The document discusses the importance of biochemistry. It states that biochemistry is the science concerned with the chemical constituents of living cells and the reactions and processes they undergo. It notes that biochemistry is essential to life sciences like genetics, physiology, immunology, toxicology, pharmacology, and pathology. The document also provides examples of how biochemistry helps understand normal body functions and the origins of diseases.
Biomolecules (Mainly Carbohydrates, Proteins, Lipids and Nucleic Acids ) Production form Microorganisms and their Industrial applications were discussed....
Biomolecules (Mainly Carbohydrates, Proteins, Lipids and Nucleic Acids ) Production form Microorganisms and their Industrial applications were discussed....
Biochemistry is the branch of science that explores the chemical processes within and related to living organisms. It is a laboratory based science that brings together biology and chemistry. By using chemical knowledge and techniques, biochemists can understand and solve biological problems
Introduction to biochemistry // BiochemistryAleeshatariq
This video lecture presents the introduction to Biochemistry, its definition, importance, and applications. This is an introductory lecture to have an idea of what we study in biochemistry and why we study it.
Austin Biomolecules: open access is a peer reviewed, scholarly journal dedicated to publish articles covering all areas of Biomolecules.
The journal aims to promote latest information and provide a forum for doctors, researchers, physicians, and healthcare professionals to find most recent advances in the areas of Biomolecules. Austin Biomolecules: open access accepts research articles, reviews, mini reviews, case reports and rapid communications covering all aspects of Biomolecules.
Austin Biomolecules: open access strongly supports the scientific up gradation and fortification in related scientific research community by enhancing access to peer reviewed scientific literary works. Austin Publishing Group also brings universally peer reviewed journals under one roof thereby promoting knowledge sharing, mutual promotion of multidisciplinary science.
Proteins are nitrogen-containing compounds found in both plants and animals. They serve as tissue builders and contribute to the growth and development of living organisms.
They are polymers made up of hundreds of amino acid monomers made from 20 different amino acids that can be joined in any sequence. Amino acids have the basic structure except for their side chain which makes each one different from the rest.
Introduction to Biochemistry and Clinical PathologyDHANANJAY PATIL
A brief introduction to the subject of biochemistry and clinical pathology. This introduction will give readers a quick overall view of this subject. All types of queries and suggestions are most welcome.
Biochemistry is the branch of science that explores the chemical processes within and related to living organisms. It is a laboratory based science that brings together biology and chemistry. By using chemical knowledge and techniques, biochemists can understand and solve biological problems
Introduction to biochemistry // BiochemistryAleeshatariq
This video lecture presents the introduction to Biochemistry, its definition, importance, and applications. This is an introductory lecture to have an idea of what we study in biochemistry and why we study it.
Austin Biomolecules: open access is a peer reviewed, scholarly journal dedicated to publish articles covering all areas of Biomolecules.
The journal aims to promote latest information and provide a forum for doctors, researchers, physicians, and healthcare professionals to find most recent advances in the areas of Biomolecules. Austin Biomolecules: open access accepts research articles, reviews, mini reviews, case reports and rapid communications covering all aspects of Biomolecules.
Austin Biomolecules: open access strongly supports the scientific up gradation and fortification in related scientific research community by enhancing access to peer reviewed scientific literary works. Austin Publishing Group also brings universally peer reviewed journals under one roof thereby promoting knowledge sharing, mutual promotion of multidisciplinary science.
Proteins are nitrogen-containing compounds found in both plants and animals. They serve as tissue builders and contribute to the growth and development of living organisms.
They are polymers made up of hundreds of amino acid monomers made from 20 different amino acids that can be joined in any sequence. Amino acids have the basic structure except for their side chain which makes each one different from the rest.
Introduction to Biochemistry and Clinical PathologyDHANANJAY PATIL
A brief introduction to the subject of biochemistry and clinical pathology. This introduction will give readers a quick overall view of this subject. All types of queries and suggestions are most welcome.
