WAP is a standard that allows users to easily access information and services on the internet from their mobile phones. It was created by wireless and internet companies to provide a common protocol for internet access from cellular devices. The WAP architecture is based on web standards and aims to deliver internet content and applications to a wide range of mobile technologies in a scalable, interoperable, efficient and secure manner. However, future user demands for transmitting pictures and video may challenge WAP's capabilities and it could be overtaken by technologies like GPRS or UMTS that can better handle multimedia content.

1. Wireless Application
Protocol – WAP
BY
• D.S.ANUCIA DEVI
• B.TECT( CSE )

2.  INTRODUCTION
 MOBILE APPLICATION
 WHAT IS WAP?
 WTA FEATURES
WHAT IS WSP?
 IMPORTANCE OF WAP
 BENEFITS OF WAP
 REFERENCE AND RESOURCES
 CONCLUSION

3. • WAP is a hot topic that has been widely hyped
in the mobile industry and outside of it.
• It has become imperative for all Information
Technology companies in Nordic countries
and beyond to have a WAP division.
• Many advertising agencies and "dotcoms"
have announced WAP services.

4.  Vehicles
◦ transmission of news, road condition etc
◦ ad-hoc network with near vehicles to prevent
accidents
 Emergencies
◦ early transmission of patient data to the hospital
◦ ad-hoc network in case of earthquakes, cyclones
◦ military ...
 Traveling salesmen
◦ direct access to central customer files
◦ consistent databases for all agents
◦ mobile office

5.  Empowers mobile users with wireless devices to easily
access and interact with information and services.
 A “standard” created by wireless and Internet companies
to enable Internet access from a cellular phone
 wapforum.org:
◦ co-founded by Ericsson, Motorola, Nokia, Phone.com
◦ 450 members in 2000, comprise of Handset manufacturers,
Wireless service providers, ISPs, Software companies in the
wireless industry
◦ Goals
 deliver Internet services to mobile devices
 enable applications to scale across a variety of transport
options and device types
 independence from wireless network standards
 GSM, CDMA IS-95, TDMA IS-136, 3G systems (UMTS, W-CDMA)

6. Origin Servers
web
server
other content
server
Gateway Client
WTA
user agent
WML
user agent
other
WAE
user agents
Push proxy
encoded
request
request
encoded
response
with
content
response
with
content
push
content
encoded
push
content
Method proxy
encoders
&
decoders

7.  Extension of basic WAE application model
◦ network model for interaction
 client requests to server
 event signaling: server can push content to the client
◦ event handling
 table indicating how to react on certain events from the
network
 client may now be able to handle unknown events
◦ TAI includes:
◦ Call control
◦ Network text messaging
◦ Phone book interface
◦ Event processing
 Security model: segregation
◦ Separate WTA browser
◦ Separate WTA port

8. Internet WAP
A-SAP
Application Layer (WAE)
S-SAP
Session Layer (WSP)
TR-SAP
Transaction Layer (WTP)
Security Layer (WTLS)
HTML, Java
HTTP
additional services
and applications
SEC-SAP
T-SAP
TCP/IP, Transport Layer (WDP)
UDP/IP,
media
Bearers (GSM, CDPD, ...)
SSL/TLS
WCMP
WAE comprises WML (Wireless Markup Language), WML Script, WTAI etc.

9.  Goals
◦ HTTP 1.1 functionality
 Request/reply, content type negotiation, ...
◦ support of client/server transactions, push technology
◦ key management, authentication, Internet security services
 WSP Services
◦ provides shared state between client and server, optimizes
content transfer
◦ session management (establish, release, suspend, resume)
◦ efficient capability negotiation
◦ content encoding
◦ push
 WSP/B (Browsing)
◦ HTTP/1.1 functionality - but binary encoded
◦ exchange of session headers
◦ push and pull data transfer
◦ asynchronous requests

10.  It provides a standardized way of linking the
Internet to mobile phones, thereby linking
two of the hottest industries anywhere.
 Its founder members include the major
wireless vendors of Nokia, Ericsson and
Motorola, plus a newcomer Phone.com.

11. • END USER:
• Mobile phones have become dominant tools in
communications and at the same time the internet has become a
de facto platform for information.
• By adopting a common protocol the end user will be provided
with more value added services which are easy to access and
easy to use directly from mobile phone Telephony oriented
services will be made easier to understand and to use.
• OPERATORS:
• The operators can differentiate by launching special services, for
example for banking stock trading, directory services etc.
• A further differentiation is that the protocol makes it possible to
tailor-make specific menus with in the mobile phones,
facilitating the use of the services. This customization can be
made over the air.

12.  Books
◦ Mobile communications: Jochen Schiller, Addison Wesley 2000
◦ Understanding WAP:
 Official Website (specifications)
◦ www.wapforum.org
 Technical/Developer Info and tools
◦ www.palopt.com.au/wap
◦ www.wap.net
 Major players
◦ www.nokia.com/wap
◦ www.ericsson.se/wap
◦ phone.com
 Open Source effort
◦ www.wapgateway.org (Kennel WAP gateway project)

13. • The WAP technology has a structured architecture designed and
is based on the standards of the original WWW model.
• Since the technology has been developed by the WAP Forum, it
has become a technology with an architecture that is scalable,
interoperable, efficient, reliable and secure.
• In the future we will see the technology a part of the day today
life and the users of the wireless terminals will be able to read
news, buy consort tickets and get access to intra and extranet.
However the WAP technology in the near future will meet the
user requirements that it will have difficulties to deliver.
• The need for sending pictures and video is increasing day by day
and hence WAP technology may be overtaken by some other
technologies which have the aforementioned capabilities such as
GPRS or UMTS.

14. -BY
D.S.ANUCIA DEVI