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Biotechnology products
This presentation introduces biological products, biotechnological products, and their applications. It discusses the four main types of biological molecules - carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids - and provides examples of each. It defines biotechnology and biotechnology products, giving examples like antibiotics, vaccines, genetically modified organisms, and transgenic plants. The presentation then focuses on proteins, describing their characteristics, levels of organization, types, and functions in the body.
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Biotechnology products
- 1. Presentation on: IntroductionTo Biological Products, Biotechnological Products & Their Applications Presented to: Dr. Aun Presented by: Zahra Naz------------------------BS-BT-04
- 2. BS-Biotechnology (5th semester) Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan.
- 3. Zahra Naz RollNo. 04 Biological Products Biotechnological Products Proteins
- 4. Biological Products (BiogenicCompounds) “Substance Produced By A Living Organism” e.g. by Human/Animal Tissue Or from Microbes Examples: Blood, Toxins Or Anti-toxin, Vaccine. Types: Four Main Types Of Biological Molecules Are: a) Carbohydrates b) Proteins c) Lipids d) Nuclei Acids
- 5. Carbohydrates The mostabundant biological molecules Carbon compounds containing large quantities of hydroxyl groups Energy rich compounds Have a variety of important functions (structural, nutritional , informational) in living systems
- 7. Lipids Carbon containing,non -polar bio-molecules The most energy rich bio-molecules Functionally much important as insulators, structural components, energy storage ,etc.
- 9. Proteins Contain carbon,hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, and sulfur Almost half of a cell consists of proteins Serve as structural components, control molecules (enzymes), transport and messenger molecules in animals
- 11. Nucleic Acids Largebiological molecules, essential for all known forms of life Store information for cellular growth and reproduction Not a energy source like carbohydrates, proteins and lipids These are of two types: a) deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) b) ribonucleic acid (RNA)
- 12. Sources of nucleic acids
- 13. Biotechnology “The ControlledUse Of Biological Agents, Such As Microorganisms Or Cellular Components.” (US-National Science Foundation) Biotechnology Products “Products Which are Manufactured By Recombinant DNA Technology(Produced By Biotechnology)” Examples: a) Antibiotics b) Vaccines c) Genetically Modified Organisms (GMO’s) d) Transgenic Plants e) Beverages ,etc.
- 14. Antibiotics Medicines whichare useful against bacterial actions and are obtained from living organisms Vaccines Weakened or dead microbes for inoculation in the body to produce immunity against the infection that respective healthy microbe can cause
- 15. Genetically Modified Organisms (GMO’s) Organisms with modified genetic material or organisms with foreign DNA. Types: Genetically Modified Animals Genetically Modified Bacteria Genetically Modified Plants Genetically Modified Flowers
- 16. Genetically Modified FruitGenetically Modified Flower Genetically Modified Bacteria Genetically Modified Animal
- 17. Cloned Animals Animalswhich have same characteristics as that of their parents Dolly sheep
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- 21. Characteristics of Proteins Contain carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, and sulfur Serve as structural components of animals Basic building block is the amino acid Serve as control molecules (enzymes) Serve as transport and messenger molecules
- 23. Levels of Organization Primary structure Amino acid sequence of the protein Secondary structure -H bonds in the peptide chain backbone --helix and -sheets Tertiary structure Non-covalent interactions between the R groups within the protein Quanternary structure Interaction between 2 polypeptide chains
- 25. Types of Proteins Globular Proteins – most of what we have dealt with so far – Compact shape like a ball with irregular surfaces – Enzymes are globular Fibrous Proteins – usually span a long distance in the cell – 3-D structure is usually long and rod shaped – Keratin
- 26. Functions Make upabout 15% of the cell Have many functions in the cell – Enzymes – Structural – Transport – Motor – Storage – Signaling – Receptors – Gene regulation – Special functions