Wireless Application Protocol (WAP) is a standard for accessing information on the Internet via wireless devices like mobile phones. It uses protocols like WTP, WSP, WML and WTLS to provide an optimized experience for narrowband devices. Some key applications of WAP include banking, email, news, and mobile commerce. While it provides portability and convenience, WAP also faces challenges from small screens and slow speeds.

1. Wireless
ApplicAtion
protocol
1

2. definition
Wireless Application Protocol
“set of rules governing the transmission
and reception of data by computer
application on via wireless devices like
mobile phones “
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3. WhAt is WAp?
is an application communication protocol.
is used to access services and information.
is inherited from Internet standards.
is for handheld devices such as mobile phones.
is device independent, network independent.
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4. continued…
is the leading standard for information services on wireless
terminals like digital mobile phones.
is a protocol designed for micro browsers.
enables the creating of web applications for mobile devices.
uses the mark-up language WML (not HTML).
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5. history of WAp
WAP is published by the WAP Forum, founded in 1997 by
Ericsson, Motorola, Nokia, and Unwired Planet.
Forum members now represent over 90% of the global handset
market, as well as leading infrastructure providers, software
developers and other organizations.
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6. WAp forum members
CCL
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7. GoAls of WAp
According to the WAP Forum, the goals of WAP are to be:
Open to all.
Independent of wireless network standard.
Proposed to the appropriate standards bodies.
Scalable across transport options.
Scalable across device types.
Extensible over time to new networks and transports.
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8. internet model
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9. WAp model
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10. WAp GAteWAy/proxy
Its an entity that connects the wireless domain with the
Internet.
WSP is a binary version of HTTP.
The Wireless Markup Language (WML) has been adapted to
develop optimized WAP applications.
Encoding WML is one of the tasks performed by the WAP
Gateway/Proxy.
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11. hoW it Works?
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12. feAtures of WAp
1. Interoperability: WAP is an open license-free standard,
which ensures that WAP-compliant devices are interoperable.
2. Scalability: WAP applications scale across a variety of
wireless transport options like GSM SMS, GSM USSD, IP,
CDMA, etc., and also across a wide range of wireless
terminals from hand sets to powerful PDAs.
3. Extensibility: WAP has been designed as a future-proof
technology. It is extensible over time to new networks and
transports thereby protecting the mobile network
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13. continued…
4. Flexibility: WAP is a flexible solution that caters to the
requirements of various types of applications by providing
service options like connection mode and connection-less
services, with or without end-to-end security.
5. Reusability: WAP specification extends and adapts existing
Internet standards such as HTTP, IP, Proxy technology, SSL,
TLS, XML, HTML, etc., to wireless environment instead of
defining a new set of standards.
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14. WAp lAyered Architecture
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15. WAp protocols
• Wireless Application Environment (WAE).
To build services in wireless domain
comprises of multiple components to provide facilities like,
• User agent
• Wireless Markup Language
• WMLScript
• Wireless Telephony Application
• WAP Push Architecture
• Content Formats
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16. WAp push ApplicAtion
behAviour
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17. hoW the push operAtion is
performed ?
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18. continued…
• WSP (Wireless Session Protocol)
Provides the application layer of WAP with a consistent
interface for two session services.
A connection-oriented service that operates above the
transaction layer protocol WTP.
A connectionless service that operates above a secure or
non-secure datagram service (WDP).
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19. continued…
• WTP (Wireless Transaction Protocol)
Provide efficient request/reply based transport mechanism
suitable for devices with limited resources over networks
with low to medium bandwidth.
WTP Push mode allows server to “push” data to a client
without request
WTP/WDP uses less than half the packets that TCP/IP
uses to transfer the same amount of data.
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20. continued…
• WTLS (Wireless Transport Layer Security)
Is a security protocol ,Derived from Secure Sockets Layer
(SSL).
WTLS is intended for use with the WAP transport
protocols and has been optimized for use over narrow-band
communication channels.
It provides the following features,
->data integrity
->privacy
->authentication
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21. continued…
• WDP (Wireless Datagram Protocol)
The Transport layer protocol in the WAP architecture
Provides a common interface to the Security, Session, and
Application layers
Able to function independently of the underlying wireless
network.
This is the key to global interoperability can be achieved
using mediating gateways
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22. compArision
Protocol Web WAP
Layers
Markup Languages HTML WML
Scripting languages VBScript ,JavaScript WMLScript
Session and transaction HTTP WSP,WTP
layers
Security TLS-SSL WTLS
Delivery Service TCP,UDP WDP
IP Bearer
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23. usAGe
-Corporate Applications: Sales force automation where sales
people use their WAP enabled handsets to get instant, direct
access to the latest pricing, latest news, competitive
information any time, anywhere.
- Online Services:
Banking: Users can get their current balance, transfer
funds between accounts and receive fax of a mini-statement.
Electronic Commerce: Subscribers can use their handset
just like their PC to purchase products and services over the
Web.
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24. continued…
-Tele services
Prepaid Services: With a WAP-enabled phone, prepaid
subscribers can see their current balance with the press of a
button. By pressing another button, they can also recharge
their account by entering a credit card or voucher number into
the handset.
-Personal Productivity
Email: Using WAP users can keep track of their email
right from their handset.
-Others include:
- Interactive Chat
- Auctions
- Games 24

25. benefits
2. Portability
3. Easy to use
4. Access to a wide variety of services on a competitive market
5. The possibility of having personalised services
6. Fast, convenient, and efficient access to services
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26. drAWbAcks
• Small screens: For web phones, there's an incredibly
small viewing area; palmtops are barely better.
• Speed of access: All devices have slow access.
• Limited or fragmented availability: Wireless web
access is sporadic in many areas and entirely
unavailable in other areas.
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27. ApplicAtions
Some of the interesting applications of WAP (already existing
or being worked on) are:
• Computer Sciences Corporation (CSC) and Nokia are
working with a Finnish fashion retailer who plans to send
clothing offers direct to mobile telephones using a
combination of cursors, touch screen technology and WAP to
allow would-be shoppers to hot-link to order-entry pages on
the web.
• In Finland, children already play new versions of competitive
games such as "Battleships", via the cellular networks. In the
music world, Virgin Mobile in the UK offers to download the
latest pop hits to customers in a daily offering.
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28. continued…
• Scala has developed several WAP products for small to
medium-sized companies which would allow, for example, a
field sales force to access customer order information and
stock availability details via a WAP handset.
• A key growth area for the technology will be business-to-
workforce, with companies using WAP applications to reach
employees at any time. Scala is currently working on time-
sheet applications and techniques for entering and filing
expense claims via the mobile phone.
• Nokia says applications that will benefit from WAP include
customer care and provisioning, message notification and call
management, e-mail, mapping and location services, weather
and traffic alerts, sports. 28

29. exAmples of WAp use
 Checking train table information
 Ticket purchase
 Flight check in
 Viewing traffic information
 Checking weather conditions
 Looking up stock values
 Looking up phone numbers
 Looking up addresses
 Looking up sport results
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30. references
 “Mobile Computing Technology, Applications and Service
Creation”-Mc Graw Hill 2nd Editon –Asoke K Talukder,Hasan
Ahmed, Roopa R Yavagal
 “WAP A BEGINNER’S GUIDE”-TATA McGraw Hill-DALE
BULBOOK
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