1. A festive evaluation of prior knowledge!
1. What can cause conflict between
countries?
2. What helped cause WWI?
3. What kinds of new weapons did they use
in the war?
4. What is an alliance?
5. What is militarism?
6. What future problems can
this war cause in the future?
2. Germany Machine Gun trenches
Austria-Hungary USA rats
Rifle alliances Russia
Poison gas Tank Czar Nicolas
Woodrow Wilson nationalism Kaiser Wilhelm
Franz Ferdinand imperialism lice
Trench foot militarism plane
Bayonet Erich Luddendorf Western Front
Lusitania Italy Serbia
Gavrillo Princep France submarines
Elephants
Ocelots
cats
Draw a circle on your paper. Look
at all of the terms. Write down
terms in the circle that you feel
have something in common. Label
it with a category
animals
8. REASONS FOR WAR
1. MILITARISM: aggressive
preparation for war grows.
• Mili leaders stock supplies &
develop war plans (Schlieffen
plan) that never changed & were
basis for all decisions.
• Drafted men
(conscription)& armies double in
size by 1914
9.
10.
11. REASONS FOR WAR
2.Europe divided into many
alliances & the big 2 were:
a. Triple Alliance – Italy,
Austria-Hungary &
Germany
b. Triple Entente- France,
Great Britain &
Russia
14. REASONS FOR WAR
3. Imperialism led to
competition for colonies to
get control
of resources.
Germ had
little &
Br & Fr had
a lot!
15. 4. NATIONALISM: desire
for own nation grows.
•many ethnic groups w/o
own national states
want independence
16. •1914: Serbia wants all
Slavic peoples (Bosnia,
others) to join together to
create Slavic state, but Aus-
Hun against it (they control
Bosnia)
17.
18. M- militarism- build up weapons, supplies,
troops & plans
A- alliances- nations that help one other,
2 big alliances!
I-imperialism- competition for
colonies
N-nationalism-ethnic groups want
independence. (Serbs!)
19. •June 28, 1914: Archduke
Franz Ferdinand, heir to
A-H throne & wife Sophia
visited Sarajevo, Bosnia.
27. 1. Write a short article describing the death of
Franz Ferdinand. Your article should include at
least 5 specific DETAILS of the assassination &
at least one reason for this action being taken
by the Black Hand.
2. Now, choose ONE of the following topics to
write an editorial (an article giving opinions or
perspectives) :
a. Do we have any similar situations today? Do you
believe this could happen today?
b. How did Serbian nationalism play a role in the
assassination? Did the Serbs have an alternative
c. What course of action should the Austrian-
Hungarian government take next?
29. WAR BEGINS!!!
• Serbs turn
down AUS-
Hun demands
& A-H
declares war
on Serbs
July 28th
,
1914
• First World War
30. WAR BEGINS!!!
•Serbia’s ally,
Czar Nicholas
II of Rus,
orders partial
MOBILIZATION
(assembling
troops &
supplies &
making them
ready for war).
31. WAR BEGINS
•Russia’s war plans say to
fight Germ & Aus-Hun,
Czar Nicholas must
mobilize against both.
•Czar orders full
mobilization on July 29th
,
1914.
33. •The German Schlieffen
plan calls for a 2 front
war & makes Germ
invade Belgium to attack
France to get Russia
(written in 1894)
(think about
alliances)
40. True or False
1. Assassination of Franz Ferdinand started WWI
2. The Triple Alliance was an agreement between
Britain, France and Russia
3.Germany only had a few colonies in Africa.
4. The Schleiffen Plan was a plan to attack Russia through
Prussia
5. Large areas of Austria-Hungary & Bosnia contained
nationalist groups
6.Austria-Hungary took control of Bosnia
7.Germany declared war on Brit & France in 1914.
8. Due to militarism, many nation’s armies doubled in size
by 1914
41.
42. 1. Franz Ferdinand (next
leader of Aus-Hun)
assassinated by Serb
terrorists the Black Hand
6/28/14
2. Aus-Hun gets Blank Check
from Germany 7/5/14
3. Aus-Hun declares war on
Serb 7/28/14
4. Russia Mobilizes army on
7/ 29 – 31/14 against both
Aus-Hun & Germ
43. 5. Germans see mobilization
as act of war. Declares war
on Russia
6. German Schlieffen plan
makes Germ invade Belgium
& France to get Russia
7. Germany declares war on
France 8/3/14
8. Great Britain declares war
on Germany 8/4/14
44. WAR BEGINS
•Govt spreads PROPAGANDA-
ideas used to influence
public opinion for or against
a cause-
• helped to create hatred
& support for causes.
