In this presentation we can learn about basic concept of Instruction set, Byte Oriented Instructions, Bit Oriented instructions, Literal Instructions clearly.
This document provides an overview of the PIC-18 microcontroller. It describes the PIC-18's features such as its 8-bit architecture with 16-bit instruction sets, memory sizes including 256 bytes of EPROM and 2KB of SRAM. The document also discusses the PIC-18's addressing modes, memory organization with separate program and data memory spaces, and instruction pipelining capability.
The PIC microcontroller uses a Harvard architecture with separate program and data memories. It has a CPU with an ALU, memory unit, and control unit. The memory includes program memory to store instructions, data memory including registers for temporary data storage, and EEPROM for storing variables. It has advantages like a small instruction set, low cost, and built-in interfaces like I2C, SPI, and analog components.
Presents features of ARM Processors, ARM architecture variants and Processor families. Further presents, ARM v4T architecture, ARM7-TDMI processor: Register organization, pipelining, modes, exception handling, bus architecture, debug architecture and interface signals.
This document provides an introduction and overview of microcontrollers. It begins by defining a microcontroller as a single-chip computer containing a CPU, RAM, ROM, I/O ports, and other peripherals. It then discusses the 8051 microcontroller in more detail, outlining its addressing modes, block diagram, operation, features, applications, and advantages over microprocessors. Finally, it provides a pin description and diagram of the 8051 microcontroller.
Timers on PIC18 microcontrollers can be used to generate time delays. The PIC18 has 2-5 timers that are each 16-bits wide and accessed through two 8-bit registers. Timers can be programmed in assembly to count the internal clock or external pulses. Common steps to program Timer0 as a 16-bit timer include loading the registers, starting the timer, monitoring the overflow flag, stopping the timer, and clearing the flag. Examples are provided to toggle a port pin with a delay using Timer0 and Timer1 in different modes.
The document provides an introduction and overview of the Intel 8096 microcontroller. It discusses the 8096's salient features such as its 16-bit architecture, high-speed I/O capabilities, and uses in motor control and robotics. It describes the 8096's architecture including its 16-bit CPU, registers, memory mapping, and I/O features such as timers, serial port, and A/D converter. The document provides details on the 8096's instruction set, addressing modes, and interrupt structure.
This document provides an introduction to PIC microcontrollers. It discusses the architecture of PIC microcontrollers, including the 16C6x and 16C7x architectures. It describes the registers, memory, and instruction set of PIC microcontrollers. Some key points covered include the Harvard architecture, pipelining, addressing modes, arithmetic, logical, and conditional instructions. Peripherals like timers and interrupts are also mentioned.
This document provides an overview of the PIC-18 microcontroller. It describes the PIC-18's features such as its 8-bit architecture with 16-bit instruction sets, memory sizes including 256 bytes of EPROM and 2KB of SRAM. The document also discusses the PIC-18's addressing modes, memory organization with separate program and data memory spaces, and instruction pipelining capability.
The PIC microcontroller uses a Harvard architecture with separate program and data memories. It has a CPU with an ALU, memory unit, and control unit. The memory includes program memory to store instructions, data memory including registers for temporary data storage, and EEPROM for storing variables. It has advantages like a small instruction set, low cost, and built-in interfaces like I2C, SPI, and analog components.
Presents features of ARM Processors, ARM architecture variants and Processor families. Further presents, ARM v4T architecture, ARM7-TDMI processor: Register organization, pipelining, modes, exception handling, bus architecture, debug architecture and interface signals.
This document provides an introduction and overview of microcontrollers. It begins by defining a microcontroller as a single-chip computer containing a CPU, RAM, ROM, I/O ports, and other peripherals. It then discusses the 8051 microcontroller in more detail, outlining its addressing modes, block diagram, operation, features, applications, and advantages over microprocessors. Finally, it provides a pin description and diagram of the 8051 microcontroller.
Timers on PIC18 microcontrollers can be used to generate time delays. The PIC18 has 2-5 timers that are each 16-bits wide and accessed through two 8-bit registers. Timers can be programmed in assembly to count the internal clock or external pulses. Common steps to program Timer0 as a 16-bit timer include loading the registers, starting the timer, monitoring the overflow flag, stopping the timer, and clearing the flag. Examples are provided to toggle a port pin with a delay using Timer0 and Timer1 in different modes.
The document provides an introduction and overview of the Intel 8096 microcontroller. It discusses the 8096's salient features such as its 16-bit architecture, high-speed I/O capabilities, and uses in motor control and robotics. It describes the 8096's architecture including its 16-bit CPU, registers, memory mapping, and I/O features such as timers, serial port, and A/D converter. The document provides details on the 8096's instruction set, addressing modes, and interrupt structure.
