Power Hardware-in-the-loop (P-HIL) is revolutionizing the HIL industry, making a step further in the test and validation of Power System et Power electronics controls, protection and proof of concept. This presentation covers recent project and major breakthrough OPAL-RT made in P-HIL applications.
This document discusses using FPGAs for hardware-in-the-loop simulation of electric machines. It begins with an introduction to HIL simulation and why FPGAs are advantageous compared to CPUs for modeling electric drives. It then describes implementing a permanent magnet synchronous motor solver on an FPGA for high-fidelity, high-speed modeling. The document shows how FEA models from ANSYS Maxwell can be exported and integrated with I/O interfaces on an FPGA-based real-time simulator from OPAL-RT to perform HIL simulation. Benchmark simulations of a Prius motor model exported from Maxwell and run on an OPAL-RT system demonstrate the benefits of using FPGAs for electric machine HIL modeling.
- HYPERSIM is a real-time power system simulator developed by OPAL-RT Technologies for simulating electromagnetic transients.
- It is used for hardware-in-the-loop testing of power system controls and offline simulation of power grids with detailed component models.
- HYPERSIM can simulate large power systems with over 2000 buses and detailed models of components like wind turbines, HVDC systems, and FACTS devices. It supports parallel processing for scalability.
The document discusses OP5600 and OP7000 real-time simulators from OPAL-RT for applications like rapid control prototyping and hardware-in-the-loop testing. The OP5600 is a high-end system with up to 12 CPU cores and FPGA that allows distributed parallel computation and large I/O capabilities. The OP7000 is FPGA-based and can execute models on FPGAs faster than 500ns. Both simulators support real-time execution of Simulink models and have flexible and scalable I/O options.
This document discusses using real-time simulation with FPGA-based hardware to model renewable energy systems. It describes challenges in modeling electric drives, modular multilevel converters, microgrids, and other renewable energy technologies. The document introduces OPAL-RT's eHS solution for modeling power electronics circuits on FPGAs for real-time simulation. eHS allows generating circuit models automatically without programming FPGAs directly. Examples are presented showing an eHS model of a PV system connected to the grid running in real-time on an FPGA. Real-time FPGA simulation provides benefits over CPU simulation like higher resolution, lower latency, and specialized models.
Variable-frequency drives (VFDs) control AC motor speed and torque by varying motor input frequency and voltage. VFDs are used widely in industrial applications ranging from small appliances to large compressors and mills. They provide significant energy savings potential since around 25% of global electrical energy is used by electric motors. VFDs reduce costs and improve performance through advances in power electronics and control techniques. The main components of a VFD system are the AC motor, VFD controller, and operator interface. The controller converts AC power to variable frequency AC power to control the motor. Operators can start, stop and adjust motor speed using the interface. VFDs allow motors to operate across multiple speed and torque quadrants depending on
Electrical and electronics engineering projects listGaurav Mishra
This document lists 97 electrical engineering projects ranging from remote monitoring and control systems using technologies like GSM, Zigbee, and RF to energy metering systems, motor speed controllers, irrigation control systems, and more. Many projects involve integrating microcontrollers with technologies like touchscreens, sensors, and wireless communication to monitor and control electrical devices and systems. Common applications include monitoring transformers, meters, motors, temperature, and automating functions like irrigation and lighting control.
This document provides an overview of the different modules and functions available in EPLAN Electric P8 version 2.2. It lists the various add-ons and modules focused on electrical engineering, enclosure engineering, fluid engineering, and process engineering. The core functions covered include schematic design, documentation, interfacing, revision management, multi-language support, and project management. Advanced modules provide capabilities for enclosure layout, PLC programming, sequential function charts, enclosure wiring, and interfacing with machine tools.
This document discusses technical challenges and potential solutions for developing community microgrids. It describes MIT Lincoln Laboratory's Hardware-in-the-Loop (HILLTOP) testbed, which can be used to test microgrid controllers in real-time simulation. The testbed integrates simulated generators, energy storage systems, and other devices to evaluate controllers before full deployment. Industry feedback supports the potential for HILLTOP and similar open-source testbeds to accelerate microgrid development by reducing costs and risks.
