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The document discusses digitization practices in India, including issues and challenges. It provides an overview of the Center for Development of Advanced Computing's (C-DAC) digital library activities in Noida, India. Some key points include:
- C-DAC is involved in various digital library projects in India to digitize libraries and create digital collections. This helps to preserve content and provide broader access.
- Creating digital libraries involves challenges like copyright issues, file formats, storage media, and building large collections while integrating print and digital materials.
- Other challenges are establishing digital library services, training users and librarians, and addressing legal and policy problems around digital content.
- The government of India funds
This presentation is made during the 4th CERN-UNESCO School on Digital libraries 2016. African libraries are invited to focus more in content, especially the local one, rather than software issues when they build digital libraries.
Planning and Implementing a Digital Library ProjectJenn Riley
This document provides an overview of planning and implementing a digital library project. It discusses establishing goals and objectives, planning activities such as selecting content and writing proposals, implementing digitization, and evaluating projects. The document was presented as part of a workshop on digital library projects, and provides guidance on various aspects of the planning and implementation process.
This document provides an overview of digital libraries, including their definition, characteristics, infrastructure, formats, standards, benefits, and limitations. A digital library is a collection of digital objects that can be accessed online, along with methods for organizing and maintaining the collection. It functions similarly to a traditional library but provides remote access to resources through computer and network infrastructure. Examples of digital libraries in India are also given.
This topic was presented at a "Workshop On Best Practices in Library: Digital Library" Organised by Rabindra Library, Assam University, Silchar on November 29, 2013
Hartley Presentation on Cataloging & Metadata Trendsrshartley
The document discusses recent trends in cataloging and metadata, including the transition away from MARC standards. MARC is described as a "senior citizen" that is ready to be replaced by newer data models that allow for more web visibility and a richer experience for library patrons. Initiatives like RDA, BIBFRAME, and linked data aim to make library collections more accessible online. The benefits of these changes include more accurate, effective, and timely services for patrons through improved description of resources and sharing of catalog data on the web.
A digital library is a collection of digital objects like text, images, audio, and video that are organized and accessible electronically. The document discusses the genesis and early development of digital libraries from the ideas of Vannevar Bush and J.C.R. Licklider in the 1940s-1960s. It also covers the objectives and scope of digital libraries, which aim to provide broad access to information through services and collections available via electronic means. Key input devices for digitizing materials include scanners, digital cameras, and video cameras.
This document provides an overview of digital libraries, including definitions, benefits, limitations, components, standards, and challenges. It defines a digital library as a collection of information stored and accessed electronically, extending the functions of a traditional library digitally. Benefits include improved access, information sharing, and preservation, while limitations include technological obsolescence and rights management. Key components discussed include digital objects, metadata, and tools like DSpace and Greenstone for developing digital libraries. Emerging standards around identifiers, encoding, and metadata are also summarized.
The document discusses digitization practices in India, including issues and challenges. It provides an overview of the Center for Development of Advanced Computing's (C-DAC) digital library activities in Noida, India. Some key points include:
- C-DAC is involved in various digital library projects in India to digitize libraries and create digital collections. This helps to preserve content and provide broader access.
- Creating digital libraries involves challenges like copyright issues, file formats, storage media, and building large collections while integrating print and digital materials.
- Other challenges are establishing digital library services, training users and librarians, and addressing legal and policy problems around digital content.
- The government of India funds
This presentation is made during the 4th CERN-UNESCO School on Digital libraries 2016. African libraries are invited to focus more in content, especially the local one, rather than software issues when they build digital libraries.
Planning and Implementing a Digital Library ProjectJenn Riley
This document provides an overview of planning and implementing a digital library project. It discusses establishing goals and objectives, planning activities such as selecting content and writing proposals, implementing digitization, and evaluating projects. The document was presented as part of a workshop on digital library projects, and provides guidance on various aspects of the planning and implementation process.
This document provides an overview of digital libraries, including their definition, characteristics, infrastructure, formats, standards, benefits, and limitations. A digital library is a collection of digital objects that can be accessed online, along with methods for organizing and maintaining the collection. It functions similarly to a traditional library but provides remote access to resources through computer and network infrastructure. Examples of digital libraries in India are also given.
This topic was presented at a "Workshop On Best Practices in Library: Digital Library" Organised by Rabindra Library, Assam University, Silchar on November 29, 2013
Hartley Presentation on Cataloging & Metadata Trendsrshartley
The document discusses recent trends in cataloging and metadata, including the transition away from MARC standards. MARC is described as a "senior citizen" that is ready to be replaced by newer data models that allow for more web visibility and a richer experience for library patrons. Initiatives like RDA, BIBFRAME, and linked data aim to make library collections more accessible online. The benefits of these changes include more accurate, effective, and timely services for patrons through improved description of resources and sharing of catalog data on the web.
A digital library is a collection of digital objects like text, images, audio, and video that are organized and accessible electronically. The document discusses the genesis and early development of digital libraries from the ideas of Vannevar Bush and J.C.R. Licklider in the 1940s-1960s. It also covers the objectives and scope of digital libraries, which aim to provide broad access to information through services and collections available via electronic means. Key input devices for digitizing materials include scanners, digital cameras, and video cameras.
This document provides an overview of digital libraries, including definitions, benefits, limitations, components, standards, and challenges. It defines a digital library as a collection of information stored and accessed electronically, extending the functions of a traditional library digitally. Benefits include improved access, information sharing, and preservation, while limitations include technological obsolescence and rights management. Key components discussed include digital objects, metadata, and tools like DSpace and Greenstone for developing digital libraries. Emerging standards around identifiers, encoding, and metadata are also summarized.
Digital libraries provide users with organized access to large repositories of digital information and knowledge from around the world. They extend physical libraries by allowing remote access to more resources and enabling new ways of accessing and sharing information. Digital libraries integrate multiple information sources, support various media formats, and provide advanced search capabilities while preserving traditional library functions of collection, organization, access, and preservation. Several major projects in the United States and Europe are working to develop technologies to build large-scale digital libraries in various subject domains.
The document discusses digital libraries (DL), defining them as collections of digitized information and objects that offer capabilities beyond traditional libraries. It outlines the agenda which includes definitions of DLs, their objectives and functions. DLs allow capturing, storing, manipulating and distributing information digitally while providing access to resources globally through networking. They have advantages like access to holdings worldwide but also disadvantages such as issues around access, copyright and preserving digital content.
