This PPT prepared by Teacher Educator from Thiagarajar College of Preceptors-Madurai for B.Ed Trainees.

1. WORLD WAR II

2.  M.A.MUNIAMMAL
 ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR IN HISTORY
 THIAGARAJAR COLLEGE OF PRECEPTORS
 MADURAI-9

3. Germany & Treaty of
Versailles,1919
Failure of League of Nations
Post-War Crisis & Germany
The Rise of Adolf Hitler
Allies & Non-Intervention
Munich Pact

4.  Nature of the War
 Outbreak of the War
 Important Events—Dunkirk & Battle of
Britain
 Lend Lease 1941-1945
 Invasion of Russia 1941-1942
 Battle of Stalingrad (17 July 1942 to 2
February 1943)
 Battle of EI Alamein 1942

5. Surrender of Italy 1943
War in the Asia-Pacific Region
Pearl Harbour 1941
Japanese Aggression in South-east
Asia
Battle of Midway & Battle of
Guadalcanal1942
Hiroshima & Nagasaki, August 1945

6.  New geo-political power alignment: The
World was polarized into two main
blocs—USA & Soviet Russia. Europe was
divided into two: Communist & non-
Communist
 Nuclear proliferation: USA , Russia, France,
Britain developed their own nuclear weapons
 International agencies: The world bank &
International Monetary Fund
 Colonial powers were forced to give
independence to their colonies

7. 1941-Britain & USA issued a joint
declaration-Atlantic Charter.
June 26, 1945-the Charter of the
United Nations was signed by 51
nations
Now above 200 member countries
Each one –big or small-has an equal
vote in the United Nations.

8. UNO functions almost like any govt—
Legislative, Executive & Judicial
wings of the state
Each member state is represented in
the General Assembly
It meets once a year & issues of
interest & points of conflict are
discussed in the Assembly

9.  The Security Council has 15 members
 Five countries-the United States, Britain,
France, Russia & China are permanent
members
 Ten members are temporary who are elected
in rotation
 These two bodies function like a legislature
 Permanent members has the right to veto.
This right used to block major decisions.
 Major issues & conflicts are discussed in the
Security Council

10. The executive wing of the U N is the
UN Secretariat
Headed by Secretary General, who is
elected by the General Assembly on
the recommendation of Security
Council
The Secretary General, along with
his cabinet & other officials, runs
the United Nations

11.  The International Court of Justice,
headquartered at The Hague in Holland, is
the judicial wing of the United Nations
 The Economic & Social Council(ECOSOC) is
responsible for coordinating all the economic
& social work of the United Nations
 The regional Economic Commissions
functioning for regional development across
the various regions of the world(Asia Pacific,
West Asia, Europe, Africa & Latin America)
are organs of ECOSOC

12. FAO—Food & Agriculture
Organization
WHO—World Health Organization
UNESCO– UN Educational, Scientific
& Cultural Organization
UNICEF—United Nations Children’s
Fund
UNDP– United Nations Development
Programm

13. 1960’s decolonization
Human rights
The problem of refugees
Climate changes
 Gender equality
Peacekeeping force

14.  Bretton Woods Conference 1944
 1945 established, located in Washington
 Two main organs of the world bank—
International bank for Reconstruction and
Development(IBRD) & International
Development Agency(IDA)
 Together they are referred to as the World
Bank
 IBRD—Fund the reconstruction activities
under the Marshall Plan in the European
countries devastated by the war

15.  To promote economic development in poorer
countries
 Lends money to various countries for
developmental projects
 These loans are soft loans & are given at very
low rates of interest for period of 50 years
 Recent years—improving living standards,
removing illiteracy, empowering women &
improving maternal & child health, improving
the environment & eradicating AIDS.

16.  Organized in 1945 with 29 members countries
 Now 200 countries
 To ensure financial stability & development
across the world
 To promote international monetary
cooperation, expansion of international trade
& exchange stability
 To promote high employment & sustainable
economic growth & reduce poverty around
the world