This document discusses using FPGAs for hardware-in-the-loop simulation of electric machines. It begins with an introduction to HIL simulation and why FPGAs are advantageous compared to CPUs for modeling electric drives. It then describes implementing a permanent magnet synchronous motor solver on an FPGA for high-fidelity, high-speed modeling. The document shows how FEA models from ANSYS Maxwell can be exported and integrated with I/O interfaces on an FPGA-based real-time simulator from OPAL-RT to perform HIL simulation. Benchmark simulations of a Prius motor model exported from Maxwell and run on an OPAL-RT system demonstrate the benefits of using FPGAs for electric machine HIL modeling.
- HYPERSIM is a real-time power system simulator developed by OPAL-RT Technologies for simulating electromagnetic transients.
- It is used for hardware-in-the-loop testing of power system controls and offline simulation of power grids with detailed component models.
- HYPERSIM can simulate large power systems with over 2000 buses and detailed models of components like wind turbines, HVDC systems, and FACTS devices. It supports parallel processing for scalability.
The document discusses OP5600 and OP7000 real-time simulators from OPAL-RT for applications like rapid control prototyping and hardware-in-the-loop testing. The OP5600 is a high-end system with up to 12 CPU cores and FPGA that allows distributed parallel computation and large I/O capabilities. The OP7000 is FPGA-based and can execute models on FPGAs faster than 500ns. Both simulators support real-time execution of Simulink models and have flexible and scalable I/O options.
This document discusses using real-time simulation with FPGA-based hardware to model renewable energy systems. It describes challenges in modeling electric drives, modular multilevel converters, microgrids, and other renewable energy technologies. The document introduces OPAL-RT's eHS solution for modeling power electronics circuits on FPGAs for real-time simulation. eHS allows generating circuit models automatically without programming FPGAs directly. Examples are presented showing an eHS model of a PV system connected to the grid running in real-time on an FPGA. Real-time FPGA simulation provides benefits over CPU simulation like higher resolution, lower latency, and specialized models.
Variable-frequency drives (VFDs) control AC motor speed and torque by varying motor input frequency and voltage. VFDs are used widely in industrial applications ranging from small appliances to large compressors and mills. They provide significant energy savings potential since around 25% of global electrical energy is used by electric motors. VFDs reduce costs and improve performance through advances in power electronics and control techniques. The main components of a VFD system are the AC motor, VFD controller, and operator interface. The controller converts AC power to variable frequency AC power to control the motor. Operators can start, stop and adjust motor speed using the interface. VFDs allow motors to operate across multiple speed and torque quadrants depending on
Electrical and electronics engineering projects listGaurav Mishra
This document lists 97 electrical engineering projects ranging from remote monitoring and control systems using technologies like GSM, Zigbee, and RF to energy metering systems, motor speed controllers, irrigation control systems, and more. Many projects involve integrating microcontrollers with technologies like touchscreens, sensors, and wireless communication to monitor and control electrical devices and systems. Common applications include monitoring transformers, meters, motors, temperature, and automating functions like irrigation and lighting control.
This document provides an overview of the different modules and functions available in EPLAN Electric P8 version 2.2. It lists the various add-ons and modules focused on electrical engineering, enclosure engineering, fluid engineering, and process engineering. The core functions covered include schematic design, documentation, interfacing, revision management, multi-language support, and project management. Advanced modules provide capabilities for enclosure layout, PLC programming, sequential function charts, enclosure wiring, and interfacing with machine tools.
This document discusses technical challenges and potential solutions for developing community microgrids. It describes MIT Lincoln Laboratory's Hardware-in-the-Loop (HILLTOP) testbed, which can be used to test microgrid controllers in real-time simulation. The testbed integrates simulated generators, energy storage systems, and other devices to evaluate controllers before full deployment. Industry feedback supports the potential for HILLTOP and similar open-source testbeds to accelerate microgrid development by reducing costs and risks.
Ph.d. thesis modeling and simulation of z source inverter design and its con...Dr. Pankaj Zope
This thesis examines modeling and simulation of Z-source inverter design and control strategies. It presents a literature review on traditional voltage source inverters, current source inverters, and Z-source inverters. The thesis then describes the design and operation of Z-source inverters, including their lattice network configuration and switching states. Various control strategies for Z-source inverters are also analyzed, including sinusoidal carrier-based pulse width modulation and simple boost control methods. Simulation results are presented to evaluate the performance of Z-source inverters under different control strategies.