This document describes the development of a digital library system for a university. The system allows students and faculty to search for and access books over the internet. It involved planning, analyzing requirements, designing databases and forms, and implementing the system using Microsoft technologies. The system stores book and user information and allows searching by title or author. The digital library has the benefits of low cost and large storage capacity compared to a traditional library. Future work may include publishing the system on the university website and adding SMS notifications of new books.
Collection development in digital librarieskawaagneK
This document discusses collection development in digital libraries. It begins by quoting Mark Sandler saying libraries need to support new media to remain relevant. It then defines digital libraries and discusses their advantages like unlimited storage and disadvantages like lack of screening. It provides examples of digital collections for public, academic and children's libraries. It discusses weeding digital collections and ways to redefine collection development for the digital age.
Planning and Managing Digital Library & Archive Projectsac2182
The document provides an overview of a workshop on developing and managing digital library and archive projects. It includes the workshop schedule, introductions from attendees, strategies for success, managing born-digital assets and digitized content, infrastructure requirements, and considerations for digital preservation over the long-term.
Lecture presented by Fernan R. Dizon at PAARL's Conference on the theme "The Power of Convergence: Technology and Connectivity in the 21st Century Library and Information Services" held on Nov. 11-13, 2009 at St Paul College, Pasig City
User Focused Digital Library: A Practical GuideSophia Guevara
The document provides an overview of a presentation about a user-focused digital library. It discusses understanding users, digital library content, and different types of libraries. It also gives examples of defining a digital library and understanding the environment and settings of different libraries. Finally, it provides a disclaimer and agenda for a discussion on the MMS Library, including an overview of the Minerals Management Service and how the MMS Library serves its customers.
1. The document introduces digital libraries, which organize digital objects like text, images, video and audio along with methods for access, retrieval, selection, organization and maintenance.
2. Key components of a digital library include converting physical content to digital, extracting metadata, storing content and metadata in a repository, and providing client services for browsing and delivering content.
3. A digital library manages digital objects which can have complex structures and relationships, and groups of objects represent the information in the digital library.
A presentation on basic concepts of digital library by Rupesh Kumar A, Assistant Professor, Department of Studies and Research in Library and Information Science, Tumkur University, Karnataka, India.
This document discusses ideas for a proposed national digital library for New Zealand, including aggregating metadata from all available digital objects to make them discoverable through a single search. It also mentions goals of finding both print and digital collections together, having open access to linked data, leveraging major web utilities, searching across open and publisher content simultaneously, and providing tools for users to access and reuse content across multiple platforms and devices. The overall purpose would be to provide a window into New Zealand's heritage and culture that makes content easier to find, share, and use.
1. A digital library is a library where collections are stored in digital formats and accessible by computers. The first use of digital library was in 1988.
2. Digital libraries have advantages like no physical boundaries, multiple access points, easy information retrieval, and added value. However, they also have disadvantages like difficulty updating very large libraries and risk of data damage if software is corrupted.
3. Examples of famous digital libraries include the HEC National Digital Library in Pakistan, which provides online access to international scholarly literature for universities and research organizations.
Digital Libraries and the quest for information curation
UFP’s Erasmus Staff Week for Librarians
Workshop on 8th April, 2014
University Fernando Pessoa, Porto, Portugal
Luis Borges Gouveia
Digital libraries face several major issues and challenges including technical architecture, building digital collections, digitization, metadata, copyright and rights management, and preservation. Specifically, technical architecture requires high-speed networks and servers to support different digital formats. Building collections involves deciding what existing materials to digitize and acquire. Digitization is the process of converting analog materials into electronic form. Metadata is needed to describe and provide access to digital resources but requires persistent naming schemes. Copyright and rights management are challenging due to the ease of copying digital materials. Finally, long-term preservation of both storage media and access to content is critical given the rapid obsolescence of digital formats.
Digital content management involves the administration of digital content throughout its lifecycle from creation to permanent storage or deletion. A key part of digital content management is digital rights management (DRM) which uses technologies like fingerprinting, watermarking, and digital certificates to restrict the use and sharing of digital content and protect the intellectual property rights of content creators. The Digital Object Identifier (DOI) system is also important for digital content as it provides a persistent way to uniquely identify digital objects online.
Introduction to digital libraries - definitions, examples, concepts and trend...Olaf Janssen
This presentation gives an introduction to digital libraries.
It first explores different defintions of the phrase "Digital Library".
It then looks at 11 real life examples of digital library websites (slides 44-112), including Europeana, Google Books, Flickr the Commons, Delpher, Wikisource, The Memory of the Netherlands and Project Gutenberg. Each of these DLs is assessed against five different criteria (concepts, properties)
- Content/User experience
- Cultural heritage domain (libraries, archives, museums, AV-institutions)
- Controlled / run by
- Content providing parties
- User involvement
Many references are made to Web2.0-concepts from Tim O'Reilly's article http://www.oreilly.com/pub/a/web2/archive/what-is-web-20.html
From these 11x5 = 55 datapoints 6 trend plots are drawn (slides 116-166) to show "what is hot" and "what is not" in the current DL-landscape. Key slide summarizing this = no 168
Finally, some strategies for content & brand distribution of DLs are being discussed (SEO, Wikipedia, social & ego networks) , as well as some financial trends in DLs
This presentation was given by Olaf Janssen (National Library of the Netherlands - KB) as a lecture for students of the master's course "The Library" at Leiden University, most recently on 3-11-2016.
A digital library stores collections of information in digital formats that are accessible via computer networks. It provides an architecture to organize, integrate and transform scattered digital documents. Companies can use a digital library as the foundation for decision support systems to perform more accurate analyses. There are different types of digital libraries including document libraries containing books and reports, and data warehouses which combine and store vast amounts of historical reference data from multiple sources. While digital libraries provide benefits like unlimited access and storage, they also involve significant costs for conversion, maintenance and technical support.
The document discusses digital libraries, which are collections of digital documents that can be accessed online or through CD-ROMs. A digital library extends the capabilities of traditional libraries by allowing for dynamic and linked resources, richer metadata, and distributed access. Digital libraries provide access to large amounts of multimedia information from anywhere at any time through user-friendly interfaces and advanced search capabilities. They aim to efficiently deliver information to users while strengthening collaboration between institutions.