This document provides an introduction to PIC microcontrollers. It discusses the architecture of PIC microcontrollers, including the 16C6x and 16C7x architectures. It describes the registers, memory, and instruction set of PIC microcontrollers. Some key points covered include the Harvard architecture, pipelining, addressing modes, arithmetic, logical, and conditional instructions. Peripherals like timers and interrupts are also mentioned.
In this presentation we can learn about basic concept of interrupts, steps of interrupts, data processing during interrupts, and interrupt logic diagram clearly.
The document provides an introduction to PIC microcontrollers, including:
- The PIC16C6X/7X family uses a Harvard architecture with separate program and data memory buses, allowing fast instruction execution.
- The CPU contains registers like the Working Register, Status Register, FSR, and 8-level stack.
- Memory is organized into program memory, data memory (register files) and stack.
- Upon reset, the PIC initializes registers and jumps to address 0 to begin program execution. Resets ensure the PIC starts in a known state.
This document discusses the architecture of the PIC16C6X microcontroller. It begins by describing PIC microcontrollers in general and the core features of the PIC16C6X. It then examines the different versions of the PIC16C6X family and provides a pin diagram. The main blocks of the PIC16C6X architecture are outlined, including the power-on reset, watchdog timer, I/O ports, ADC, interrupt control, USART, memory blocks, and registers. Program memory size varies between versions. The document concludes with references.
Describes ARM7-TDMI Processor Instruction Set. Explains classes of ARM7 instructions, syntax of data processing instructions, branch instructions, load-store instructions, coprocessor instructions, thumb state instructions.
Keypad is a common interface with any microcontroller. This presentation gives details of keypad can be interfaced with 8051. The key pressed may be dispalyed on LCD/7 segment/LED displays.
The document discusses the CCP (Capture/Compare/PWM) modules on the PIC18F452 microcontroller. It describes that there are two CCP modules, CCP1 and CCP2, each with their own control register. It also describes the compare mode operation where the CCPRx registers are constantly compared against the timer registers to control the state of the CCP pins. The document provides details on the timer selection, special event triggering, and register configuration for capture, compare, and timer modes. It includes code examples to configure compare mode for toggling an LED and capture mode to measure pulse widths.
The document discusses interrupts for the PIC18 microcontroller. It explains that interrupts allow the microcontroller to instantly respond to events like pin changes or timer overflows. When an interrupt occurs, the microcontroller stops executing the main program and jumps to the interrupt service routine (ISR) to handle the interrupt. It provides details on enabling and disabling interrupts, the interrupt vector table, and examples of using interrupts for external pins, timers, and serial communication.
The document provides information about the 8085 microprocessor. It begins with an introduction and pin diagram. It then describes the pin functions and architecture, including the arithmetic logic unit, registers, program counter, and stack pointer. It discusses the timing and states of memory read, write, and I/O cycles. It explains how to interface memory and I/O devices to the 8085 bus. It covers the different interrupt types and how the 8085 responds to interrupts. Finally, it provides a short code example to add two numbers.
- Thumb is a 16-bit instruction set extension to the 32-bit ARM architecture that provides higher code density and smaller memory requirements compared to standard ARM code.
- Thumb instructions are 16-bits wide while ARM instructions are 32-bits wide, allowing Thumb code to be half the size of equivalent ARM code.
- Thumb code executes on ARM processors by decompressing Thumb instructions into their 32-bit ARM equivalents on the processor.
The 8086 microprocessor has an architecture that separates it into a Bus Interface Unit (BIU) and Execution Unit (EU). The BIU fetches instructions and data from memory and handles address calculation on the buses. The EU decodes and executes instructions using its 16-bit ALU. The 8086 has 16 general purpose registers including 4 data registers (AX, BX, CX, DX) and segment/pointer registers. It also contains a flag register for storing status flags. The 8086 can queue up to 6 bytes of upcoming instructions to improve performance.
The document discusses the MSP430 microcontroller from Texas Instruments. It describes the MSP430 as a 16-bit RISC microcontroller with low power consumption suitable for applications such as sensor systems. The document summarizes the MSP430's architecture, which includes a 16-bit CPU core, seven addressing modes, 27 core instructions, and six low-power modes. It also discusses the MSP430's memory architecture, peripherals, and other features that enable ultra-low power operation.
PIC 16F877- features, architecture, functional pin description, program memory, and data memory organization, STATUS register, OPTION REG register, Power Control Register (PCON), Data EEPROM, and FLASH Program Memory.
register file structure of PIC controllerNirbhay Singh
The document discusses the register file structure in PIC microcontrollers. It describes that the register file consists of general purpose registers and special function registers. The general purpose registers include the working register and status register, while the special function registers include the program counter, stack pointer and other control registers. The register file is divided into four banks to provide expanded addressable memory. The bank selection bits in the status register allow accessing any of the four banks through direct or indirect addressing modes.
