Wireless phone standards have a life of their own. You can tell, because they are spoken of reverently in terms of generations. There's Great-Granddad, whose pioneering story pre-dates cellular; Grandma and Grandpa 1G, or analog cellular, Mom and Dad 2G, or digital cellular; 3G wireless, 4G, 5G and so on. This is a survey report PPT on these technology.
This is a power point Presentation about wifi and the various standards of IEEE used for the transmission of data over the wireless network.
You must have encountered with term 802.11.a/b/g/n of your wireless network device.
This presentation will break the ice for your knowledge about those terms, their standards and how they get connected.
Let's Get Started.
Wireless communications is a type of data communication that is performed and delivered wirelessly. This is a broad term that incorporates all procedures and forms of connecting and communicating between two or more devices using a wireless signal through wireless communication technologies and devices.
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This is a power point Presentation about wifi and the various standards of IEEE used for the transmission of data over the wireless network.
You must have encountered with term 802.11.a/b/g/n of your wireless network device.
This presentation will break the ice for your knowledge about those terms, their standards and how they get connected.
Let's Get Started.
Wireless communications is a type of data communication that is performed and delivered wirelessly. This is a broad term that incorporates all procedures and forms of connecting and communicating between two or more devices using a wireless signal through wireless communication technologies and devices.
↓↓↓↓ Read More:
Watch my videos on snack here: --> --> http://sck.io/x-B1f0Iy
@ Kindly Follow my Instagram Page to discuss about your mental health problems-
-----> https://instagram.com/mentality_streak?utm_medium=copy_link
@ Appreciate my work:
-----> behance.net/burhanahmed1
Thank-you !
Wireless communication is the transfer of information between two or more points that are not connected by an electrical conductor.
The most common wireless technologies use radio
Wireless communication is the transfer of information between two or more points that are not connected by an electrical conductor.
The most common wireless technologies use radio
A presentation on wired and wireless technologies, it was little hard for me to find out what was necessary for my from slideshare to get , so i made one my own
3G is the next generation of technology which has revolutionized the telecommunication industry. Apart from increasing the speed of communication, the objective of this technology is to provide various value-added services like video calling, live streaming, mobile internet access, IPTV, etc on the mobile phones. These services are possible because the 3G spectrum provides the necessary bandwidth.
Seminar report on Millimeter Wave mobile communications for 5g cellularraghubraghu
The global bandwidth shortage facing wireless communication has motivated the exploration of the unutilized frequencies present in the frequency spectrum; this exploration has lead to the use of millimeter wave (mm-wave) frequency spectrum for future broadband cellular communication networks
Welcome to WIPAC Monthly the magazine brought to you by the LinkedIn Group Water Industry Process Automation & Control.
In this month's edition, along with this month's industry news to celebrate the 13 years since the group was created we have articles including
A case study of the used of Advanced Process Control at the Wastewater Treatment works at Lleida in Spain
A look back on an article on smart wastewater networks in order to see how the industry has measured up in the interim around the adoption of Digital Transformation in the Water Industry.
Democratizing Fuzzing at Scale by Abhishek Aryaabh.arya
Presented at NUS: Fuzzing and Software Security Summer School 2024
This keynote talks about the democratization of fuzzing at scale, highlighting the collaboration between open source communities, academia, and industry to advance the field of fuzzing. It delves into the history of fuzzing, the development of scalable fuzzing platforms, and the empowerment of community-driven research. The talk will further discuss recent advancements leveraging AI/ML and offer insights into the future evolution of the fuzzing landscape.