The document discusses creating a digital library using free and low-cost resources. It describes digital curation as the process of selecting, preserving, and archiving digital assets for current and future use. It provides examples of free resources that can be used to build a digital library, including statewide databases, listservs, social media, blogs, videos sites, and free digital books. It also discusses organizing the digital library through a library webpage, email, and free tools like Live Binders and Diigo.
A presentation on Digital Content Creation by Rupesh Kumar A, Assistant Professor, Department of Studies and Research in Library and Information Science, Tumkur University, Tumakuru, Karnataka, India.
This document discusses different types of digital libraries including digital libraries, hybrid libraries, virtual libraries, and born digital libraries. It provides definitions for these terms and notes that digital libraries are collections of digital objects that go beyond just assembling documents and aim to organize, preserve, and share resources like traditional libraries. The document also discusses how digital libraries are redefining the role of libraries and librarians.
Introduction
Digital Library: Concept and Definition
Characteristics of Digital Library
Advantages and Disadvantages of Digital Library
Digital / Electronic Resources
Digitization and Preservation
IPR and DRM Issues of Digital Resources
Digital Library initiatives in India
This document discusses information and communication technologies (ICT) used in libraries. The objectives of the workshop are to provide an overview of ICT needs for library automation, how ICT is used in library services, and challenges faced by library professionals in providing services with ICT. It also discusses planning library automation, the impact of technology on libraries, and managing automated systems. The document outlines types of ICT infrastructure, software, electronic resources, and barriers to automation in libraries. It provides examples of how ICT can be used for library management, processing materials, developing online and offline resources, and providing services to patrons.
Digital libraries provide users with organized access to large repositories of digital information and knowledge from around the world. They extend physical libraries by allowing remote access to more resources and enabling new ways of accessing and sharing information. Digital libraries integrate multiple information sources, support various media formats, and provide advanced search capabilities while preserving traditional library functions of collection, organization, access, and preservation. Several major projects in the United States and Europe are working to develop technologies to build large-scale digital libraries in various subject domains.
The document discusses digital libraries (DL), defining them as collections of digitized information and objects that offer capabilities beyond traditional libraries. It outlines the agenda which includes definitions of DLs, their objectives and functions. DLs allow capturing, storing, manipulating and distributing information digitally while providing access to resources globally through networking. They have advantages like access to holdings worldwide but also disadvantages such as issues around access, copyright and preserving digital content.
This document describes the development of a digital library system for a university. The system allows students and faculty to search for and access books over the internet. It involved planning, analyzing requirements, designing databases and forms, and implementing the system using Microsoft technologies. The system stores book and user information and allows searching by title or author. The digital library has the benefits of low cost and large storage capacity compared to a traditional library. Future work may include publishing the system on the university website and adding SMS notifications of new books.
Collection development in digital librarieskawaagneK
This document discusses collection development in digital libraries. It begins by quoting Mark Sandler saying libraries need to support new media to remain relevant. It then defines digital libraries and discusses their advantages like unlimited storage and disadvantages like lack of screening. It provides examples of digital collections for public, academic and children's libraries. It discusses weeding digital collections and ways to redefine collection development for the digital age.
Planning and Managing Digital Library & Archive Projectsac2182
The document provides an overview of a workshop on developing and managing digital library and archive projects. It includes the workshop schedule, introductions from attendees, strategies for success, managing born-digital assets and digitized content, infrastructure requirements, and considerations for digital preservation over the long-term.
Lecture presented by Fernan R. Dizon at PAARL's Conference on the theme "The Power of Convergence: Technology and Connectivity in the 21st Century Library and Information Services" held on Nov. 11-13, 2009 at St Paul College, Pasig City
User Focused Digital Library: A Practical GuideSophia Guevara
The document provides an overview of a presentation about a user-focused digital library. It discusses understanding users, digital library content, and different types of libraries. It also gives examples of defining a digital library and understanding the environment and settings of different libraries. Finally, it provides a disclaimer and agenda for a discussion on the MMS Library, including an overview of the Minerals Management Service and how the MMS Library serves its customers.
1. The document introduces digital libraries, which organize digital objects like text, images, video and audio along with methods for access, retrieval, selection, organization and maintenance.
2. Key components of a digital library include converting physical content to digital, extracting metadata, storing content and metadata in a repository, and providing client services for browsing and delivering content.
3. A digital library manages digital objects which can have complex structures and relationships, and groups of objects represent the information in the digital library.
A presentation on basic concepts of digital library by Rupesh Kumar A, Assistant Professor, Department of Studies and Research in Library and Information Science, Tumkur University, Karnataka, India.
This document discusses ideas for a proposed national digital library for New Zealand, including aggregating metadata from all available digital objects to make them discoverable through a single search. It also mentions goals of finding both print and digital collections together, having open access to linked data, leveraging major web utilities, searching across open and publisher content simultaneously, and providing tools for users to access and reuse content across multiple platforms and devices. The overall purpose would be to provide a window into New Zealand's heritage and culture that makes content easier to find, share, and use.
1. A digital library is a library where collections are stored in digital formats and accessible by computers. The first use of digital library was in 1988.
2. Digital libraries have advantages like no physical boundaries, multiple access points, easy information retrieval, and added value. However, they also have disadvantages like difficulty updating very large libraries and risk of data damage if software is corrupted.
3. Examples of famous digital libraries include the HEC National Digital Library in Pakistan, which provides online access to international scholarly literature for universities and research organizations.
Digital Libraries and the quest for information curation
UFP’s Erasmus Staff Week for Librarians
Workshop on 8th April, 2014
University Fernando Pessoa, Porto, Portugal
Luis Borges Gouveia
Digital libraries face several major issues and challenges including technical architecture, building digital collections, digitization, metadata, copyright and rights management, and preservation. Specifically, technical architecture requires high-speed networks and servers to support different digital formats. Building collections involves deciding what existing materials to digitize and acquire. Digitization is the process of converting analog materials into electronic form. Metadata is needed to describe and provide access to digital resources but requires persistent naming schemes. Copyright and rights management are challenging due to the ease of copying digital materials. Finally, long-term preservation of both storage media and access to content is critical given the rapid obsolescence of digital formats.
Digital content management involves the administration of digital content throughout its lifecycle from creation to permanent storage or deletion. A key part of digital content management is digital rights management (DRM) which uses technologies like fingerprinting, watermarking, and digital certificates to restrict the use and sharing of digital content and protect the intellectual property rights of content creators. The Digital Object Identifier (DOI) system is also important for digital content as it provides a persistent way to uniquely identify digital objects online.