• Most believe war
will end in 2 weeks
or less
45.
46. •Eastern Front: Germany &
Russia
•Western Front-Mostly in Fr
• Schlieffen Plan
go thru Belgium
to circle Paris,
trapping Fr,
then on around
to Russia
47. • Ger stopped at 1st Battle of
Marne (Sept. 6-10, 1914).
• Fr troops sent in taxis to front
line in red uniforms.
50. WESTERN FRONT
• Both sides dig trenches
• New technology (Poison gas,
tank, plane, mortars, machine
gun, zeppelin)
• Little movement,
stalemate!
• Many deaths
• Bad conditions
• Trenches
• lice
79. • You are a soldier serving a 6 month tour of duty in
the trenches on the Western Front. It is April 1917
& the US has just joined the Allies. Do the following:
1. Write a _ page letter back home to your
parents/friend/dog/relative, etc. In your letter,
describe what life is like in the trenches.Include:
a. who you are fighting for & against?
b. what are the conditions like?
c. What weapons do you see/use? Tactics?
d. What is your job?
e. What do you do all day?
Be creative, use headings, and use SPECIFIC DETAILS
& EXAMPLES
82. •Eastern Front (Germ/Rus)-
Very mobile, w/ huge losses
of life.
1. Russia is beaten in E.
Germ & suffers major losses
at Tannenberg (general kills self,
92,000 POWs, 78,000 deaths) &
Masurian Lakes (125,000 dead,
45,000 POWS)
2.Aus-Hun defeated by Rus in
Serbia
83.
84.
85. 3.Italy joins Triple Entente
(now called the ALLIES w/
GB, FR, RUS) in 1915
4.Germ pushes Russians back
into Russia w/ heavy
losses(Russia out of war)
5. Bulgaria joins w/ Germ &
Aus-Hun. (now Central
Powers)
6.Serbs destroyed in Sept ’15
*Ottoman Empire joins CP
86. Western Front Eastern Front
Fr & Ger trenches
stretch from English
h Channel to
Switzerland
Very mobile!
German Schlieffen
plan stopped by
trenches
Russian defeat ed in
Germany & Gallacia-
2.5 mil casualties
Both sides bogged
sown for most of war
Success for Germ
and A-H
HUGE loss of life Huge loss of life
95. • US Pres
• Woodrow
• Wilson asks
• for a Dec of
• War April 2nd
• 1917. Enters
• war over
unrestricted sub warfare &
Zimmerman telegram
96.
97.
98. • German Foreign Secretary Arthur Zimmerman sent the govt of Mexico a coded
message, inviting Mexico to wage war on the US as a member of the Central
Powers. Germany would then help Mexico claim land form the US. Mexico
turned t down, and the BR intercepted the message
• “We intend to begin on the first of February unrestricted submarine warfare.
We shall endeavor in spite of this to keep the United States of America
neutral. In the event of this not succeeding, we make Mexico a proposal of
alliance on the following basis: make war together, make peace together,
generous financial support and an understanding on our part that Mexico is to
reconquer the lost territory in Texas, New Mexico, and Arizona. The
settlement in detail is left to you. You will inform the President of the above
most secretly as soon as the outbreak of war with the United States of
America is certain and add the suggestion that he should, on his own initiative,
invite Japan to immediate adherence and at the same time mediate between
Japan and ourselves. Please call the President's attention to the fact that the
ruthless employment of our submarines now offers the prospect of compelling
England in a few months to make peace." Signed, ZIMMERMANN”
100. •Euros went to PLANNED
ECONOMIES- systems
run by govt agencies that
expanded powers to meet
needs such as: drafts,
regulate import/exports,
ration food,
control prices, wages &
rent control
106. GERMANY LOSES
•Germ forced back by US
troops
•Sept 29, 1918, Gen.
Ludendorff says war is
lost.