Interrupt programming with 8051 microcontrollerAnkit Bhatnagar
this ppt is related to the intrupts related to the 8051 microcontroller ..
topics are introduction to intrupts
intrerrupts vs pollings
difference between intrupts snd pollings
This document provides an overview and syllabus for a course on PIC microcontroller programming. It discusses the objectives of the course, which are to expose students to PIC architecture and peripherals, advanced PIC features, and assembly and C programming. The syllabus covers addressing modes, instruction sets, assembly, and C programming over 5 lectures. It also provides details on the PIC16F877 instruction set, which includes 35 instructions grouped into data transfer, arithmetic/logic, bit operations, program flow control, and other categories. Addressing modes for the PIC include immediate, register, memory, direct, and indirect.
The document provides information on the 8086 microprocessor, including:
- It was designed by Intel in the late 1970s and was used in early PCs.
- It has a 16-bit architecture and 20-bit address bus, allowing access to 1MB of memory.
- The 8086 CPU logic is partitioned into a Bus Interface Unit and Execution Unit, with the BIU handling bus operations and the EU executing instructions.
- The BIU generates physical addresses from logical addresses using segment registers and the instruction pointer. It also contains an instruction queue and registers.
- The EU contains general purpose registers, flags, and an ALU for arithmetic and logical operations.
This document provides an introduction to ARM microcontrollers. It discusses that ARM designs RISC processor cores that are used in many microcontrollers produced by various manufacturers. The popular ARM7TDMI architecture is a 32-bit RISC processor that can operate in both 32-bit ARM and 16-bit THUMB modes. It has 31 registers and 7 operating modes. The ARM instruction set allows conditional execution and includes instructions for arithmetic, logical operations, and loading/storing data. Using THUMB instructions reduces code size by 30-40% compared to ARM.
This document provides an introduction to the ARM processor architecture. It discusses key aspects of ARM including the ARM programming model, instruction set, memory hierarchy, and development tools. ARM is a popular reduced instruction set computing (RISC) architecture used in many portable electronic devices due to its low power consumption.
1. The document discusses embedded systems and Microchip PIC microcontrollers. It describes what embedded systems are and provides examples of application areas.
2. It explains the differences between microprocessors and microcontrollers, and discusses the architecture and features of Microchip's PIC microcontrollers.
3. The document provides an overview of programming PIC microcontrollers, including the instruction set, device structure, and basic circuit requirements.
This section describes the instruction set for a microcontroller. It includes byte-oriented, bit-oriented, and literal/control instructions. Each instruction is described over 1-2 cycles with details on opcode, operands, operation, status effects, encoding, and quarter cycle activity. Special situations for special function registers as sources or destinations are also covered.
In this presentation we can learn about basic concept of interrupts, steps of interrupts, data processing during interrupts, and interrupt logic diagram clearly.
The document provides an introduction to PIC microcontrollers, including:
- The PIC16C6X/7X family uses a Harvard architecture with separate program and data memory buses, allowing fast instruction execution.
- The CPU contains registers like the Working Register, Status Register, FSR, and 8-level stack.
- Memory is organized into program memory, data memory (register files) and stack.
- Upon reset, the PIC initializes registers and jumps to address 0 to begin program execution. Resets ensure the PIC starts in a known state.
This document discusses the architecture of the PIC16C6X microcontroller. It begins by describing PIC microcontrollers in general and the core features of the PIC16C6X. It then examines the different versions of the PIC16C6X family and provides a pin diagram. The main blocks of the PIC16C6X architecture are outlined, including the power-on reset, watchdog timer, I/O ports, ADC, interrupt control, USART, memory blocks, and registers. Program memory size varies between versions. The document concludes with references.
Describes ARM7-TDMI Processor Instruction Set. Explains classes of ARM7 instructions, syntax of data processing instructions, branch instructions, load-store instructions, coprocessor instructions, thumb state instructions.
Keypad is a common interface with any microcontroller. This presentation gives details of keypad can be interfaced with 8051. The key pressed may be dispalyed on LCD/7 segment/LED displays.
The document discusses the CCP (Capture/Compare/PWM) modules on the PIC18F452 microcontroller. It describes that there are two CCP modules, CCP1 and CCP2, each with their own control register. It also describes the compare mode operation where the CCPRx registers are constantly compared against the timer registers to control the state of the CCP pins. The document provides details on the timer selection, special event triggering, and register configuration for capture, compare, and timer modes. It includes code examples to configure compare mode for toggling an LED and capture mode to measure pulse widths.