Introduction to digital libraries - definitions, examples, concepts and trend...Olaf Janssen
This presentation gives an introduction to digital libraries.
It first explores different defintions of the phrase "Digital Library".
It then looks at 11 real life examples of digital library websites (slides 44-112), including Europeana, Google Books, Flickr the Commons, Delpher, Wikisource, The Memory of the Netherlands and Project Gutenberg. Each of these DLs is assessed against five different criteria (concepts, properties)
- Content/User experience
- Cultural heritage domain (libraries, archives, museums, AV-institutions)
- Controlled / run by
- Content providing parties
- User involvement
Many references are made to Web2.0-concepts from Tim O'Reilly's article http://www.oreilly.com/pub/a/web2/archive/what-is-web-20.html
From these 11x5 = 55 datapoints 6 trend plots are drawn (slides 116-166) to show "what is hot" and "what is not" in the current DL-landscape. Key slide summarizing this = no 168
Finally, some strategies for content & brand distribution of DLs are being discussed (SEO, Wikipedia, social & ego networks) , as well as some financial trends in DLs
This presentation was given by Olaf Janssen (National Library of the Netherlands - KB) as a lecture for students of the master's course "The Library" at Leiden University, most recently on 3-11-2016.
A digital library stores collections of information in digital formats that are accessible via computer networks. It provides an architecture to organize, integrate and transform scattered digital documents. Companies can use a digital library as the foundation for decision support systems to perform more accurate analyses. There are different types of digital libraries including document libraries containing books and reports, and data warehouses which combine and store vast amounts of historical reference data from multiple sources. While digital libraries provide benefits like unlimited access and storage, they also involve significant costs for conversion, maintenance and technical support.
The document discusses digital libraries, which are collections of digital documents that can be accessed online or through CD-ROMs. A digital library extends the capabilities of traditional libraries by allowing for dynamic and linked resources, richer metadata, and distributed access. Digital libraries provide access to large amounts of multimedia information from anywhere at any time through user-friendly interfaces and advanced search capabilities. They aim to efficiently deliver information to users while strengthening collaboration between institutions.
The document discusses creating a digital library using free and low-cost resources. It describes digital curation as the process of selecting, preserving, and archiving digital assets for current and future use. It provides examples of free resources that can be used to build a digital library, including statewide databases, listservs, social media, blogs, videos sites, and free digital books. It also discusses organizing the digital library through a library webpage, email, and free tools like Live Binders and Diigo.
A presentation on Digital Content Creation by Rupesh Kumar A, Assistant Professor, Department of Studies and Research in Library and Information Science, Tumkur University, Tumakuru, Karnataka, India.
This document discusses different types of digital libraries including digital libraries, hybrid libraries, virtual libraries, and born digital libraries. It provides definitions for these terms and notes that digital libraries are collections of digital objects that go beyond just assembling documents and aim to organize, preserve, and share resources like traditional libraries. The document also discusses how digital libraries are redefining the role of libraries and librarians.
Introduction
Digital Library: Concept and Definition
Characteristics of Digital Library
Advantages and Disadvantages of Digital Library
Digital / Electronic Resources
Digitization and Preservation
IPR and DRM Issues of Digital Resources
Digital Library initiatives in India
This document discusses information and communication technologies (ICT) used in libraries. The objectives of the workshop are to provide an overview of ICT needs for library automation, how ICT is used in library services, and challenges faced by library professionals in providing services with ICT. It also discusses planning library automation, the impact of technology on libraries, and managing automated systems. The document outlines types of ICT infrastructure, software, electronic resources, and barriers to automation in libraries. It provides examples of how ICT can be used for library management, processing materials, developing online and offline resources, and providing services to patrons.
Consortium on Digitization of Indian Agricultural Library ResourcesDevakumar Jain
The document proposes establishing a consortium to strengthen libraries within the Indian National Agricultural Research System (NARS) by transitioning them to digital libraries. The consortium would work to digitize resources, create a union catalog, build capacity for librarians, and provide access to digital materials. Key activities would include digitization of collections, development of institutional repositories, training workshops, and creating a searchable online platform to improve access to resources. The goals are to modernize services, facilitate knowledge sharing, and ensure long-term preservation and access to information.
INNOVATION AND RESEARCH (Digital Library Information Access)Libcorpio
Innovation and research, Digital Library Information Access, LIS Education, Library and Information Science, LIS Studies, Information Management, Education and Learning, Library science, Information science, Digital Libraries, Research on Digital Libraries, DL, Innovation in libraries and publishing, Areas of Research for DL, Information Discovery, Collection Management and Preservation, Interoperability, Economic, Social and Legal Issues, Core Topics In Digital Libraries, DL Research Around The World
The document defines a digital library as an online collection of digital objects that are managed and accessible according to international standards. A digital library applies new technologies to provide access to digital collections as an integral part of a traditional library's services. Key components of a digital library include its collection infrastructure, access infrastructure, computer/network infrastructure, digital resource organization, and trained manpower. Digital libraries offer advantages like 24/7 availability, cost reduction for governments, and information retrieval but also have limitations like lack of standardization and copyright/security issues.
The document discusses digital libraries, defining them as collections of digitized materials including books, articles, and other documents that are accessible online through computer networks. It notes key benefits of digital libraries like increased access for users anytime from anywhere, lower costs compared to physical libraries, and preservation of fragile materials by allowing multiple simultaneous users. However, the document also outlines several challenges in creating effective digital libraries, such as developing technologies for digitizing analog materials, addressing copyright and licensing issues, and establishing standards and protocols to facilitate assembling distributed digital library collections from various sources.
An hour lecture with hands-on on how to install the GREENSTONE DIGITAL LIBRAY. The seminar was sponsored by Baguio-Benguet Librarians Association, Inc. and conducted at the University Of the Cordilleras Library on July 19 & 20, 2010
This document discusses electronic publishing and digitization standards and processes. It covers:
1. Content recruitment for electronic publishing, including identifying organization needs and partnerships, memorandums of agreement, and education.
2. Foundations and steps for digitization projects, including planning, goals, audiences, work plans, staffing, and budgets.
3. Standards for digitizing different media types like photos, audio, documents. It discusses scanning methods, resolution, file formats and embedded metadata.
4. Organizations that provide digitization guidelines and standards like FADGI and initiatives to support Arabic digital content.
1) The document discusses the definition, characteristics, functions, components, and planning process for developing digital libraries.
2) Digital libraries aim to provide users access to digitized information through networked access and specialized search functionality.