Hybrid optimization of pumped hydro system and solar- Engr. Abdul-Azeez.pdffxintegritypublishin
Advancements in technology unveil a myriad of electrical and electronic breakthroughs geared towards efficiently harnessing limited resources to meet human energy demands. The optimization of hybrid solar PV panels and pumped hydro energy supply systems plays a pivotal role in utilizing natural resources effectively. This initiative not only benefits humanity but also fosters environmental sustainability. The study investigated the design optimization of these hybrid systems, focusing on understanding solar radiation patterns, identifying geographical influences on solar radiation, formulating a mathematical model for system optimization, and determining the optimal configuration of PV panels and pumped hydro storage. Through a comparative analysis approach and eight weeks of data collection, the study addressed key research questions related to solar radiation patterns and optimal system design. The findings highlighted regions with heightened solar radiation levels, showcasing substantial potential for power generation and emphasizing the system's efficiency. Optimizing system design significantly boosted power generation, promoted renewable energy utilization, and enhanced energy storage capacity. The study underscored the benefits of optimizing hybrid solar PV panels and pumped hydro energy supply systems for sustainable energy usage. Optimizing the design of solar PV panels and pumped hydro energy supply systems as examined across diverse climatic conditions in a developing country, not only enhances power generation but also improves the integration of renewable energy sources and boosts energy storage capacities, particularly beneficial for less economically prosperous regions. Additionally, the study provides valuable insights for advancing energy research in economically viable areas. Recommendations included conducting site-specific assessments, utilizing advanced modeling tools, implementing regular maintenance protocols, and enhancing communication among system components.
Industrial Training at Shahjalal Fertilizer Company Limited (SFCL)MdTanvirMahtab2
This presentation is about the working procedure of Shahjalal Fertilizer Company Limited (SFCL). A Govt. owned Company of Bangladesh Chemical Industries Corporation under Ministry of Industries.
Event Management System Vb Net Project Report.pdfKamal Acharya
In present era, the scopes of information technology growing with a very fast .We do not see any are untouched from this industry. The scope of information technology has become wider includes: Business and industry. Household Business, Communication, Education, Entertainment, Science, Medicine, Engineering, Distance Learning, Weather Forecasting. Carrier Searching and so on.
My project named “Event Management System” is software that store and maintained all events coordinated in college. It also helpful to print related reports. My project will help to record the events coordinated by faculties with their Name, Event subject, date & details in an efficient & effective ways.
In my system we have to make a system by which a user can record all events coordinated by a particular faculty. In our proposed system some more featured are added which differs it from the existing system such as security.
Sachpazis:Terzaghi Bearing Capacity Estimation in simple terms with Calculati...Dr.Costas Sachpazis
Terzaghi's soil bearing capacity theory, developed by Karl Terzaghi, is a fundamental principle in geotechnical engineering used to determine the bearing capacity of shallow foundations. This theory provides a method to calculate the ultimate bearing capacity of soil, which is the maximum load per unit area that the soil can support without undergoing shear failure. The Calculation HTML Code included.
About
Indigenized remote control interface card suitable for MAFI system CCR equipment. Compatible for IDM8000 CCR. Backplane mounted serial and TCP/Ethernet communication module for CCR remote access. IDM 8000 CCR remote control on serial and TCP protocol.
• Remote control: Parallel or serial interface.
• Compatible with MAFI CCR system.
• Compatible with IDM8000 CCR.
• Compatible with Backplane mount serial communication.
• Compatible with commercial and Defence aviation CCR system.
• Remote control system for accessing CCR and allied system over serial or TCP.
• Indigenized local Support/presence in India.
• Easy in configuration using DIP switches.
Technical Specifications
Indigenized remote control interface card suitable for MAFI system CCR equipment. Compatible for IDM8000 CCR. Backplane mounted serial and TCP/Ethernet communication module for CCR remote access. IDM 8000 CCR remote control on serial and TCP protocol.
Key Features
Indigenized remote control interface card suitable for MAFI system CCR equipment. Compatible for IDM8000 CCR. Backplane mounted serial and TCP/Ethernet communication module for CCR remote access. IDM 8000 CCR remote control on serial and TCP protocol.
• Remote control: Parallel or serial interface
• Compatible with MAFI CCR system
• Copatiable with IDM8000 CCR
• Compatible with Backplane mount serial communication.
• Compatible with commercial and Defence aviation CCR system.
• Remote control system for accessing CCR and allied system over serial or TCP.
• Indigenized local Support/presence in India.
Application
• Remote control: Parallel or serial interface.
• Compatible with MAFI CCR system.
• Compatible with IDM8000 CCR.
• Compatible with Backplane mount serial communication.
• Compatible with commercial and Defence aviation CCR system.
• Remote control system for accessing CCR and allied system over serial or TCP.
• Indigenized local Support/presence in India.
• Easy in configuration using DIP switches.
Overview of the fundamental roles in Hydropower generation and the components involved in wider Electrical Engineering.