The document discusses interrupts for the PIC18 microcontroller. It explains that interrupts allow the microcontroller to instantly respond to events like pin changes or timer overflows. When an interrupt occurs, the microcontroller stops executing the main program and jumps to the interrupt service routine (ISR) to handle the interrupt. It provides details on enabling and disabling interrupts, the interrupt vector table, and examples of using interrupts for external pins, timers, and serial communication.
The document provides information about the 8085 microprocessor. It begins with an introduction and pin diagram. It then describes the pin functions and architecture, including the arithmetic logic unit, registers, program counter, and stack pointer. It discusses the timing and states of memory read, write, and I/O cycles. It explains how to interface memory and I/O devices to the 8085 bus. It covers the different interrupt types and how the 8085 responds to interrupts. Finally, it provides a short code example to add two numbers.
- Thumb is a 16-bit instruction set extension to the 32-bit ARM architecture that provides higher code density and smaller memory requirements compared to standard ARM code.
- Thumb instructions are 16-bits wide while ARM instructions are 32-bits wide, allowing Thumb code to be half the size of equivalent ARM code.
- Thumb code executes on ARM processors by decompressing Thumb instructions into their 32-bit ARM equivalents on the processor.
The 8086 microprocessor has an architecture that separates it into a Bus Interface Unit (BIU) and Execution Unit (EU). The BIU fetches instructions and data from memory and handles address calculation on the buses. The EU decodes and executes instructions using its 16-bit ALU. The 8086 has 16 general purpose registers including 4 data registers (AX, BX, CX, DX) and segment/pointer registers. It also contains a flag register for storing status flags. The 8086 can queue up to 6 bytes of upcoming instructions to improve performance.
The document discusses the MSP430 microcontroller from Texas Instruments. It describes the MSP430 as a 16-bit RISC microcontroller with low power consumption suitable for applications such as sensor systems. The document summarizes the MSP430's architecture, which includes a 16-bit CPU core, seven addressing modes, 27 core instructions, and six low-power modes. It also discusses the MSP430's memory architecture, peripherals, and other features that enable ultra-low power operation.
PIC 16F877- features, architecture, functional pin description, program memory, and data memory organization, STATUS register, OPTION REG register, Power Control Register (PCON), Data EEPROM, and FLASH Program Memory.
register file structure of PIC controllerNirbhay Singh
The document discusses the register file structure in PIC microcontrollers. It describes that the register file consists of general purpose registers and special function registers. The general purpose registers include the working register and status register, while the special function registers include the program counter, stack pointer and other control registers. The register file is divided into four banks to provide expanded addressable memory. The bank selection bits in the status register allow accessing any of the four banks through direct or indirect addressing modes.
Interrupt programming with 8051 microcontrollerAnkit Bhatnagar
this ppt is related to the intrupts related to the 8051 microcontroller ..
topics are introduction to intrupts
intrerrupts vs pollings
difference between intrupts snd pollings
This document provides an overview and syllabus for a course on PIC microcontroller programming. It discusses the objectives of the course, which are to expose students to PIC architecture and peripherals, advanced PIC features, and assembly and C programming. The syllabus covers addressing modes, instruction sets, assembly, and C programming over 5 lectures. It also provides details on the PIC16F877 instruction set, which includes 35 instructions grouped into data transfer, arithmetic/logic, bit operations, program flow control, and other categories. Addressing modes for the PIC include immediate, register, memory, direct, and indirect.
The document provides information on the 8086 microprocessor, including:
- It was designed by Intel in the late 1970s and was used in early PCs.
- It has a 16-bit architecture and 20-bit address bus, allowing access to 1MB of memory.
- The 8086 CPU logic is partitioned into a Bus Interface Unit and Execution Unit, with the BIU handling bus operations and the EU executing instructions.
- The BIU generates physical addresses from logical addresses using segment registers and the instruction pointer. It also contains an instruction queue and registers.
- The EU contains general purpose registers, flags, and an ALU for arithmetic and logical operations.
This document provides an introduction to ARM microcontrollers. It discusses that ARM designs RISC processor cores that are used in many microcontrollers produced by various manufacturers. The popular ARM7TDMI architecture is a 32-bit RISC processor that can operate in both 32-bit ARM and 16-bit THUMB modes. It has 31 registers and 7 operating modes. The ARM instruction set allows conditional execution and includes instructions for arithmetic, logical operations, and loading/storing data. Using THUMB instructions reduces code size by 30-40% compared to ARM.
This document provides an introduction to the ARM processor architecture. It discusses key aspects of ARM including the ARM programming model, instruction set, memory hierarchy, and development tools. ARM is a popular reduced instruction set computing (RISC) architecture used in many portable electronic devices due to its low power consumption.
1. The document discusses embedded systems and Microchip PIC microcontrollers. It describes what embedded systems are and provides examples of application areas.
2. It explains the differences between microprocessors and microcontrollers, and discusses the architecture and features of Microchip's PIC microcontrollers.