INTRODUCTORY BIOCHEMISTRY NOTES
Simplified biochemistry for easy understanding. Meant all Biochemistry students. A special dedication to all FST 2019/2020
biological macromolecules large cellular components abundantly obtained naturally and are responsible for varieties of essential functions for the growth and survival of living organisms.
Biomolecules , A living molecules (1).pdfSahilParmar43
A biomolecule or biological molecule is a loosely used term for molecules produced by living organisms that are essential to one or more typically biological processes, such as cell division, morphogenesis, or development. Biomolecules include large macromolecules such as proteins, carbohydrates, lipids, and nucleic acids, as well as small molecules such as vitamins and hormones. A more general name for this class of material is biological materials. Biomolecules are an important element of living organisms, those biomolecules are often endogenous,produced within the organism but organisms usually need exogenous biomolecules, for example certain nutrients, to survive.
A representation of the 3D structure of myoglobin, showing alpha helices, represented by ribbons. This protein was the first to have its structure solved by X-ray crystallography by Max Perutz and Sir John Cowdery Kendrew in 1958, for which they received a Nobel Prize in Chemistry
Biology and its subfields of biochemistry and molecular biology study biomolecules and their reactions. Most biomolecules are organic compounds, and just four elements—oxygen, carbon, hydrogen, and nitrogen—make up 96% of the human body's mass. But many other elements, such as the various biometals, are also present in small amounts.
The uniformity of both specific types of molecules (the biomolecules) and of certain metabolic pathways are invariant features among the wide diversity of life forms; thus these biomolecules and metabolic pathways are referred to as "biochemical universals" or "theory of material unity of the living beings", a unifying concept in biology, along with cell theory and evolution theory.
Operation “Blue Star” is the only event in the history of Independent India where the state went into war with its own people. Even after about 40 years it is not clear if it was culmination of states anger over people of the region, a political game of power or start of dictatorial chapter in the democratic setup.
The people of Punjab felt alienated from main stream due to denial of their just demands during a long democratic struggle since independence. As it happen all over the word, it led to militant struggle with great loss of lives of military, police and civilian personnel. Killing of Indira Gandhi and massacre of innocent Sikhs in Delhi and other India cities was also associated with this movement.
June 3, 2024 Anti-Semitism Letter Sent to MIT President Kornbluth and MIT Cor...Levi Shapiro
Letter from the Congress of the United States regarding Anti-Semitism sent June 3rd to MIT President Sally Kornbluth, MIT Corp Chair, Mark Gorenberg
Dear Dr. Kornbluth and Mr. Gorenberg,
The US House of Representatives is deeply concerned by ongoing and pervasive acts of antisemitic
harassment and intimidation at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). Failing to act decisively to ensure a safe learning environment for all students would be a grave dereliction of your responsibilities as President of MIT and Chair of the MIT Corporation.
This Congress will not stand idly by and allow an environment hostile to Jewish students to persist. The House believes that your institution is in violation of Title VI of the Civil Rights Act, and the inability or
unwillingness to rectify this violation through action requires accountability.
Postsecondary education is a unique opportunity for students to learn and have their ideas and beliefs challenged. However, universities receiving hundreds of millions of federal funds annually have denied
students that opportunity and have been hijacked to become venues for the promotion of terrorism, antisemitic harassment and intimidation, unlawful encampments, and in some cases, assaults and riots.
The House of Representatives will not countenance the use of federal funds to indoctrinate students into hateful, antisemitic, anti-American supporters of terrorism. Investigations into campus antisemitism by the Committee on Education and the Workforce and the Committee on Ways and Means have been expanded into a Congress-wide probe across all relevant jurisdictions to address this national crisis. The undersigned Committees will conduct oversight into the use of federal funds at MIT and its learning environment under authorities granted to each Committee.
• The Committee on Education and the Workforce has been investigating your institution since December 7, 2023. The Committee has broad jurisdiction over postsecondary education, including its compliance with Title VI of the Civil Rights Act, campus safety concerns over disruptions to the learning environment, and the awarding of federal student aid under the Higher Education Act.