3) Key components of digital libraries include digital collections, systems functions, infrastructure, telecommunications facilities, and human resources. Extensive planning is required to develop the technical infrastructure and digitize resources.
Creation of Digital Libraries using Open Source SoftwareArun VR
The document discusses social aspects and creation of digital libraries. Digital libraries make resources available in machine-readable formats over computer networks, providing equal access to information. They offer advantages like long-term preservation, more space, and full-text search. Social aspects include supporting diverse communities, addressing the digital divide, and preserving intellectual assets. Open source software like DSpace, Greenstone, and E-Prints allow building digital libraries. DSpace is commonly used open source repository software that supports customization and storing any digital content. The concluding remarks emphasize how digitization preserves endangered library items and connects the past to the future.
Overview of the ITS department's projects, services, and staff. A look at our areas, including IT infrastructure, eresources management, digital library services, and admin & communication.
Includes the definition of Digital Library, it's history, advantages and disadvantages, major issues and challenges, example of digital libraries and digital library software.
Data integration allows different data types to be merged for use in business processes and functions. A digital library system applies data integration to merge heterogeneous data sources into a unified form that can be accessed through the library. Key elements of a digital library include networked access to digitized content, metadata to facilitate searching and discovery, and storage of digital objects and metadata in a repository. Requirements for building a digital library include hardware like servers and storage devices, software, and a network for content delivery and user access.
This project report deliberates the new activities, methods and technology used in digitization and formation of digital libraries. It set out some key points involved and the detailed plans required in the process, offers pieces of advice and guidance for the practicing Librarians and Information scientists. Digital Libraries are being created today for diverse communities and in different fields e.g. education, science, culture, development, health, governance and so on. With the availability of several free digital Library software packages at the recent time, the creation and sharing of information through the digital library collections has become an attractive and feasible proposition for library and information professionals around the world. The paper ends with a call to integrate digitization into the plans and policies of any institution to maximize its effectiveness.
Drupal is a powerful framework that can be used in Digital Cultural Heritage. Our aims are to introduce Drupal into Digital Cultural Heritage domain, as well as to share and protect our long-standing civilization through time by using Drupal. Thus we present Drupal's contribution to Digital Cultural Heritage.
Drupal framework can be used to support complex Digital Culture Heritage Projects, help researchers and scientists share their knowledge worldwide and preserve valuable data.
New ICT Trends and Issues of LibrarianshipLiaquat Rahoo
The document summarizes a one-day workshop on new ICT trends and issues in librarianship. It will cover topics like the introduction of ICT in libraries, different types of libraries supported by ICT, necessary ICT infrastructure, software for library automation, digital repositories, and web applications. The workshop will be held at the Institute of Modern Sciences and Arts on April 17, 2016.
LSDigital is an “Add-on” item to LibSys software and thus is fully compatible with LibSys. The entire process is fully automated thereby requiring minimum effort by the user and integration with LibSys database is implicit. It provides great benefits to the users who would be able to search both digitized and non-digitized library collection through a common library OPAC
The document discusses emerging trends in library networks in the new millennium, including the growth of digital resources and collections, developments in digital library technologies, and the future of networked digital resources. Some key points discussed are the exponential growth of information, transition from physical to digital media, consortium approaches for accessing content, developing digital collections and repositories, and emerging technologies like semantic retrieval and knowledge sharing platforms. The future of library networks is envisioned to include fluid and transient multimedia resources, free and flexible virtual information spaces, global and personalized access, and more emphasis on informal knowledge exchange and social relationships.
This document discusses digital libraries and metadata. A digital library is an organized collection of digital objects like text, images, video and audio that allows users to access and retrieve materials. Key components include the initial conversion of physical content to digital form, a client interface for browsing, and content delivery via networks. Metadata, or data about data, is crucial as it allows users to locate, use and process digital content through descriptive, structural and administrative metadata. Semantic technologies can enhance digital libraries by enabling search and browsing based on semantic concepts and supporting user communities.
New challenges for digital scholarship and curation in the era of ubiquitous ...Derek Keats
A keynote presentation that I gave at the The 4th African Digital Scholarship and Curation Conference (see: http://www.nedicc.ac.za/test/Programme.aspx) on 16 May 2011.
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Best 20 SEO Techniques To Improve Website Visibility In SERPPixlogix Infotech
Boost your website's visibility with proven SEO techniques! Our latest blog dives into essential strategies to enhance your online presence, increase traffic, and rank higher on search engines. From keyword optimization to quality content creation, learn how to make your site stand out in the crowded digital landscape. Discover actionable tips and expert insights to elevate your SEO game.
FREE A4 Cyber Security Awareness Posters-Social Engineering part 3Data Hops
Free A4 downloadable and printable Cyber Security, Social Engineering Safety and security Training Posters . Promote security awareness in the home or workplace. Lock them Out From training providers datahops.com
For the full video of this presentation, please visit: https://www.edge-ai-vision.com/2024/06/temporal-event-neural-networks-a-more-efficient-alternative-to-the-transformer-a-presentation-from-brainchip/
Chris Jones, Director of Product Management at BrainChip , presents the “Temporal Event Neural Networks: A More Efficient Alternative to the Transformer” tutorial at the May 2024 Embedded Vision Summit.
The expansion of AI services necessitates enhanced computational capabilities on edge devices. Temporal Event Neural Networks (TENNs), developed by BrainChip, represent a novel and highly efficient state-space network. TENNs demonstrate exceptional proficiency in handling multi-dimensional streaming data, facilitating advancements in object detection, action recognition, speech enhancement and language model/sequence generation. Through the utilization of polynomial-based continuous convolutions, TENNs streamline models, expedite training processes and significantly diminish memory requirements, achieving notable reductions of up to 50x in parameters and 5,000x in energy consumption compared to prevailing methodologies like transformers.
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Programming Foundation Models with DSPy - Meetup SlidesZilliz
Prompting language models is hard, while programming language models is easy. In this talk, I will discuss the state-of-the-art framework DSPy for programming foundation models with its powerful optimizers and runtime constraint system.
A Comprehensive Guide to DeFi Development Services in 2024Intelisync
DeFi represents a paradigm shift in the financial industry. Instead of relying on traditional, centralized institutions like banks, DeFi leverages blockchain technology to create a decentralized network of financial services. This means that financial transactions can occur directly between parties, without intermediaries, using smart contracts on platforms like Ethereum.