3. The document provides an overview of programming PIC microcontrollers, including the instruction set, device structure, and basic circuit requirements.
This section describes the instruction set for a microcontroller. It includes byte-oriented, bit-oriented, and literal/control instructions. Each instruction is described over 1-2 cycles with details on opcode, operands, operation, status effects, encoding, and quarter cycle activity. Special situations for special function registers as sources or destinations are also covered.
The document discusses the architecture and assembly language programming of PIC18 microcontrollers. It covers topics such as:
- PIC18 microcontrollers use a Harvard architecture with separate memory for instructions and data. They have a program memory, data memory, I/O ports, and support devices like timers.
- The PIC18 architecture is based on an advanced RISC design. Key components include registers like WREG for temporary data storage. Special function registers and general purpose registers are used to access I/O ports and timers.
- Assembly language instructions like MOVLW, ADDLW, and MOVWF are used to move data between program memory, registers and I/O ports. The
This document contains 99 questions related to programmable logic controllers (PLCs). The questions cover topics such as PLC components, ladder logic programming, registers, instructions, numbering systems, and applications. They range from basic questions testing understanding of PLC concepts to more complex questions involving designing PLC programs to solve application problems. The questions are divided into three units, with unit one focusing on basic PLC operation, unit two on registers and instructions, and unit three on numbering systems, subroutines, and advanced instructions.
Software control systems for smart antennaeSAT Journals
Abstract A PCB containing microcontroller provides suitable DC voltages to the phase shifters and generates the smart antenna array beam steering. The detected WiFi signals are transferred into a mobile device through a WiFi adapter. This chapter will focus on the software design to automatically control the complete smart antenna array system. Since two microcontrollers PIC18F4550 and LPC1768 are used to build control PCBs. There are also two specifically designed software programs developed in order to configure the individual PCB. For the PIC18F4550, a graphical user interface (GUI) was developed to communicate between a laptop and the control PCB. The GUI sends commands to a Microchip compiler called MPLAB and transfers the control C code into a Hexadecimal (Hex) document. Through the Bootloader program, this Hex code will be copied into the microchip PIC18F4550 and then configures the digital potentiometers to generate variable output voltages. A script using VB is made to link all of the control steps automatically. Key Words: Software Control System, Smart Antenna, Manual Control, Switching Control, Automatic Control
This document provides an overview of an advanced PLC programming lecture for a course on industrial control. It discusses the structure and programming of Mitsubishi FX series PLCs, including details on hardware components like inputs, outputs, auxiliary relays and data registers. It also covers advanced programming techniques like special instructions, representation of operands, and data formats including bit devices, word devices, signed binary, hexadecimal, BCD, scientific notation and floating point values.
This section describes the instruction set for Microchip's PIC microcontrollers. It includes byte-oriented, bit-oriented, and literal/control instructions. Byte instructions operate on file registers and the working register W. Bit instructions manipulate individual bits. Literal instructions use constants. Most instructions execute in one cycle, but some that affect program flow take two cycles. Special function registers like the program counter and status register are discussed. The instruction set allows reading and writing all registers in a consistent orthogonal manner.
This document provides an overview of programmable logic controllers (PLCs). It describes how PLCs are microcomputer-based controllers that can be programmed to control automated processes and machinery. The document outlines the basic architecture and operation of PLCs, and discusses how they are programmed using ladder logic. It also provides examples of ladder logic programming and compares programming for PLCs versus relay-based systems. The key advantages of PLCs are their flexibility, cost-effectiveness, and ability to replace relay-based control systems.
This document describes modeling, simulation, and implementation of speed control for a DC motor using a PIC16F877A microcontroller. It includes:
1) Developing mathematical models for the DC motor based on torque equations and transfer functions.
2) Creating a Simulink model to simulate the motor's step and impulse responses.
3) Designing a hardware system using the PIC16F877A microcontroller to generate PWM signals to control the motor speed, along with other components like a driver circuit and optical encoder.
4) Implementing the control system and presenting results of experimental speed control at different setpoints.
This document provides an overview of microcontroller architecture and assembly language programming. It discusses the following key points in 3 sentences:
The document introduces PIC microcontrollers and assembly language, noting that assembly language uses mnemonic instructions that must be translated to machine code by an assembler. It explains the assembling and linking process used to convert assembly code to machine code that can be burned into the PIC's program memory. Various PIC assembly language instructions are also described, including MOVLW, MOVWF, logic instructions, and bit manipulation instructions to set and clear bits on I/O ports.
This document outlines the content of a lecture series on advanced PLC programming using Mitsubishi FX series PLCs. It covers the structure of Mitsubishi PLCs, advanced programming techniques, hardware details like inputs, outputs, auxiliary relays and data registers. It also describes representation of operands, instructions for program flow, move/compare, arithmetic/logical operations, rotation/shift, data operations and high-speed processing.
