1) The working principle of an alternator is based on Faraday's law of electromagnetic induction, where an alternating current is induced in conductors that rotate within a magnetic field. 2) As a single conductor loop rotates through different positions relative to magnetic poles, the induced current alternates direction, reaching maximum values when perpendicular to magnetic flux lines and reducing to zero when parallel. 3) In an actual alternator, magnetic fields rotate around stationary conductors housed in the stator, inducing alternating current in the conductors which is then output as three-phase power through slip rings and brushes.