•Allies won’t make
peace w/ Germ
imperial govt
107. • Kaiser Wilhelm
II gives up &
flees.
• AUS-Hun fell
apart & new
nations emerge
*Freidrich Ebert,
new temp leader
announces
Armistice, is
signed Nov 11th
1918
108. • Map of Europe redrawn due
to Treaty.
a.Aus-Hun, Serbia & Ottoman
Empire gone
b. Rus (USSR) & Germ
smaller
111. • The financial cost of the war
amounted to almost $38 billion for
Germany
• Britain spent $35 billion,
• France $24 billion,
• Russia $22 billion,
• USA $22 billion
• Austria-Hungary $20 billion.
• In total the war cost the Allies
$125 billion
• the Central Powers $60 billion
112. d. Br take Iran &
Palestine. Called a
MANDATE when nation
officially governed
by another nation, but
not owned by them
113.
114. END OF THE WAR
• Jan 1919, 27 ALLIED nations
meet to make final a
settlement. US, GB, Fr, It
dominate! No Ger or Rus
115. Treaty of Versailles
1. Your group will get a packet with: 4 leader ID
cards, 4 blank treaty/leader cards & one big
Treaty sheet.
2. Each person takes a different leader sheet.
YOU are that leader! Learn about yourself & fill
out the info on the blank leader sheet.
3. Next, teach the rest of the people in your group
about YOUR (leader’s) goals. EVERYONE does
this. Write down the info about each leader as
you learn about them.
4. Now, as a group, address the 5 problems from the Paris
Conference to create the Treaty. Remember, use your
person’s goals/beliefs to guide your decisions. Majority
rules for a decision (3/4)
116. WORLD WAR I CASUALTIES:
AMERICAN
•Battle deaths: 53,402
•Other deaths in service:
63,114
•Non-mortal wounded:
204,002
•Living vets as
of 2000: 2,416
117.
118. What does it take to mobilize?
• How did Europeans prepare for
WWI?
• What effect would mobilization
have on existing tensions?
• What roles do civilians play in
mobilizing?
• How did countries ensure that
troops had enough weapons, food,
ammunition and other supplies?
119.
120.
121. League of Nations!
1. With a partner, read the Preamble to the
League of Nations to understand it’s goals
& purpose. Answer the questions below!
(complete sentences!)
2. Move around the room. Using the Political
cartoon sheet, analyze 4 of the 6
cartoons. You must analyze number 5!
3. Finally, go back, read the back of the
Preamble page & answer the question why
the LON was a failure! Be sure to compare
the Preamble to what you learned from
the cartoons! Use support!
122. To ponder!
• Analyzing How did Wilson seek to end not
only World War I but all wars?
• What agreements ended WWI
123. PARIS PEACE CONFERENCE
Problems at PARIS PEACE
CONFERENCE (1919) due to
secret treaties & own selfish
interests
• Russia can’t come
• Germ not invited
• Run by BIG 3- US, FR &
GB.
• Big battle btw them
125. 14 Points
a. reach peace openly &
reduce weapons
b. Create a “general
association of nations” to
guarantee independence.
(League of Nations)
c.Must create democracies &
self-determination (right of
each people to have own
nation).
126. • DAVID LLOYD GEORGE – Brit
Prime minister wants
Germ to be punished & pay for
crimes
GEORGES CLEMENCEAU –
premier of France says Fr
suffered most, needs security.
Wants fines, land, and no
weapons
128. •Demands Germ:
1.be stripped of
weapons
2. pay
REPARATIONS-
damages to pay for
war
3. create a buffer
area btw FR &
Germ called
Rhineland.
129. PARIS PEACE CONFERENCE
•Jan. 25, 1919.
League of
Nations created
(US DOES NOT
JOIN due to
Versailles).
•Compromises
made.
130. •TREATY OF VERSAILLES-
signed w/ Germ. Most
important. 5 others
signed
•Germ unhappy w/ Article
231, which is War Guilt
Clause, stating
Germ admits
guilt for war.
131. MUST DO THE FOLLOWING:
1. pay reparations
2. reduce army to 100,000
3. get rid of air force &
reduce navy
4. return Alsace & Loraine,
5. Sections of E. Germ given
to create Poland.
6.Germ along Rhineland
now a DMZ, (no weapons)