This document provides an overview of programmable logic controllers (PLCs) and their hardware components. It discusses the basic components of a PLC including the power supply, central processing unit, input/output terminals, and indicator lights. It also describes common input and output devices used with PLCs such as sensors, actuators, and relays. The document discusses how inputs are connected to a PLC and converted to a format readable by its logic. It also describes how PLCs convert internal logic levels to external voltage levels on the outputs. Finally, it summarizes key aspects of PLC hardware and wiring.
The document provides an overview of programmable logic controllers (PLCs). It discusses the origins and development of PLCs, moving from complex relay-based control systems to more flexible PLCs. The key applications of PLCs are in industrial automation, where they can flexibly control processes. PLCs now support many functions beyond basic logic, such as timers, counters, memory functions, and mathematical operations. The document also introduces the IEC 61131 standard for PLC programming.
Password based circuit breaker control to ensure electricPraveen Kumar V
This document describes a password-based circuit breaker control system to ensure the safety of electric line workers. The system uses a PIC16F877A microcontroller and requires a line worker to enter a password to turn the circuit breaker on or off. This allows the line worker to safely repair power lines by turning off the supply, completing repairs, and then returning to the substation to turn the power back on by entering the correct password. The system indicators and password entry is controlled by the microcontroller.
Lecture 04 Logical Group of InstructionsZeeshan Ahmed
Course on Microprocessor Theory and Interfacing. This is fifth lecture on logical group of instructions of 8085 microprocessor. This lecture has a all logical instructions along with solved examples
The document provides information about PIC microcontrollers including their history, architecture, features, and programming. It discusses that PIC was developed in 1975 to improve I/O performance. Key points include:
- PIC uses Harvard architecture with separate memory for program and data.
- Features include baseline, mid-range, enhanced mid-range, and PIC18 models with varying complexity and peripherals.
- Programming involves setting I/O ports and individual pins as input or output using SFR registers like PORT, TRIS, and LAT.
- Timers can generate delays or count external events using internal or external clocks. Serial communication transfers data one bit at a time through a single pin.
Pic16f877a microcontroller based projects list _ PIC Microcontroller.pdfIsmailkhan77481
This document provides a list of 38 PIC16F877A microcontroller-based projects, with brief descriptions of each. The projects include interfacing MATLAB with a PIC16F877 microcontroller via serial communication, creating a PIC development/testing board, generating PWM waves, emulating a PLC using the CI16F877A, communicating a PIC MCU with Python via serial, blinking LEDs using assembly language, creating a keyless car alarm, interfacing an LCD with the PIC16F877A, creating a 7-segment clock with temperature display using a DS18B20 sensor, designing a multimeter with the PIC16F877, setting up the CloudX microcontroller, creating
This document provides information about reversible logic gates and their application in field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs). It describes the design of reversible 4-to-1 multiplexers, D latches, and master-slave flip flops using novel reversible gates. The proposed reversible designs have fewer components and lower cost compared to existing irreversible circuit designs. In conclusion, the document presents the first proposed design of a reversible logic block for FPGAs, improving the efficiency of sequential circuits used to realize FPGA functions.
Microchip's PIC Micro Controller - Presentation Covers- Embedded system,Application, Harvard and Von Newman Architecture, PIC Microcontroller Instruction Set, PIC assembly language programming, PIC Basic circuit design and its programming etc.
The document discusses the derivation of a speed governing system. It describes modeling the key components, including the speed governor model, turbine model, and generator model. It then discusses combining these individual models to form a load frequency control model of a single area power system. The presentation covers the basic concepts of modeling, movement of the speed governor components, and the individual models of the turbine and generator.
This document discusses power system operations and control, including definitions of key terms like load and demand. It describes different types of loads including resistive, motor, and electronic loads. It also discusses load curves and load duration curves for representing load profiles over time. Finally, it categorizes loads from a system perspective as domestic, commercial, industrial, agricultural, and other loads, providing details on their demand and load factors.
This document discusses various methods of voltage control in power systems, including static shunt capacitors, static series capacitors, static shunt reactors, synchronous condensers, tap changing transformers, booster transformers, and SVC-Static VAR Compensators. Static shunt capacitors and static series capacitors inject reactive power to increase voltage, while static shunt reactors absorb reactive power to reduce voltage. Synchronous condensers can operate as either capacitors or reactors depending on their excitation to regulate voltage. Tap changing transformers and booster transformers also control voltage through adjusting transformer ratios.
The load on a power station varies over time rather than being constant. This variability in load presents challenges for power stations, as they must produce power whenever demanded by consumers. Variable loads can necessitate additional equipment to vary the fuel supply and increase production costs, as generator efficiency decreases during light loads. Load curves are used to analyze and understand load patterns, showing how demand changes over various time periods from daily to annually. This information is important for power station operation and planning.
