
as 'clients'
 Clients rely on servers for resources & access
the files & peripheral

45.  The client–server model/client–server
architecture
 An approach to computer network
programming in which computers in a
network assume one of two roles
 The server selectively shares its resources
 The client initiates contact with a server
in order to use those resources

46.  According to Sizes
server include
 Rack server
 Tower server
 Home server
 Mini rack server
 Mobile server
 Super server
Size classes of client computers
Fat
Thin
Hybrid

47.  Advanced technologies are available,
designed to ensure security, user friendly
interfaces, and ease of use
 Provides the other computers connected
to it with IP addresses
 Stores files, data and applications used by
the computers connected to it

48.  A specialist network operating system is
needed
 The server is expensive to purchase
 Specialist staff such as a network
manager is needed
 If any part of network fails a lot of
disruption can occur

49.  A type of computer used to focus the
applications that records large
mathematical and difficult calculations
at front line of processing capacity
Very large
Mostly these are in form of clusters or
even big clusters.

50.  It is fastest computer as compared to
other ordinary computers because
supercomputer involves solving
advanced scientific problems
 They have non-uniform memory access.
Such type of super computer is GRAPE
for molecular dynamics.
 These are specifically used by scientists
and astronauts.
 Used to model cancer and others

51.  Two types of super computer exists
 One type has several extremely complex
and expensive processors that carry out
computations serially, one at a time.
 Second type has thousands of simple,
inexpensive processors connected in
parallel to perform the billions of tasks
per seconds (BIPS).

52.  Not portable and very specialized
 Major specialty is its help in life sciences
(protein folding and genome sequencing)
 Applicable on different kinds of medical
treatments
 They are used to study the sun

53.  Very expensive ranging from 1 million
dollar to 4.6 million dollar
 Construction is incredibly expensive task
because user is charged according to
number of processors
 Has VLSI circuits with 10 millions of
transistors per chips for both logic and
memory components

54.  Fastest speed with smoothest
performance
 Can solve bigger problems very easily
 Run more problems in short time (Less
time consumptions)
 Allows for virtual testing
 Diagnosing different diseases

55.  Very expensive
 Takes up a lot of space because of its
large size
 Does not replace physical testing
 Required trained staff and workers
 More power consumption as well as heat
generation
 Need cold environment for proper
working

58. Any Question…???