This document provides an overview and critical review of routing protocols in wireless sensor networks. It begins with an introduction to wireless sensor networks and their applications. It then discusses several related works on routing protocols. The main body discusses different types of routing protocols, including location-based protocols like MECN and GEAR, hierarchical protocols like LEACH and PEGASIS, and data-centric protocols like SPIN and Directed Diffusion. It provides examples of each type and evaluates them based on factors like energy efficiency, scalability, reliability and more. Finally, it lists references for further reading on routing protocols in wireless sensor networks.

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Dilip Pareek
M.C.A – IV Sem
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A Critical review of
Routing Protocols in Wireless Sensor Network
Research Guide
Dr. Ramesh Chandra Poonia

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Agenda
• Abstract
• Introduction
• Related Work
• Routing Protocols
• Critical Review
• References

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Abstract
Wireless sensor network (WSN) has provide the
opportunity of small-scale and economical sensor
nodes with effectiveness of sensing many type of
physical and situation , process data , and wireless
communication. Wireless sensor network clear the
way for monitoring and managing of physical
environments from distant locations with superior
perfection. The design of a Wireless sensor network is
be dependent on remarkably on the application , and
it must think about factors such as the situation , the
application design objectives , cost , equipment , and
system limitation .

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Introduction
A wireless sensor network is a set of particular transducers
with a transmission infrastructure that utilize radio to monitor
and record environment condition or physical. One of the
most principal technology for the twenty-first century is
Wireless sensor network. It is commonly consists of a huge
number of low-power, multifunctional wireless sensor nodes
and low-cost, with wireless communications , sensing and
estmation capacity .

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Related Work
1. S.K. Singh, M.P. Singh, and D.K. Singh, “A survey of Energy-Efficient
Hierarchical Cluster-basedRouting in Wireless Sensor Networks”,
International Journal of Advanced Networking and Application (IJANA),
Sept.–Oct. 2010, vol. 02, issue 02, pp. 570–580.
In this paper wireless sensor network (WSN)
technology has provided the availability of small and
low-cost sensor nodes with capability of sensing
various types of physical and environmental
conditions, data processing, and wireless
communication.

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2. Neha Rathi , Jyoti Saraswat and Partha Pratim Bhattacharya “A REVIEW ON
ROUTING PROTOCOLS FOR APPLICATION IN WIRELESS SENSOR
NETWORKS” International Journal of Distributed and Parallel Systems
(IJDPS) Vol.3, No.5, September 2012
Wireless sensor networks are harshly restricted by
storage capacity, energy and computing power . In this
paper, a review on routing protocol in WSNs is carried
out which are classified as data-centric, hierarchical and
location based depending on the network structure.

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3. Hussein Mohammed Salman “Survey of routing protocols in wireless sensor
networks “International Journal of Sensors and Sensor Networks Published
online January 20, 2014
WSN is one of the most commonly communication tools
used in many areas at the life, in both civilians and
militaries. These networks composite from a large
number of very small devices called sensor nodes. The
sensor nodes communicate together by many
wirelessly strategies .

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Routing protocols in WSN

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Location-based Protocols
(A) MECN :- Minimum Energy Communication Network
(MECN) structure and keep a minimum energy network
for wireless network by make use of low power GPS .
(B) SMECN :- We have suggest a protocol SMECN that
calculate a network with minimum-energy then that
calculated by the protocol MECN .
(C) GEAR :- Geographic and Energy-Aware Routing (GEAR) is
uses a recursived geographic redirect technique to
distribute the packet .

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Hierarchical Protocols
(A) LEACH :- Low-energy adaptive clustering hierarchy (LEACH) is the most
popular energy-efficient hierarchical clustering algorithm for Wireless Sensor
Networks that was suggest for decrease power consumption.
(B) PEGASIS :- Power-Efficient Gathering in Sensor Information Systems
(PEGASIS) is the better protocol where only one node is select a head node
which sends the used data to the base station(BS) per round .
(C) TEEN :- Threshold Sensitive Energy Efficient Sensor Network Protocol
(TEEN) is a hierarchical clustering protocol , which association sensors into
clusters with each led by a cluster head(CH).
(D) APTEEN :- architecture is same as in TEEN , which apply the concept
hierarchical clustering for energy efficient communication between the sink
and source sensors .

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Data Centric Protocols
(A) SPIN :- Sensor Protocols for Information via Negotiation (SPIN) protocol
was draw to upgrade classic flooding protocols and control the problems they
may justified .
(B) Directed Diffusion :- It is a data-centric routing protocols for processing
and sensor query dissemination .
(C) Rumor Routing :- It is a relevant adjustment between event flooding
and query flooding app schemes
(D) ACQUIRE :- Active Query Forwarding in Sensor Network (ACQUIRE) is
one more data-centric querying mechanism used for querying named data .

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Critical Review
Name Type of
protocols
Energy Redun
dant
data
Scalabil
ity
Power
usage
Relibali
ty
Relibali
ty
MECH Location
based
Reduced
energy
consum
ption
Limited Limited Limited Good Proactive
type
Directed
diffusion
Data-
cenetric
Low
energy
efficient
than
SPIN
Limited Limited Limited High Small
interval
basis
LEACH Hierarchica
l protocols
Energy
efficient
Limited Limited Limited Good Duration
based

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References
1. S.K. Singh, M.P. Singh, and D.K. Singh, “A survey of
Energy-Efficient Hierarchical Cluster-basedRouting in
Wireless Sensor Networks”, International Journal of
Advanced Networking and Application (IJANA), Sept.–Oct.
2010, vol. 02, issue 02, pp. 570–580.
2. Jun Zheng and Abbas Jamalipour, “Wireless Sensor
Networks: A Networking Perspective”, a book published by A
John & Sons, Inc, and IEEEE, 2009.
3. Ivan Stojmenovic and Stephan Olariu. Data-centric
protocols for wireless sensor networks. In Handbook of
Sensor Networks, Chapter 13, pages 417–456. Wiley,
2005.

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4. Ming Liu, Jiannong Cao, Guihai Chen, and Xiaomin Wang,
“An Energy-Aware Routing Protocol in Wireless Sensor
Networks”, Sensors 2009, vol. 9, pp. 445-462.
5. Luis Javier García Villalba, Ana Lucila Sandoval Orozco,
Alicia Triviño Cabrera, and Cláudia Jacy Barenco Abbas,
“Routing Protocol in Wireless Sensor Networks”, Sensors
2009, vol. 9, pp. 8399-8421.
6. Jamal Al-Karaki, and Ahmed E. Kamal, “Routing
Techniques in Wireless Sensor Networks: A
Survey“, IEEE Communications Magazine, vol 11, no.
6, Dec. 2004, pp. 6-28.

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ANY QUESTIONS?

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THANK YOU