The document discusses the objectives and operations of electric power systems. The key objectives are to provide continuous, quality service to users at minimum cost while minimizing environmental impact. Operations are divided into planning, control, and accounting. Planning optimizes resource allocation to meet peak demand at lowest cost. Control satisfies instantaneous load through economic dispatch and reserve calculation. Committing the most economical generating units based on costs and constraints is determined through unit commitment.
This document discusses ARM assembly language programming. It describes different types of instructions in ARM assembly like arithmetic operations, bitwise logical operations, register movement, comparison operations, and data transfer instructions. It also explains the use of immediate operands, shifted register operands, and multiply instructions. The document concludes that it provides the basic concepts of ARM assembly language programming using these different instruction sets.
This document discusses various concepts related to power system operation and control including load curves, load duration curves, connected load, maximum demand, average load, load factor, capacity factor, and categories of loads. Load curves show the variation of load with time on a daily, monthly, or yearly basis. Connected load is the sum of ratings of all equipment, while maximum demand is the greatest short-term average load. Load factor is the ratio of average load to maximum demand and indicates how uniformly the load is distributed over time. There are five broad categories of loads from a system perspective: domestic, commercial, industrial, agricultural, and others.
Redefining brain tumor segmentation: a cutting-edge convolutional neural netw...IJECEIAES
Medical image analysis has witnessed significant advancements with deep learning techniques. In the domain of brain tumor segmentation, the ability to
precisely delineate tumor boundaries from magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)
scans holds profound implications for diagnosis. This study presents an ensemble convolutional neural network (CNN) with transfer learning, integrating
the state-of-the-art Deeplabv3+ architecture with the ResNet18 backbone. The
model is rigorously trained and evaluated, exhibiting remarkable performance
metrics, including an impressive global accuracy of 99.286%, a high-class accuracy of 82.191%, a mean intersection over union (IoU) of 79.900%, a weighted
IoU of 98.620%, and a Boundary F1 (BF) score of 83.303%. Notably, a detailed comparative analysis with existing methods showcases the superiority of
our proposed model. These findings underscore the model’s competence in precise brain tumor localization, underscoring its potential to revolutionize medical
image analysis and enhance healthcare outcomes. This research paves the way
for future exploration and optimization of advanced CNN models in medical
imaging, emphasizing addressing false positives and resource efficiency.
An improved modulation technique suitable for a three level flying capacitor ...IJECEIAES
This research paper introduces an innovative modulation technique for controlling a 3-level flying capacitor multilevel inverter (FCMLI), aiming to streamline the modulation process in contrast to conventional methods. The proposed
simplified modulation technique paves the way for more straightforward and
efficient control of multilevel inverters, enabling their widespread adoption and
integration into modern power electronic systems. Through the amalgamation of
sinusoidal pulse width modulation (SPWM) with a high-frequency square wave
pulse, this controlling technique attains energy equilibrium across the coupling
capacitor. The modulation scheme incorporates a simplified switching pattern
and a decreased count of voltage references, thereby simplifying the control
algorithm.
artificial intelligence and data science contents.pptxGauravCar
What is artificial intelligence? Artificial intelligence is the ability of a computer or computer-controlled robot to perform tasks that are commonly associated with the intellectual processes characteristic of humans, such as the ability to reason.
› ...
Artificial intelligence (AI) | Definitio
Discover the latest insights on Data Driven Maintenance with our comprehensive webinar presentation. Learn about traditional maintenance challenges, the right approach to utilizing data, and the benefits of adopting a Data Driven Maintenance strategy. Explore real-world examples, industry best practices, and innovative solutions like FMECA and the D3M model. This presentation, led by expert Jules Oudmans, is essential for asset owners looking to optimize their maintenance processes and leverage digital technologies for improved efficiency and performance. Download now to stay ahead in the evolving maintenance landscape.
Batteries -Introduction – Types of Batteries – discharging and charging of battery - characteristics of battery –battery rating- various tests on battery- – Primary battery: silver button cell- Secondary battery :Ni-Cd battery-modern battery: lithium ion battery-maintenance of batteries-choices of batteries for electric vehicle applications.
Fuel Cells: Introduction- importance and classification of fuel cells - description, principle, components, applications of fuel cells: H2-O2 fuel cell, alkaline fuel cell, molten carbonate fuel cell and direct methanol fuel cells.
Introduction- e - waste – definition - sources of e-waste– hazardous substances in e-waste - effects of e-waste on environment and human health- need for e-waste management– e-waste handling rules - waste minimization techniques for managing e-waste – recycling of e-waste - disposal treatment methods of e- waste – mechanism of extraction of precious metal from leaching solution-global Scenario of E-waste – E-waste in India- case studies.
