In this above presentation we can learn about basic concept of Pipeline, purpose of pipeline, and instruction flow of pipeline clearly.

1. MICROCONTROLLER BASED SYSTEM DESIGN
“PIC16CXX PIPELINING”
V.KALAIRAJAN M.E;
ASSISTANT PROFESSOR,
ELECTRICALAND ELECTRONICS ENGINEERING
KONGUNADU COLLEGE OF ENGINERING AND TECHNOLOGY,TRICHY
KONGUNADU COLLEGE OF ENGINERING AND TECHNOLOGY, TRI11CHY PIC16CXX PIPELINING 1

2. PIC16CXX PIPELINING
VIEWS:
 PIPELINE.
 PURPOSE OF PIPELINE.
 INSTRUCTION FLOW/PIPELINING.
 CONCLUSION.
 REFERENCES.
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3. PIC16CXX PIPELINING
PIPELINE:
 In this second instruction is fetched when the first instruction
in decoding state. So time for execution is get reduced.
PURPOSE OF PIPELINE:
 “Pipeline” is used to increase the execution speed of the
processor or reduce the execution time of single instruction.
 The clock input (from OSC1) is internally divided by four to
generate four non-overlapping quadrature clocks namely Q1,
Q2, Q3, and Q4.
 Internally, the program counter (PC) is incremented every
Q1, the instruction is fetched from the program memory and
latched into the instruction register in Q4.
 The instruction is decoded and executed during the following
Q1 through Q4.
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4. PIC16CXX PIPELINING
 The clock and instruction execution flow is shown in Figure.
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5. PIC16CXX PIPELINING
INSTRUCTION FLOW/PIPELINING
 An “Instruction Cycle” consists of four Q cycles (Q1, Q2, Q3, and
Q4). The instruction fetch and execute are pipelined such that
fetch takes one instruction cycle while decode and execute takes
another instruction cycle.
 However, due to the pipelining, each instruction effectively
executes in one cycle.
 If an instruction causes the program counter to change (e.g.
GOTO) then two cycles are required to complete the instruction
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6. PIC16CXX PIPELINING
INSTRUCTION FLOW/PIPELINING
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7. PIC16CXX PIPELINING
 A fetch cycle begins with the program counter (PC) incrementing
in Q1. In the execution cycle, the fetched instruction is latched
into the “Instruction Register (IR)” in cycle Q1.
 This instruction is then decoded and executed during the Q2, Q3,
and Q4 cycles. Data memory is read during Q2 (operand read) and
written during Q4 (destination write).
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KONGUNADU COLLEGE OF ENGINERING AND TECHNOLOGY, TRI11CHY PIC16CXX PIPELINING

8. PIC16CXX PIPELINING
CONCLUSION:
 In this above presentation we can learn about basic concept of
Pipeline, purpose of pipeline, and instruction flow of pipeline
clearly.
REFERENCES:
 Mazidi, M.A.,“PIC Microcontroller” Rollin Mckinlay, Danny
causey Printice Hall of India, 2007.
 Ravichandran,C., and Arulaalan,M., “Microcontroller Based
System Design”, Suchitra Publications, Ist edition,2016.
 Dr.Balamurugan.C.R., Periyaazhagar., “Microcontroller Based
System Design”, Megnus Publications, Ist edition,2016.
 Online wikipedia search.
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