History of World War Two

1. Recap
The Great War
FIRST WORLD WAR
“THE WAR TO END ALL WARS” WOODROW WILSON

2. Definition of world war
“International war is a substantial
arms conflict between the
organized military forces of
independent political units” ( Levy)

3. Consequences of the War
 Theories of realism that justified great power
competition, armaments, secret alliances, and balance of
power politics were discouraged. Liberals
 Treaty of Versailles signed in 1919 for peace
 Treaty of Serves signed on August 10, 1920
 Treaty of Lausanne signed on July 24, 1923
 Many turned to liberalism for guidance on how to
manage the global future.
 League of Nations set up in 1920

4. World War II
1939 – 1945

5. Allied
UK
USA
France
Poland
Russia after 1941
Axis
Germany
Italy
Japan
Russia

6. Kaiser Wilhelm II
On Nov9, 1918 his abdication was
announced, he went to Netherland,
Queen of Netherland refused to
return him to Allied, His Second
requested Hitler to restore
I’m ashamed of to be a German
He died in Netherland.
Weimer Republic (1919-23)
Setup by SDP, ISDP
Ebert become President,
Constitution formed, Ruhr
occupied by French and
Belgian to get reparation.

7.  On Oct 17, 1918 Hungary declared
independence
 Czechoslovakia formed on 28 Oct,
 Serbia separated
 Poland reestablished
 Franz Josef had died by 1916
 Replaced with Charles I
 Charles exiled to different locations,
finally to Madeira
Austria-Hungary
Dissolution

8. Mustafa Kemal, determined to break
with the Islamic past, first proclaimed
the Turkish Republic (October 29,
1923), and on March 3, 1924, the
Grand National Assembly abolished
the caliphate. The next day
Abdülmecid was exiled.
Sykes–PicotAgreement1916.
Ottoman Empire
Dissolution

9. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HggqlmsiHjA
9

10. Treaty of Versailles
Failure of League of Nation
Failure of Collective Security
Rise of Dictators in Europe
World Economic Crisis
Policy of Appeasement
Miscalculations
Causes of
Second World
War

11. Treaty of Versailles
SignedinthecityofFrance
WarGuiltClause231
132$bnreparation
AlsaceLorre'sgiventoFranceby
Germany
Germanywasdemilitarized
Causes of
Second World
War

12. Failure of League of Nation
• Itwasnotgivendueimportance
• Statesusedotherchannelto
resolvedisputes
• LeagueofNationcouldn’t
influenceInternationalPolitics
• WorldDisarmament
Conferencefailed
Causes of
Second World
War

13. Failure of Collective Security
• IdeaofCSfailedtomaintain
InternationalPeace
• Statesdidn’tsupporteconomic
&militarysanctions
Causes of
Second World
War

14.  Others Are.
Rise of Dictators Totalitarian in Europe
World Economic Crisis
Policy of Appeasement
Miscalculations
Causes of
Second World
War

15.  Russian attack on Poland 1921
 Rise of Militarism in Japan
Irrational Boundaries Drawn after WWI
Anti Semitic ( Anti Jews)
Civil War in China
 Germany Japan Pact-1940
Causes of
Second
World War

16. Invasions of Axis Powers:
 ON 1st September Germany attacked on Poland.
 France and England Declared War on Germany
 After Poland Germany attacked on Denmark and Norway
 Belgium and Netherland fall to Germany
 USSR occupied Baltic States and Finland
 Italy joins in hand with Germany and attacks on France
 Germany attacks on France in June 1940 and on 14 June German took control of Paris
 London was attacked directly
 In 1940 Tripartite Pact signed between Italy, Japan and Germany
 Romania joined the tripartite pact
 Germany attacked on Yugoslavia and Greece
 Germany attacked on Russia in June 1941 for Lebensraum…
 Germany occupied the Czechoslovakia in March 19
 on 7 December 1940, Japan attacks on Pearl Harbor
 Japan attacks on Indo-China ( Laos, Cambodia and Vietnam)
 Japan invaded Manchuria in 1939
 Japan invaded China in 1937 and conquered Burma
 Italy absorbed Albania in 1939

17. 17

18. 18

19. Invasions of Allied Powers:
British attacked from its colony of Egypt on it’s Colony on Libya
Allied pushed back Germany and Italy
USA attacked on Morocco
Britain attacked on Sicily and Italy
 Benito Mussolini was forced to quit
 Soviet occupied most of the Europe from Germany
 In 1944 France liberated from Germany
 On April 29, 1945 Germany surrendered
 On April 30, 1945 Hitler suicides
 Britain Liberated Burma, Indonesia, and Philippines from Japan
 August 6, 1945 bombed on Hiroshima- Little Boy
 August 9, 1945 Nagasaki – Fat Man

20. 20

21. Yalta Conference Feb 1945
 Stalin agreed to enter the fight
against the Empire of Japan
 After the war, Germany and
Berlin would be split into four
occupied zones.
21
 German reparations were
partly to be in the form of
forced labour.
 Creation of a reparation
council which would be
located in the Soviet Union.
 Communist Govt installed in
Poland by Russia

22. Consequences:
 Cold War (1947-1990)
 Rise of Superpowers
 Bipolar System
 WARSA Pact 1955
 NATO 1949
 Berlin was divided into two parts: Berlin Wall
 Decolonization
 UN Set up: October 24, 1945
 Britain and France lost as superpowers
 USA occupied Japan and Liberated it in 1952
 Korea was divided into two parts North( Russia) South(America)
 Civil War in China restarted
 Israel set up
 Holocaust, the Final Solution
 USSR captured 600,000 sq. km from Baltic States
 Poland was compensated with land occupied form Germany
 Euro-Centric System came to an end
 Tunisia liberated in 1943

23. Impacts of World War II on World Affairs:
 Euro-Centric System came to an end
 US replaced Britain
 US first invented and dropped Atomic Bomb
 Atomic bomb changed the nature of national power
 USSR wanted to expand Communism through revolution
 World divided into bipolar system
 Bipolar system dominated by capitalist and communist blocs.
 The creation of newly independent states of Asia, Africa and
South America