1. MICROCONTROLLER BASED SYSTEM DESIGN
“PIC 16CXX INSTRUCTION SET”
V.KALAIRAJAN M.E;
ASSISTANT PROFESSOR,
ELECTRICALAND ELECTRONICS ENGINEERING
KONGUNADU COLLEGE OF ENGINERING AND TECHNOLOGY, TRICHY
KONGUNADU COLLEGE OF ENGINERING AND TECHNOLOGY, TRI11CHY PIC16CXX INSTRUCTION SET 1
2. PIC 16CXX INSTRUCTION SET
VIEWS:
INSTRUCTION SET
BYTE ORIENTED INSTRUCTIONS
BIT ORIENTED INSTRUCTIONS
LITERAL INSTRUCTIONS
KONGUNADU COLLEGE OF ENGINERING AND TECHNOLOGY, TRI11CHY PIC16CXX INSTRUCTION SET 2
3. PIC 16CXX INSTRUCTION SET
INSTRUCTION SET:
The instruction set for PIC microcontroller consists of only 35
instructions. Some of these is instructions are byte oriented and some
bit oriented instructions. The instruction set is listed in table.
Byte-oriented operations (Operation done in bytes of data)
Bit-oriented operations (Operation done in bit of data)
Literal and control operations (Data given in instruction itself)
BYTE ORIENTED INSTRUCTIONS:
The byte oriented instructions that require two parameters ( for example
mov f,F(W)) except the f to be replaced by the name of a special
purpose register ( e.g. PORT A) or the name of a RAM variable (e.g.
NUM1) which serves as the source of the operant “f” stands for file
register. The F(W) parameter is the F, if the destination is to be the
source register.
W, if the destination is to be working register (i.e. accumulator or W
register)
KONGUNADU COLLEGE OF ENGINERING AND TECHNOLOGY, TRI11CHY PIC16CXX INSTRUCTION SET 3
4. PIC 16CXX INSTRUCTION SET
KONGUNADU COLLEGE OF ENGINERING AND TECHNOLOGY, TRI11CHY PIC16CXX INSTRUCTION SET 4
5. PIC 16CXX INSTRUCTION SET
BIT ORIENTED INSTRUCTIONS :
The bit oriented instructions also expect parameters (e.g. btfsc, f,
b). here “f” is to be replaced by the name of a special purpose
register on the name of RAM variable. The “b” parameter is to be
replaced by a bit number ranging from 0 to 7.
For example
Zequ 2
Btfsc STATUS, z
Z has be equated to 2. Here the instructions will test the Z bit of
the status register and will skip the next instruction is Z bit is clear.
KONGUNADU COLLEGE OF ENGINERING AND TECHNOLOGY, TRI11CHY PIC16CXX INSTRUCTION SET 5
6. PIC 16CXX INSTRUCTION SET
KONGUNADU COLLEGE OF ENGINERING AND TECHNOLOGY, TRI11CHY PIC16CXX INSTRUCTION SET 6
7. PIC 16CXX INSTRUCTION SET
LITERAL INSTRUCTIONS:
The literal instructions require an operand having a known
value (e.g. OAH) or a label that represents known value.
For example
NUM equation OAH; assigns OAH to the label NUM (a
constant)
movl W NUM: will move OAH to the W register
Every instruction fits in a sing 14 bit word. In addition,
every instruction also executes in a single cycle, unless it
changes the content of the program counter. These
features are due to the fact that PIC microcontroller has
been designed on the principle of RISC architecture.
KONGUNADU COLLEGE OF ENGINERING AND TECHNOLOGY, TRI11CHY PIC16CXX INSTRUCTION SET 7
8. PIC 16CXX INSTRUCTION SET
KONGUNADU COLLEGE OF ENGINERING AND TECHNOLOGY, TRI11CHY PIC16CXX INSTRUCTION SET 8
9. PIC 16CXX INSTRUCTION SET
CONCLUSION:
In this above presentation we can learn about basic concept of
Instruction set, Byte Oriented Instructions, Bit Oriented
instructions, Literal Instructions clearly.
REFERENCES:
Mazidi, M.A.,“PIC Microcontroller” Rollin Mckinlay, Danny
causey Printice Hall of India, 2007.
Ravichandran,C., and Arulaalan,M., “Microcontroller Based
System Design”, Suchitra Publications, Ist edition,2016.
Dr.Balamurugan.C.R., Periyaazhagar., “Microcontroller Based
System Design”, Megnus Publications, Ist edition,2016.
Online wikipedia search.
9KONGUNADU COLLEGE OF ENGINERING AND TECHNOLOGY, TRI11CHY PIC16CXX INSTRUCTION SET