This paper presents the design and construction of hydroelectric dams from the hydrologist’s survey of the valley before construction, all aspects and involved disciplines, fluid dynamics, structural engineering, generation and mains frequency regulation to the very transmission of power through the network in the United Kingdom.
Author: Robbie Edward Sayers
Collaborators and co editors: Charlie Sims and Connor Healey.
(C) 2024 Robbie E. Sayers
Forklift Classes Overview by Intella PartsIntella Parts
Discover the different forklift classes and their specific applications. Learn how to choose the right forklift for your needs to ensure safety, efficiency, and compliance in your operations.
For more technical information, visit our website https://intellaparts.com
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Wireless network ppt
1. BASIL JOHN
III-YEAR B.Tech E.C.E
Bharathiyar College Of Engineering
and
Technology,Karaikal,Pondicherry.
1
2. • YEAR ENROLLED: 2011
• LOCATION: KERALA
• AREAS OF INTEREST: Electronic Devices, wireless communication, Basic
Electronics, Digital Electronics.
• OTHER INTERESTS: Sports (badminton, fitness exercises), watch TV series and
movie.
• E-mail: basiljohn008@gmail.com
• SOCIAL:
• www.facebook.com/Basilubasu
• www.plus.google.com/u/0/+BASILJOHN
• http://www.linkedin.com/profile/view?id=330009212
04/21/14 2
3. Introduction
Communication Devices
Wireless System Evolution
1G - 5G Wireless Systems
Types of networks
Wireless PAN
Wireless LAN
Wireless MAN
Wireless WAN
Communication in India
Conclusion
4. Telecommunications
- is the key enabler of economic and social development
of a nation
- increase the efficiency of commercial and
administrative activities
- improve the effectiveness of social and emergency
services
- distribute the social, cultural and economic benefits of
the process of development more equitably throughout
the country
- provides universal service for rural and remote
communities
7. 1)Fixed and Wired
(e.g.) desktop uses fixed networks
2)Mobile and Wired
(e.g.) Laptop connected using telephone and modem
3)Fixed and Wireless
(e.g.)a network in historical buildings
4)Mobile and Wireless
(e.g.) Cellular network
8. Communication without wires
Wires are replaced by electromagnetic waves
electromagnetic waves carry a signal through atmospheric
space
use radio frequency RF waves, which ranges from
3 kHz to 300 GHz
or infrared IR, which ranges from 3 THz to 430 THz
10. Two types of mobility: i)Device portability
ii)User Mobility
no mobility high mobility
mobile wireless user,
using same access
point
mobile user, passing
through multiple
access point while
maintaining ongoing
connections
mobile user,
connecting/
disconnecting from
network
Mobility Spectrum
13. 1. Regulatory Authorities
2.The operator or the Service Provider
3. The user or the subscriber
4.Equipment Vendors (network equipment and user
device)
5. Research Organizations
14.
15. Appeared in late 1970s and deployed in early 1980s
All based on analog techniques
All used FDMA
Operates at 450-900 MHz frequency band
System capacity is low
Data rate is <10 kbps
16. The geographical area divided into cells
Each with own antenna
Each with own range of frequencies
Served by base station - Transmitter, receiver, control
unit to carry out actual radio communications with the
device
Adjacent cells on different frequencies to avoid crosstalk
Mobile Switching Center Controls all calls attached to this
device, Maintains billing information &Switches calls
PSTN Public Switched Telephone Network
19. AMPS: Advanced Mobile Phone System
- by AT&T Bell Labs in 1970s deployed in 1983
-the number of users that can be supported was limited.
-used all over the world & popular in South America, China
and Australia.
ETACS: European Total Access Communication Systems. -
channel bandwidth is scaled to 25 kHz instead of 30 kHz as
in AMPS.
20. Deployed in mid 1990s
Fully Digital network elements
TDMA/CDMA for spectrum sharing; Circuit switching
Operates at 900-1800 MHz frequency band
3-times increase in overall system capacity.
supported voice-centric services and limited data-service,
like short messages(SMS), FAX, etc.
<9.6 kbps data rates
21. GSM (Global System for Mobile communications)
- TDMA system, serves as the pan-European cellular service,
provides a wide range of network service, including phone
service, FAX, short message service. Support 24.7 kbps data
rate.