Design and Analysis of DC-DC Bidirectional Converter for Vehicle to Grid Appl...PranayJagtap5
Aim of the Project:
The project aims to design and analysis of bidirectional dc-dc converter for vehicle-to-grid application in Electric Vehicles. The proposed converter can boost the voltage of an energy-storage system (e.g. from battery management system in EV) to a high-voltage AC bus for a particular load demand, during peak load conditions. When the high-voltage AC bus has excess energy, during low load conditions, this energy-storage module can be charged by the AC bus via inverter & bidirectional dc-dc converter.
Problem Statement:
A DC-DC converter is essential for exchanging energy between a storage device and the rest of the system and vise-versa. Such a converter should be able to handle bidirectional power flow capability in all the operating modes with flexible control. Thus, design and analysis of bidirectional DC-DC converters is an important aspect.
Bidirectional DC-DC Converter:
Bidirectional DC-to-DC converter allows power flow in both forward and reverses direction. The bidirectional converter is also called two quadrant converter or four-quadrant converters (if both voltage and current can change direction). It is used as a key device for interfacing the storage device between source and load in renewable energy systems for continuous flow of power because the output of the renewable energy system fluctuates due to changing weather conditions.
There are two modes in a bidirectional converter that is the buck converter and the boost converter. In the buck mode, auxiliary storage is located on the high voltage side whereas, in boost mode, it is situated on the low voltage side.
Introduction to Electric Vehicle & Vehicle-to-Grid(V2G):
Electric Vehicle is an automobile that operates on two or more electric motors powered by a battery pack or combined system of the battery pack and IC engine. There are four types of EVs, as each of them has advantages and disadvantages, they all save fuel and emit fewer GHG than other conventional IC engines. They can also recharge their batteries by the process of regenerative braking, where the electric motor in the EV assists in slowing down the EV and simultaneously recovers portion energy and feeds it to the batteries.
Four types of EVs are as follows:
(1) Hybrid Electric Vehicle (HEV)
(2) Battery Electric Vehicle (BEV)
(3) Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicle (PHEV)
(4) Range Extended Electric Vehicle (REEV)
V2G technology can be defined as a system capable enough to control bi-directional flow of electric energy between a vehicle and the electrical grid. The integration of electric vehicles into the power grid is called the vehicle-to-grid system. As conventional converters are unidirectional, they only work in G2V (Grid-to-Vehicle) mode. In V2G technology the grid is feed by the energy stored in the vehicle battery through the bidirectional converter, where power from the vehicle battery is stepped-up by the BDC.
This document provides information on Siemens medium-voltage gas-insulated arc-resistant switchgear. It discusses the switchgear's increased safety, reliability, and flexibility features. The document includes technical specifications, diagrams, and benefits such as its compact design, high personnel safety, minimized fire load, and maintenance-free components due to its SF6 gas insulation. It also describes innovative features like its video camera system for viewing the selector switch position and capacitive voltage indicators.
The document discusses cycloconverters, which are devices that convert AC power at one frequency to AC power at another frequency in a single stage using thyristors. It describes the different types of cycloconverters including step-up, step-down, single phase, and three phase cycloconverters. It also discusses the principles, components, applications, advantages, and disadvantages of cycloconverters.
The document discusses power electronic systems and electrical drive systems. It provides an overview of power electronic converters, which are the heart of power electronics systems and are used to efficiently control and convert electric power. Modern electrical drive systems use power electronic converters with electric motors for variable speed applications, providing benefits like improved efficiency over classic fixed speed drives. The document describes different types of power electronic converters that can be used for DC drives and AC drives, including AC-DC, DC-DC, and voltage source converters.
This document discusses high voltage substation design, applications, and considerations. It provides an overview of substation basics, electrical configurations, physical design, protection and controls, and coordination of design and construction. The presentation covers typical substation voltage levels, configurations such as ring bus and breaker-and-a-half, factors to consider in the design process such as service conditions and studies required, and reliability comparisons of different configurations. Design guidelines for spacing and clearances are also presented.
three level diode clamp inverter. that converts any type of DC ( rectified, PV cell, battery etc.) to AC supply. we made by mosfet and ardiuno . in this ppt we present the Simulink model of a three-level inverter and the hardware presentation of the inverter.
