1. Mr. Taylor | @teamHISTORY

4. Which Allied nation could
the Central Powers not
invade by land?

5. Why might Russia have
struggled to obtain
resources from its allies?

6. Which alliance may have
had the worse position
geographically in the war?

7. nationalism imperialism militarism
alliance
system

10. 1914:
Shot Rings
Throughout
Europe

12.  Russian troops to
borders with
Austria/Germany
 Germany declares
war on
Russia, attacks
France
 Great Britain
declares war on
Germany

13. Central
Powers:
Germany &
Austria-Hungary
Allied Powers:
Britain, France &
Russia

20. Russia’s war effort suffering
by 1916
many casualties, few supplies
Huge size of Russian army
keeps it formidable

22.  Germany seeks to
control Atlantic to
stop supplies to
Britain
 unrestricted
submarine
warfare
 Sinking of
Lusitania angers
United States

26. 1. What did Germany want
Mexico to do?
a) Begin unrestricted submarine
warfare?
b) Distract the United States with a
border War
c) Convince Japan to attack Russia
d) All of the above
2. Why would governments
send messages in code?
a) To increase close cooperation
among the staff
b) To prevent unauthorized people
from knowing what they say
c) To ensure greater attention to
detail by the senior staff
d) All of the above
3. Why did Germany send a
telegram rather than a letter
or courier?
a) Telegrams are faster.
b) Letters can be intercepted.
c) Couriers could be spies.
d) All of the above.
4. Why is body of the message
is the only part written in
code?
a) Western Union needs to know the
identify of the customer.
b) The destination cannot be secret
since the telegram company has to
deliver the message.
c) Only the message contains secret
information.
d) All of the above.

27.  U.S. declares war
against Germany
in April 1917

29.  Total war —
devote all resources
to war
 Governments take
control of economy
 Nations turn to
rationing —
limiting purchases
of war-related goods

30.  At
home, thousands
of women fill jobs
previously held
by men
 Many women also
war nurses

32. Russia Withdraws
 Civil unrest forces czar
to step down in 1917
 Communists take
control
 Russia  treaty with
Germany, March 1918
Central Powers Collapse
 Allies win war;
armistice in
November 1918

39. Treaty of Versailles creates feelings of bitterness on both sides
German people feel bitter and betrayed after taking blame for war
America never signs Treaty of Versailles
Some colonies express anger over not winning independence
Japan, Italy criticize agreement; gain less land than they want

43. militarism
(a) the battlefields of northern France in
World War I
Western Front
(b) system in which a government limits
the amount of items people can buy
Eastern Front
(c) Wilson’s plan for achieving a just and
lasting peace after World War I
trench warfare
(d) type of warfare in which opposing
armies fight from parallel trenches
propaganda
(e) a stretch of battlefield among the
German and Russian border in WWI
total war
(f) war in which countries devote all their
resources to the war effort
rationing
(g) policy of glorifying war and keeping an
army prepared for war
Fourteen Points
(h) One-sided information designed to
persuade

46. Lenin
WWI shows
Russia’s
weakness,
Czar steps
down
Bolsheviks in
power, sign
treaty with
Germany;
Russia out of
World War I

47. Lenin: land to
peasants,
workers
control
3-year civil
war leaves 14
million dead
Russian, Fren
ch
Revolutions
both attempt
to remake
society
Lenin’s
economic,
peace policies
restore order

49. Police Terror
Indoctrination
Propaganda and Censorship
Religious or Ethnic
Persecution

51. Nationalists: nationalism, democracy, economic security

52. Emperor Nationalists Communists
Peasants not
impressed

53. Reading: Mao Zedong

54.  British promise steps to self-government in return
for WWI service. After war, no changes; resentment

57.  1935: England
gives India self-rule
 Does nothing to
calm rising tension
between Muslims
and Hindus

58. Mr. Taylor
World History
Between Wars

60. Russia
• Stalin
• Purge
• Five-year
plans Germany
• War debts
(reparation)
UnitedStates
• Isolationism

64. Secret
Agreement
Non-
aggression
pact:
Germans,
Soviets agree
not to fight
each other,
to split Poland
Blitzkrieg

65. Communism – sort of
 Five year plan
 The Great Purge:
under Joseph Stalin,
tens of millions of
ordinary individuals
were executed or
imprisoned in labor
camps that were little
more than death
camps.

67. German forces
trap
British, French
on coast at
Dunkirk
Winston
Churchill:
Becomes British
prime minister,
vows no
surrender
Battle of
Britain: British
use air
force, radar, code
-breaking to
resist Germany

73. Hitler Invades
Soviet Union
After taking
Yugoslavia, Greece
, Hitler betrays
Stalin
Germany
invades an
unprepared
Soviet Union
Soviet troops burn
land as they retreat
Germans almost
capture Moscow

75.  Roosevelt fears
that if allies
fall, U.S. would
have to fight
 Lend-Lease Act
— U.S. loans
weapons to
countries fighting
Germany

77. Infamy
Japan attacks
Pearl
Harbor
, U.S. naval
base in
Hawaii, on
Dec. 7, 1941

78.  In 1941 Roosevelt cuts off oil
shipments to Japan
 Japan captures American Philippines,
British holdings, including Hong Kong,
Singapore, Dutch East Indies, Burma,
threatens India, Britain’s main
possession in Asia
 Japanese forces treat conquered peoples,
prisoners of war brutally

80.  New kind of naval
warfare — ships launch
planes to fight each
other
 Douglas MacArthur
— American army
commander in Pacific
 Plans to “island-hop”
past strongholds, attack
weaker Japanese bases

81. Axis
• Italy
• Japan
• Germany
Allies
• Britain
• Soviet Union
• United States

82. Nazis kill 6 million Jews and 5 million other “non-Arayans”

84.  “Our strength consists in our speed and
in our brutality. Genghis Khan led
millions of women and children to
slaughter - with premeditation and a
happy heart. History sees in him solely
the founder of a state. It’s a matter of
indifference to me what a weak western
European civilization will say about me.