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Taking AI to the Next Level in Manufacturing.pdfssuserfac0301
Read Taking AI to the Next Level in Manufacturing to gain insights on AI adoption in the manufacturing industry, such as:
1. How quickly AI is being implemented in manufacturing.
2. Which barriers stand in the way of AI adoption.
3. How data quality and governance form the backbone of AI.
4. Organizational processes and structures that may inhibit effective AI adoption.
6. Ideas and approaches to help build your organization's AI strategy.
Main news related to the CCS TSI 2023 (2023/1695)Jakub Marek
An English 🇬🇧 translation of a presentation to the speech I gave about the main changes brought by CCS TSI 2023 at the biggest Czech conference on Communications and signalling systems on Railways, which was held in Clarion Hotel Olomouc from 7th to 9th November 2023 (konferenceszt.cz). Attended by around 500 participants and 200 on-line followers.
The original Czech 🇨🇿 version of the presentation can be found here: https://www.slideshare.net/slideshow/hlavni-novinky-souvisejici-s-ccs-tsi-2023-2023-1695/269688092 .
The videorecording (in Czech) from the presentation is available here: https://youtu.be/WzjJWm4IyPk?si=SImb06tuXGb30BEH .
Let's Integrate MuleSoft RPA, COMPOSER, APM with AWS IDP along with Slackshyamraj55
Discover the seamless integration of RPA (Robotic Process Automation), COMPOSER, and APM with AWS IDP enhanced with Slack notifications. Explore how these technologies converge to streamline workflows, optimize performance, and ensure secure access, all while leveraging the power of AWS IDP and real-time communication via Slack notifications.
Monitoring and Managing Anomaly Detection on OpenShift.pdfTosin Akinosho
Monitoring and Managing Anomaly Detection on OpenShift
Overview
Dive into the world of anomaly detection on edge devices with our comprehensive hands-on tutorial. This SlideShare presentation will guide you through the entire process, from data collection and model training to edge deployment and real-time monitoring. Perfect for those looking to implement robust anomaly detection systems on resource-constrained IoT/edge devices.
Key Topics Covered
1. Introduction to Anomaly Detection
- Understand the fundamentals of anomaly detection and its importance in identifying unusual behavior or failures in systems.
2. Understanding Edge (IoT)
- Learn about edge computing and IoT, and how they enable real-time data processing and decision-making at the source.
3. What is ArgoCD?
- Discover ArgoCD, a declarative, GitOps continuous delivery tool for Kubernetes, and its role in deploying applications on edge devices.
4. Deployment Using ArgoCD for Edge Devices
- Step-by-step guide on deploying anomaly detection models on edge devices using ArgoCD.
5. Introduction to Apache Kafka and S3
- Explore Apache Kafka for real-time data streaming and Amazon S3 for scalable storage solutions.
6. Viewing Kafka Messages in the Data Lake
- Learn how to view and analyze Kafka messages stored in a data lake for better insights.
7. What is Prometheus?
- Get to know Prometheus, an open-source monitoring and alerting toolkit, and its application in monitoring edge devices.
8. Monitoring Application Metrics with Prometheus
- Detailed instructions on setting up Prometheus to monitor the performance and health of your anomaly detection system.
9. What is Camel K?
- Introduction to Camel K, a lightweight integration framework built on Apache Camel, designed for Kubernetes.
10. Configuring Camel K Integrations for Data Pipelines
- Learn how to configure Camel K for seamless data pipeline integrations in your anomaly detection workflow.
11. What is a Jupyter Notebook?
- Overview of Jupyter Notebooks, an open-source web application for creating and sharing documents with live code, equations, visualizations, and narrative text.
12. Jupyter Notebooks with Code Examples
- Hands-on examples and code snippets in Jupyter Notebooks to help you implement and test anomaly detection models.
HCL Notes and Domino License Cost Reduction in the World of DLAUpanagenda
Webinar Recording: https://www.panagenda.com/webinars/hcl-notes-and-domino-license-cost-reduction-in-the-world-of-dlau/
The introduction of DLAU and the CCB & CCX licensing model caused quite a stir in the HCL community. As a Notes and Domino customer, you may have faced challenges with unexpected user counts and license costs. You probably have questions on how this new licensing approach works and how to benefit from it. Most importantly, you likely have budget constraints and want to save money where possible. Don’t worry, we can help with all of this!
We’ll show you how to fix common misconfigurations that cause higher-than-expected user counts, and how to identify accounts which you can deactivate to save money. There are also frequent patterns that can cause unnecessary cost, like using a person document instead of a mail-in for shared mailboxes. We’ll provide examples and solutions for those as well. And naturally we’ll explain the new licensing model.
Join HCL Ambassador Marc Thomas in this webinar with a special guest appearance from Franz Walder. It will give you the tools and know-how to stay on top of what is going on with Domino licensing. You will be able lower your cost through an optimized configuration and keep it low going forward.
These topics will be covered
- Reducing license cost by finding and fixing misconfigurations and superfluous accounts
- How do CCB and CCX licenses really work?
- Understanding the DLAU tool and how to best utilize it
- Tips for common problem areas, like team mailboxes, functional/test users, etc
- Practical examples and best practices to implement right away
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Freshworks creates AI-boosted business software that helps employees work more efficiently and effectively. Managing data across multiple RDBMS and NoSQL databases was already a challenge at their current scale. To prepare for 10X growth, they knew it was time to rethink their database strategy. Learn how they architected a solution that would simplify scaling while keeping costs under control.
Skybuffer SAM4U tool for SAP license adoptionTatiana Kojar
Manage and optimize your license adoption and consumption with SAM4U, an SAP free customer software asset management tool.
SAM4U, an SAP complimentary software asset management tool for customers, delivers a detailed and well-structured overview of license inventory and usage with a user-friendly interface. We offer a hosted, cost-effective, and performance-optimized SAM4U setup in the Skybuffer Cloud environment. You retain ownership of the system and data, while we manage the ABAP 7.58 infrastructure, ensuring fixed Total Cost of Ownership (TCO) and exceptional services through the SAP Fiori interface.