USDC IS-136 (United States Digital Cellular)
-a TDMA system, similar to AMPS, it supports more users (6
times) with improved performance. Provides access to VPN,
supports short messages. Support 48.6 kbps data rate.
IS-95 (United States Digital Cellular Standard )
-a CDMA standard also designed to be compatible with
AMPS through using of CDMA/AMPS dual mode phones and
base stations. Capacity is 8~10 times that of AMPS. Support
14.4 kbps data rate.
22. BSCBTS
Base transceiver station (BTS)
Base station controller (BSC)
Mobile Switching Center (MSC)
Mobile subscribers
Base station system (BSS)
Legend
2G (voice) network architecture
MSC
Public
telephone
network
Gateway
MSC
G
23. 2G is developed for voice communications
We can send data over 2G channels by using
modem
Increased data rates are required for internet
application
24. Compared to 2G systems 2.5G provide high speed data
communications and continuous connection to internet
Fully Digital
<115kbps data rates
GSM to GPRS; Analog AMPS to CDPD
Services:
1.WAP(Wireless Application Protocol) access
2.MMS (Multimedia Messaging Service)
3.Internet communication service like web,email
25. CDPD (Cellular Digital Packet Data), a data service for 1st
and 2nd generation US cellular systems without additional
bandwidth requirement, packet channels are dynamically
assigned to idle voice channels. Support 48.6kbps data rate
as in IS-136.
GPRS(General Packet Radio Service), based on GSM by
allowing multiple slots of a GSM radio channel be dedicated
to an individual user, promises data rate from 56 kbps to
114kbps---continuous connection to the Internet for mobile
phone and computer users, easy access to VPN (Virtual
Private Network).
EDGE (Enhanced Data Rates for GSM Evolution), providing
384kbps rate by using improved modulation and relaxed
error control. Also referred to as EGPRS.
CDMA one (IS-95B): Providing high speed data access on a
common CDMA radio channel by dedicating multiple
orthogonal user channels for specific users or specific
purposes. Support 115.2kbps.
26. 2.5G (voice+data) network architecture
BSC
MSC
SGSN
Public
telephone
network
Gateway
MSC
G
Serving GPRS Support Node (SGSN)
Gateway GPRS Support Node (GGSN)
Public
Internet
GGSN
G
The new cellular data network voice
network & data network operates in
parallel
27.
28. Simultanous voice and data transmission
Faster Internet access -Interactive web sessions
Video calling
Multimedia Content - voice, data & video
Universal global roaming
384kbps while moving 2Mbps when stationary
3G phones
Apple I phone 3G,
LG KF 750,
Nokia 5800 express music,
Blackberry bold 9000
30. UMTS (Universal Mobile Telecommunications System) - 3GPP
-A wideband CDMA (5MHz) standard based on the network
fundamentals of GSM/EDGE, is designed to provide backward
compatibility with GSM, IS-136, GPRS and EDGE. Can support
2Mbps data rate. New RF equipment needed.
CDMA 2000 - 3GPP2 Use same bandwidth as IS-95 or 3 adjacent
1.25MHz channels (3-times bandwidth as that of IS-95) to provide
instantaneous packet data access at 144kbps or 2Mbps. No
additional RF equipment needed, changes are all made in software
or baseband hardware.
TD-SCDMA (Time-division Synchronous CDMA) A standard
proposed by CATT (China Academy and Telecommunications
Technology) and Siemens Corporation. Relies on the existing GSM
infrastructure and allows 3G data access by adding high data rate
equipment (smart antennas) at each GSM station. Support up to
384kbps of packet data
31.
32.
33. Highly integrated
High bandwidth / high-speed wireless
Highly compatible with wired network infrastructures
provides mobile ultra-broadband Internet access
Integration of multi-networks using IP technology
applications include mobile web access, IP telephony,
gaming services, high-definition mobile TV, video
conferencing and 3D television.
34. commercially deployed:
i) the Mobile WiMAX standard &
ii)Long Term Evolution (LTE) standard
In Australia, Telstra launched the country's first 4G
network (LTE) in September 2011 claiming 2–40 Mbps
speeds
In India, Bharti Airtel has launched India's first 4G service
using TD-LTE technology in Kolkata on 10 April 2012.