85. I have issued the command - and I’ll have
anybody who utters but one word of criticism
executed by a firing squad - that our war aim
does not consist in reaching certain lines, but
in the physical destruction of the enemy.
Accordingly I have placed my death-head
formations in readiness - for the present only
in the East - with orders to them to send to
death mercilessly and without compassion,
men, women, and children of Polish derivation
and language. Only thus shall we gain the
living space (Lebensraum) which we need.

86. Who, after all, speaks today of the
annihilation of the Armenians?”
Adolf Hitler August 22, 1939
Quoted from a speech delivered
by Hitler to the Supreme Commanders
and Commanding Generals, as the Nazis
marched into Poland in 1939.

87.  Hitler and Nazis say
Aryans — Germanic
peoples — are “master
race”
 Kristallnacht—
“night of broken glass,”
Nov. 9, 1938
 Jewish homes,
businesses, synagogues
attacked; 100 Jews
killed

88.  Fearing
violence, many
German Jews
flee, but other
countries limit
Jewish refugees
Isolation
 Hitler has all Jews
moved to designated
cities, forced to live
in ghettos

89.  Hitler’s final plan
for treatment of
Jews
 Chooses
genocide —
systematic killing
of an entire
people
 Russia joins effort

91. Death camps not in
Germany, kept secret
from German citizens

94. Reading: “Night”

95.  Use your notes to write a paragraph
describing Nazi Germany’s policy
towards Jewish people.
 Include the following terms:
 Aryan
 Holocaust
 ghetto
 Final Solution
 genocide

97. World War II
European Theater
Prelude & November 1942-May 1945

99.  Africa: Allied resistance starts in
Africa, British against Germany & Italy
 The Battle for Stalingrad: Germany
moves to capture Soviet oil fields
 Italy: United States and Brittan use
Africa to launch invasion of Italy

101.  Fighting the war requires
complete use of all
national resources
 18 million U.S. workers —
many of them women —
make weapons
 People at home face
shortages of consumer
goods
 Propaganda aims to
inspire civilians to aid
effort

102. The D-Day
Invasion
D-Day —
June 6, 1944;
day of
“Operation
Overlord”
allied
invasion of
France

103. Special Invasion
(1944)
In 1943 the tide of the
war had turned against
Germany. The Germans
were losing ground
against the Soviets in the
East. British Empire and
US forces invaded Italy,
Germany′s ally. By June
1944 the Allies had
gathered enough troops
and equipment to invade
France and try and drive
the Germans out.
Although they were
successful, losses were
heavy and bitter fighting
would continue until
Germany surrendered in
May 1945.

104.  By 1945, Allied armies
approach Germany from
two sides
 Soviets surround Berlin in
April 1945
 Hitler commits suicide
 On May 9, 1945, Germany
officially surrenders, marking
V-E Day
 President Roosevelt dies in
April (stroke); Truman
becomes president

106.  U.S. takes Philippines in late 1944
 Kamikazes: Japanese pilots who fly
suicide missions
 In March 1945, American forces capture
Iwo Jima
 U.S. takes Okinawa in June 1945; Japan
suffers huge casualties

108.  Advisors warn Truman that invasion
of Japan will cost many lives
 He has alternative; powerful new weapon called
atomic bomb
 Manhattan Project — secret program
 Atomic bomb dropped on Hiroshima, Aug. 6,
1945; 75,000 die
 Nagasaki bombed on Aug. 9; 70,000 die
 Japanese surrender on Sept. 2, 1945

109.  Persecution of Jewish
scientists, sought
asylum
 Einstein, abandoning
his belief in
pacifism, urged then
president Franklin
Roosevelt to develop an
atomic bomb before
Hitler did.
 He later regretted his
support of the A-Bomb.

110. “The Japanese were ready
to surrender and it wasn't
necessary to hit them with
that awful thing.”
General Eisenhower
Advisors warn
Truman that
invasion of Japan
will cost many lives

111. “I made one great
mistake in my life ...
when I signed the letter
to President Roosevelt
recommending that
atom bombs be made;
but there was some
justification - the danger
that the Germans would
make them.”

115.  Nuremberg Trials: trials of 22 Nazi
leaders for war crimes
 Some Nazi leaders executed for their actions

118.  Germany
 Page 942: Circle extent of
Axis-controlled area
 Page 953: Where were
most Holocaust “death
camps”
 Japan
 Page 933: Mark extent of
Japanese expansion
 Midway, 1942
 Hiroshima, 1945
 Nagasaki, 1945
 Italy
 France
 Normandy (D-Day), 1944
 England
 Russia
 Japan
 Pearl Harbor
 Korea, 1950-53
 Vietnam, 1957-73
 Cuba, 1962
 India, 1947
 Israel, 1947