Ivanti’s Patch Tuesday breakdown goes beyond patching your applications and brings you the intelligence and guidance needed to prioritize where to focus your attention first. Catch early analysis on our Ivanti blog, then join industry expert Chris Goettl for the Patch Tuesday Webinar Event. There we’ll do a deep dive into each of the bulletins and give guidance on the risks associated with the newly-identified vulnerabilities.
leewayhertz.com-AI in predictive maintenance Use cases technologies benefits ...alexjohnson7307
Predictive maintenance is a proactive approach that anticipates equipment failures before they happen. At the forefront of this innovative strategy is Artificial Intelligence (AI), which brings unprecedented precision and efficiency. AI in predictive maintenance is transforming industries by reducing downtime, minimizing costs, and enhancing productivity.
2. 2
C-DAC, NOIDA UNITC-DAC, NOIDA UNITC-DAC, NOIDA UNITC-DAC, NOIDA UNIT
MISSIONMISSION
C-DACC-DAC
NATURAL LANGUAGE
PROCESSING AND
INTERFACES
NATURAL LANGUAGE
PROCESSING AND
INTERFACES
HUMAN RESOURCE
DEVELOPMENT IN
HITECH AREAS
HUMAN RESOURCE
DEVELOPMENT IN
HITECH AREAS
INFRASTRUCTURE
AND SUPPORT
SERVICES
INFRASTRUCTURE
AND SUPPORT
SERVICES
SPECIAL
INDUSTRIAL
APPLICATIONS
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3. 3
AREAS OFCOMPETENCEAREAS OFCOMPETENCE
Graphical Display
System
Security
Systems
Embedded
System
System Engineering and
Consultancy
NLP
Solar Energy
System
E-Governance
Internet on CATV
& E-Commerce
.
.
.
NOIDANOIDA
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4. •Digital Library Projects
•Mega Centre for Digital Library
•Mobile Digital Library : Dware Dware Gyan Sampada
•Digital Library at President’s House
•Digital Library at Nagari Pracharini Sabha Varanasi
•Digital Library at Uttaranchal
•GyanNidhi : Multilingual Parallel Corpus in Indian Languages
•Digital Library at Gujrat Vidyapeeth ,Ahmedabad
•Digitization of Libraries
Digital Library Activities : CDAC Noida
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5. Digital Library Mission
Online Content
Billions of web pages
Offline Content
Billions of items still unindexed
To organize the information and make it universally
accessible and useful.
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6. DL Initiatives
~85% of books are out of print
and/or out of copyright – these
books are only found in libraries
GOAL: Create a comprehensive virtual card catalog of all
books in all languages, while respecting publishers’ rights
Only ~15% of books are in print
Source: Google
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8. 92% of the world's books are neither generating revenue for the
copyright holder nor easily accessible to potential readers.*
The value is in the middle
A Typical Library Collection
In-Print Public DomainUnclear copyright status
• May be in copyright, but not for sale
• Rights may have reverted to author
• May be in the public domain
Less than 20%**~65% or more
15%
*Source: Covey, Denise Troll. "Global Cooperation for Global Access: The Million Book Project“
**OCLC analysis of the Google Books Library Project: http://www.dlib.org/dlib/september05/lavoie/09lavoie.html
~15%
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9. Digital Library (DL) may be seen as
“Collection of intelligent creations by human
beings through their own language and
culture. It also reflects cultural heritage
besides providing archive and generating
many research issues pertaining to Natural
Language Processing”
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10. According to other definition Digital libraries are
“Organizations that provide the resources, including the specialized
staff, to select, structure, offer intellectual access to, interpret,
distribute, preserve the integrity of, and ensure the persistence over
time of collections of digital works so that they are readily available for
use by a defined community or set of communities”.
Digital Library ?
Sun Microsystems defines a digital library as the electronic extension of
functions users typically perform and the resources they access in a
traditional library.
These information resources can be translated into digital form, stored
in multimedia repositories, and made available through Web-based
services.
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11. What is Digital library ?
A Service? An Architecture?
A set of Information Resources?
A set of tools to locate, search, retrieve
information?
Possibly the tools to create such resources and
services also fall within the purview of DLs
Digital face of traditional libraries
Include both digital collections and traditional
Backbone and nervous system of libraries.
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12. •Efficient & qualitative services by collecting, organizing, storing,
disseminating, retrieving and preserving the information.
•Preservation benefits besides making information retrieval & delivery more
comfortable.
•Online access to historical and cultural documents whose existence is
endangered due to physical decay.
Digital libraries necessarily include a strong focus on the management of
digital content, just as traditional libraries have focused for long on the
management of content in physical forms.
Digital library Vs traditional libraryDigital library Vs traditional library
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13. The major areas for great exploitation are:
• Information retrieval,
• multimedia,
• database,
• data mining,
• data warehouse,
• on-line information repositories,
• image processing, hypertext,
• World Wide Web and wide area information services (WAIS).
Most of the digital content that is being managed includes:
• Human Language, in various forms character-coded electronic text, scanned
images, printed or handwritten text or human speech.
• Language technology helps in managing digital content
• Management through learning from past experience also adds to manage
content
Digital Content ManagementDigital Content Management
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14. • Access anywhere
• Reducing delays
• Distributed storage – central access
• Better cataloguing
• Cross references to other documents
• Full text search
• Protected information source
• Wide exploration and exploitation of the information
Few advantages of digital libraries
The information explosion, the wide bandwidth data networks and the potentialThe information explosion, the wide bandwidth data networks and the potential
of Internet-based technologies - such as the Web - make digital libraries one ofof Internet-based technologies - such as the Web - make digital libraries one of
the important application areas of computer science.the important application areas of computer science.
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15. Process of Digital Preservation
Centralized
Server
Centralized
Server
Book scanning
status
Book scanning
status
XML Meta File
Creation using
Dublin core Std.
XML Meta File
Creation using
Dublin core Std.
Scanned
Image in TIFF
format
Scanned
Image in TIFF
format
S/w to divide
even & odd
pages
S/w to divide
even & odd
pages
Batch
cropping &
Cleaning
Batch
cropping &
Cleaning
OCR
OCR
Conversion to
TXT/RTF/HTML
Conversion to
TXT/RTF/HTML
Yes
No
Uploading
Reject the
Book
Reject the
Book
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16. Goals of DL
Focused on digitization technology, metadata schemes,
data management techniques, and digital preservation.
Second-generation digital library
exploring new opportunities and developing new competencies.
Third-generation digital library
focusing instead on fully integrating digital material into the
library’s collections through a modular systems architecture.
