Implementation and analysis of wsn routing Protocol

1. Implementation and analysis of
WSN Routing Based Protocol
Pawan Kumar Tiwari
Class MCA
Sem 4th

2. The Definition of WSN
consist of large amount of sensor nodes
Multi-hop, self-organize
wireless communication
cooperative sensing, collection, process
Send to observe.
A wireless sensor network (WSN) is a wireless network consisting of
spatially distributed autonomous devices using sensors to monitor physical or
environmental conditions. A WSN system incorporates a gateway that
provides wireless connectivity back to the wired world and distributed nodes

3. OBJECTIVE
 Understand about the basics of Ad hoc network, various standards and different
routing protocols including proactive and reactive
 Analyze the trace file and they can check the entire time duration of the simulation
 Determine the best possible path in terms of minimizing the number of hops (path
length), delay, packet loss, cost
 Energy-aware routing increase the lifetime of the network.
 Minimum cost forwarding.

4. The difference between WSN and
Ad hoc
The number of nodes
Sensor nodes are densely deployed
Sensor nodes are prone to failures
The topology of a sensor network changes very frequently
WSN broadcast but ad hoc point-to point
Sensor node are limited in power computation capacities and memory
 Sensor nodes may not have global identification

5. What is network simulator
•A network simulator is software that predicts the behavior of
a computer network. Since communication Networks have
become too complex for traditional analytical methods to
provide an accurate understanding of system behavior network
simulator are used.
•In simulators, the computer network is typically modeled with
devices, links, applications etc. and the performance is analysed.
Simulators typically come with support for the most popular
technologies and networks in use today.

6. Reasons to use NS2 as a platform
•Real time Implementation
•Discrete - Event Simulation
•Plumbing makes NS2 a powerful tool
•Event Scheduler
•Time Synchronization
•Cost effective
•Object Oriented

7. Routing protocol survey
•Traditional technique
Flooding
Gossiping
•Current routing technique
Flat-routing
Hierarchical-routing
Location-based routing

8. Flooding
•A classical mechanisms to relay data in sensor
networks without the need for any routing
algorithms and topology maintenance.
•Drawbacks:
•Implosion
•Overlap
•Resource blindness

9. Gossiping
•A slightly enhanced version of flooding where the
receiving node sends the packet to a randomly selected
neighbor which picks another neighbor to forward the
packet to and so on.
Advantage: avoid the implosion
Drawback: Transmission delay

10. Routing Challenges and Design Issues
in WSNs
The design of routing protocols in WSNs is influenced by many
challenging factors. These factors must be overcome before efficient
communication can be achieved in WSNs.
Node deployment
Energy considerations
Data delivery model
Node/link heterogeneity
Fault tolerance
Scalability
Network dynamics
Transmission media
Connectivity
Quality of service

11. ADVANTAGES
WSN offers several advantages over traditional circuit switching
networks. These includes-
Avoids a lot of wiring
Can accommodate new devices at any time
Flexible to go through physical partitions
It can be accessed through a centralized monitor
Infrastructure

12. Wireless node

13. Transmission of Packets

14. FUTURE SCOPE
 More research work needs to be done in future.
 Needs to be implemented in a wireless sensor network with mobile
nodes.
 The effects of very large node densities need to be investigated.
 The feasibility of using the clustering technique and data aggregation
needs to be tested in the same wireless sensor network.

15. Application of WSN
Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA)
 Monitoring friendly forces, equipment and ammunition.
 Battlefield surveillance
 Nuclear, biological and chemical attack detection and reconnaissance etc.
Environmental applications
 Forest fire detection
 Flood detection
Health applications
 Telemonitoring of human physiological data
 Tracking and monitoring patients and doctors inside a hospital
Home applications
 Home automation
 Smart environment

16. REFERENCES
COMPUTR NETWORKS fourth edition (Andrew S. Tanenbaum)
Websites:
http://www.isi.edu/nsnam/ns/tutorial/index.html
www.webopedia.com
www.wikipedia.com
http://slogix.in/ns2-wireless-sample-programs/index.html