• The Committee on Oversight and Accountability is investigating the sources of funding and other support flowing to groups espousing pro-Hamas propaganda and engaged in antisemitic harassment and intimidation of students. The Committee on Oversight and Accountability is the principal oversight committee of the US House of Representatives and has broad authority to investigate “any matter” at “any time” under House Rule X.
• The Committee on Ways and Means has been investigating several universities since November 15, 2023, when the Committee held a hearing entitled From Ivory Towers to Dark Corners: Investigating the Nexus Between Antisemitism, Tax-Exempt Universities, and Terror Financing. The Committee followed the hearing with letters to those institutions on January 10, 202
Macroeconomics- Movie Location
This will be used as part of your Personal Professional Portfolio once graded.
Objective:
Prepare a presentation or a paper using research, basic comparative analysis, data organization and application of economic information. You will make an informed assessment of an economic climate outside of the United States to accomplish an entertainment industry objective.
Synthetic Fiber Construction in lab .pptxPavel ( NSTU)
Synthetic fiber production is a fascinating and complex field that blends chemistry, engineering, and environmental science. By understanding these aspects, students can gain a comprehensive view of synthetic fiber production, its impact on society and the environment, and the potential for future innovations. Synthetic fibers play a crucial role in modern society, impacting various aspects of daily life, industry, and the environment. ynthetic fibers are integral to modern life, offering a range of benefits from cost-effectiveness and versatility to innovative applications and performance characteristics. While they pose environmental challenges, ongoing research and development aim to create more sustainable and eco-friendly alternatives. Understanding the importance of synthetic fibers helps in appreciating their role in the economy, industry, and daily life, while also emphasizing the need for sustainable practices and innovation.
Instructions for Submissions thorugh G- Classroom.pptxJheel Barad
This presentation provides a briefing on how to upload submissions and documents in Google Classroom. It was prepared as part of an orientation for new Sainik School in-service teacher trainees. As a training officer, my goal is to ensure that you are comfortable and proficient with this essential tool for managing assignments and fostering student engagement.
Read| The latest issue of The Challenger is here! We are thrilled to announce that our school paper has qualified for the NATIONAL SCHOOLS PRESS CONFERENCE (NSPC) 2024. Thank you for your unwavering support and trust. Dive into the stories that made us stand out!
Welcome to TechSoup New Member Orientation and Q&A (May 2024).pdfTechSoup
In this webinar you will learn how your organization can access TechSoup's wide variety of product discount and donation programs. From hardware to software, we'll give you a tour of the tools available to help your nonprofit with productivity, collaboration, financial management, donor tracking, security, and more.
Palestine last event orientationfvgnh .pptxRaedMohamed3
An EFL lesson about the current events in Palestine. It is intended to be for intermediate students who wish to increase their listening skills through a short lesson in power point.
1. The Holy Quran says:
“He (Allah the Almighty) taught (man)
the use of the Pen (the basic implement
in the field of knowledge) and taught
man which he knew not (a divine
invitation for research and advancement
of knowledge so as to lead the life in
conformity and obedience to Divine
Pleasure).”