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17. Ingredients for DLs
Hardware
The minimum machinery to do the job
Software
The programs for handling data
Digital Objects
Articles, Conference Papers, Thesis,……
Basic Skills
Things one has to learn
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18. Hardware
A Server
You’ll need access to a web server
A good PC
Scanners
Flatbed – Auto feed, Back to back
MF
Book Scanner
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19. Software
Open Source Software (OSS)
Dspace, E-Prints, Fedora, GSDL……
Proprietary software you can’t avoid
Image Editing and Optical Character Recognition Software
have to be purchased
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20. Content is King
The information content is
more important than the
systems used for its storage,
management and retrieval
Objects should not be “locked”
in specific DLs or archives
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21. Creating DLs …
Six steps
Selecting
Acquiring
Digitization
Creation Of Meta Data
Organizing
Archiving
Providing Access
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23. Possible Delivery Formats
Pure image formats: TIFF, JPEG
Open encoded formats: XML, HTML, ASCII, and
Unicode
Hybrid formats: PDF, DjVu – can contain both image and
text
Proprietary formats: Microsoft Word, WordPerfect
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24. Digitization: Issues
Copyright
Access copy and archive copy
File size
Storage media( CD, Hard disc…)
File format ( TIFF,JPEG…)
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25. 25
Challenges in Digitization
Building digital collections of national importance from
existing texts, documents, images . . .
Creating new digital documents & linking them
Subject portals: Selecting and maintaining open source
digital resources
Developing / adapting management tools for digital
collections
Providing access to digital collections
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26. 26
Challenges..
Integrating digital & other library collections
incl. integration of OPACs, subscribed e-resources and
subject portals
Establishing services for digital libraries
online access & offline support
education & training of users and librarians
Addressing social, legal, policy issues
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27. Challenges in Publishing
Preservation of layout
Searchability of content and metadata
Efficient image compression
Easy browsing of books
Accommodating low bandwidth user
Multilingual text support
Multipaging
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28. Digital Library Support in India
Funding
Ministry of Communication & Information Technology
(MIT)
Ministry of Human Resource Development (MHRD)
Manuscript Mission of India
Department of Scientific & Industrial Research (DSIR-
TRP)
All India Council for Technical Education (AICTE)
University Grants Commission (UGC)
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29. 29
Library Consortium in India
Scholarly Science Journals
Theses & Dissertations
Institutional E-Print Archives
Books (out of copyright)
Manuscripts
Newspapers
Online Courseware
Open Access at Metadata Level
Portal and Gateway Services
Digital Library Initiatives in India
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30. Government of India
Min. of C&IT Min of Culture
INDEST-AICTE
Consortium
Others
CSIR E-Journals
Consortium
UGC Infonet
Consortium
FORSA
Consortium
National Manuscript
Library
Universal Digital
Library
IIM Libraries
Consortium
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31. Digital Library of IndiaDigital Library of IndiaDigital Library of IndiaDigital Library of India
Participating centers of DLI
IISc
IIIT-H
State & City
Central Library
University of Hyderabad
MIDC Pune University
AKCE
SASTRA
ASR Melkote
Sringeri Mutt
Anna University
TTD Tirupati
IIIT-Allahabad
CDAC Noida
Rashtrapathi
Bhavan
Mega Scanning Centres at
IIITH, IIITA
CDAC- Noida and Kolkatta
PTU-1
PTU-2
PTU-3
Goa University
Kanchi MuttIISc, IIAP,
PoornaPragya
CDAC Kolkata
ERNET
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41. Manuscripts
India has the largest collection of manuscripts in the world (5 million
Approximately).
India is the repository of an astounding wealth of ancient knowledge
belonging to different periods of history, going back to thousands of
years. Most of this knowledge belonging to different areas of
intellectual activity such as religion, philosophy, science, arts and
literature is preserved in the form of manuscripts. Composed in
different Indian languages and scripts, they are preserved in materials
such as birch bark, palm leaf, cloth, wood, stone and paper.
National Manuscript Mission was launched five-year programme in
Feb., 2003 by the Ministry of Human Resource Development, Govt. of
India to get all the manuscripts and conserve them.
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43. 43
Archives of Indian Labour
V.V. Giri National Labour Institute
Heritage of Indian Working Class
Commissions on Labour
Oral History Collections
Trade Union Collections
Regional Collections
Strike Collections
Powered by Green Stone Digital
Library
http://www.indialabourarchives.org/
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44. Digital Libraries Benefits : Individual
Gain access to the holdings of libraries worldwide through
automated catalogs. Locate both physical and digitized versions of
scholarly articles and books.
Optimize searches, simultaneously search the Internet, commercial
databases, and library collections.
Save search results and conduct additional processing to narrow or
qualify results.
From search results, click through to access the digitized content
or locate additional items of interest.
All of these capabilities are available from the desktop or other
Web-enabled device such as a personal digital assistant or
cellular telephone.
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45. Conclusion
Digital Libraries are redefining the role of libraries in
society & the role of librarians & information specialists
National level mechanism is essential to promote and
coordinate open access and public domain digital library
systems
Improve awareness of open access
Regular training – tools, processes, standards
Support setting up of working models, services
National Resource Centre for open access publishing
International agencies like UNESCO, ICSU, ICSTI,
CODATA need to actively promote and support developing
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46. References
Digitization Of Library Forum Survey 2010. IT Act .
Available at www.mit.gov.in/it-bill.htm.
A digital library for education: the PEN-DOR project. The
Electronic Library, 17(2), 75-82.
Government of India. 2000. “Background Report on IT
for Masses” itformasses.nic.in/vsitformasses/page1.htm
Government of India. 2000. IT for the Common Man:
The Millenium IT Policy. Department of Information.
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R&D in digital libraries provides a number of various opportunities to many other institutions - universities, national and regional libraries, information services, information businesses, publishers, international agencies, software providers, and the like. The range is large. And there are examples of many of those already involved in many countries, and in international efforts.
The list of opportunities for projects on the two slides is not an exhaustive list. It provides examples of efforts. Moreover, these opportunities can be combined in a number of ways to build more comprehensive projects and approaches.
On the last opportunity (outsourcing): a number of commercial companies went into business providing services for various aspects of digital libraries. A typical example, are companies that offer facilities and service to digitize a collection at a given price per page, image etc.
There are other companies that provide server and storage facilities and services for digital libraries of universities, companies etc.
There are also companies that provide integrated software for digital libraries. Thus, digital libraries have also created a very lively commercial market.
This provides an opportunity for libraries to shop around and avoid own development of necessary infrastructure & related services.
Web examples of such services are provided in a previous slide.