Surah Alaq: Verses 4-5
3. BIOCHEMISTRY
“The science concerned with the chemical constituents of
living cells and with the reactions and processes they
undergo”
“The science that deals with the study of chemical basis
of life”
Harper
4. It is concerned with
• Molecules that occur in living cells
• Their chemical reactions
• Their functions in the body
5. SCOPE OF BIOCHEMISTRY
• It is essential to all life sciences
• Biochemistry of nucleic acids---genetics
• Biochemistry overlaps with body functions ---physiology
• Biochemical techniques used in ---immunology
• Poisons act on biochemical reactions ---toxicology
6. • Drugs are based on enzyme catalyzed reactions and various
drug reactions are understood by biochemistry ---pharmacology
• Understanding the basic causes of disease (inflammation, cell
injury, cancer, inborn errors of metabolism etc) require a sound
knowledge of biochemistry ---pathology
7. IMPORTANCE OF BIOCHEMISTRY
• Understanding the normal body functions
• Understanding the origin of disease: etiology,
prevention, diagnosis, prognosis and treatment
Examples:
• Atherosclerosis---polyunsaturated fatty acids
• Scurvy, rickets---vitamins
• Kwashiorkor---essential amino acids
12. Biomolecule Building block Major
functions
DNA Deoxyribonucleotide Genetic material
RNA Ribonucleotide Template for
protein synthesis
Polysaccharide Glucose Storage form of
energy
Proteins Amino acids Building blocks,
enzymes,
contractile
Lipids Fatty acids Membrane
components,
energy storage
13. • Proteins are the most abundant organic molecules
of the living system
• They occur in the every part of the cell and
constitute about 50% of the cellular dry weight.
• Proteins form the fundamental basis of structure and
function of life
• In 1839 Dutch chemist G.J.Mulder while investing the
substances such as those found in milk, egg, found
that they could be coagulated on heating and were
nitrogenous compounds
PROTEINS
14. • The term protein is derived from a Greek word
proteios, meaning first place
• Berzelius ( Swedish chemist ) suggested the name
proteins to the group of organic compounds that are
utmost important to life
• The proteins are nitrogenous macromolecules
composed of many amino acids
15. Biomedical importance of proteins:
• Proteins are the main structural components of the
cytoskeleton. They are the sole source to replace
nitrogen of the body
• Bio chemical catalysts known as enzymes are
proteins
• Proteins known as immunoglobulins serve as the
first line of defence against bacterial and viral
infections
16. • Several hormones are protein in nature e.g. Insulin
• Structural proteins like actin and myosin are
contractile proteins and help in the movement of
muscle fibre
Some proteins present in cell membrane, cytoplasm
and nucleus of the cell act as receptors
• The transport proteins carry out the function of
transporting specific substances either across the
membrane or in the body fluids
17. • Storage proteins bind with specific substances
and store them, e.g. iron is stored as ferritin
• Few proteins are constituents of respiratory
pigments and occur in electron transport chain,
e.g. Cytochromes, hemoglobin, myoglobin
• Under certain conditions proteins can be
catabolized to supply energy
• Proteins by means of exerting osmotic pressure
help in maintenance of electrolyte and water
balance in the body
18. Amino acids
• Amino acids are a group of organic compounds
containing two functional groups – amino and
carboxyl
• The amino group ( -NH2) is basic while the carboxyl
group ( -COOH ) is acidic in nature
• There are about 300 amino acids occur in nature
Only 20 of them occur in proteins
19.
20. Optical isomers of amino acids
• If a carbon atom is attached to four different groups,
it is asymmetric and therefore exhibits isomerism
• The amino acids ( except glycine ) possess four
distinct groups ( R, H, COO-, NH3+) held by a α-
carbon
• Thus all the amino acids have optical isomers
• The proteins are composed of L- α-amino acids
23. Classification of amino acids
• Amino acid classification based on the structure
• The 20 standard amino acids found in protein
structure are divided into seven distinct groups.
• 1.Aliphatic amino acids:
• 2.Hydroxyl group containing amino acids:
• 3.Sulfur containing amino acids:
•
24. • 4.Acidic amino acids and their amides:
• 5.Basic amino acids:
• 6.Aromatic amino acids:
• 7.Imino acids:
25. Classification of amino acids based on
their nutritional value
1-Essential amino acids
semiessential
2- Non-essential amino acids
26. Classification based on their metabolic fate
1-Glucogenic amino acids
2-Ketogenic amino acids
Lysine and Leucine
3-Ketogenic and glucogenic amino acids
Glycine, Alanine, Cystein, Proline,
Methionine, Aspartate, Glutamine,
Serine, Asparginine, Glutamine,
Glutamate, Arginine, Histidine
•Threonine