The document presents information on a PWM rectifier. It discusses that a PWM rectifier is an AC to DC power converter using controlled semiconductor switches. It has features like bi-directional power flow, nearly sinusoidal input current, unity power factor regulation, and low harmonic distortion. The document includes a circuit diagram of a PWM rectifier and mentions it can be a current or voltage type. Advantages are listed as reduced harmonics and controlled output voltage. Future applications are in traction and as an active filter. The future scope is reduced input harmonics and improved power factor for PWM rectifiers.
The document discusses soft starters, which are electronic starters that control the voltage applied to three-phase induction motors during start up and shut down. Soft starters reduce mechanical and electrical stresses by gradually increasing voltage from 0% to 100% over an adjustable ramp time, rather than applying full voltage instantly. This allows the motor to accelerate smoothly and limits high starting currents that can damage equipment. Soft starters provide benefits like reduced component wear, maintenance needs, and power consumption compared to direct-on-line or star-delta starters.
This document discusses smart grid technology. It defines smart grid as an electric grid that uses information and communication technology to gather data and act on information about supplier and consumer behavior. The key components of a smart grid are smart meters, phasor measurement, information transfer, and distributed generation. A smart grid offers benefits like reduced carbon footprint, improved distribution management, self-healing capabilities, and increased efficiency. Specific ideas presented for a smart grid include a power management app that provides household electricity usage insights and allows selling regenerative power back to the grid.
1) The document describes speed control of an induction motor using vector control. Vector control allows independent control of the flux and torque producing components of stator current.
2) A Clarke transformation converts the 3-phase stator currents to a 2-phase stationary reference frame. Then a Park transformation aligns one component with the rotor flux to control flux and the other to control torque.
3) Simulation results show the rotor speed, torque, stator currents in the direct-quadrature frame, and calculated three-phase voltages matching the objectives of vector control.
A power point presentation on smart grid : transforming the traditional grid including difference with traditonal grid ,components , advantage , disadvantages.
The modular SIMATIC S7-1200 controller is at the core of our offering for simple but highly precise automation tasks. The SIMATIC S7-1200 controller is modular and compact, versatile, a secure investment, and is perfectly suited to a whole range of applications.
The S7-1200 CPUs with Safety Integrated handle both standard and safety-related tasks.
A compact design with integrated IO, communication interfaces that meet the highest industry requirements and a range of powerful integrated technological functions make this controller an integral part of a comprehensive automation solution.
The document discusses the electricity sector in India. It provides details on the current installed power capacity in India as of 2011-12, which includes thermal, hydro, nuclear, solar, wind, biomass and other sources. It also discusses the smart grid system which enables two-way communication between utilities and consumers to efficiently deliver power. Key components of a smart grid discussed include smart meters, distribution intelligence, and ability of appliances to communicate with the smart grid and each other. Technical issues in implementing a smart grid like proper network laying, short circuits, overloading etc. are also summarized.
This document discusses trends in industrial control systems, including the introduction and advantages of PLCs, DCS, PC-based control, and SCADA systems. It also covers the evolution from centralized to distributed control with the development of microcomputers and proprietary digital communication lines. Different types of DCS are presented, along with an overview of the Honeywell Plantscape architecture.
Switching characteristics of power electronic devicesSunny Purani
the characteristics of power electronic devices in one touch.
only image files are there & the detailed explanations of these are given in different slide shares.
Low Power VLSI Design Presentation_finalJITENDER -
This document discusses low power VLSI design techniques. It describes sources of power dissipation such as dynamic power from switching and static leakage power. It then discusses several approaches to reduce power consumption, including supply voltage scaling, minimizing switching capacitance through techniques like clock gating, and minimizing leakage through multi-threshold CMOS and power gating. The need for a power intent language to describe low power constructs is also discussed. Finally, it mentions low power EDA tools that can reduce power through techniques like clock gating and low power placement.
Short Circuit, Protective Device Coordinationmichaeljmack
This document discusses short-circuit calculations, protective device coordination, and arc flash analysis. It covers topics such as short-circuit fault types and calculations, the purpose of short-circuit studies, system components involved, and protective device coordination principles. Methods to perform arc flash analysis and mitigate incident energy exposure are also presented, such as improving protective device coordination settings, installing current limiting fuses or circuit breakers, and using Type 50 protective devices.
The document discusses smart grids, providing definitions and comparisons to traditional grids. It outlines key features of smart grids like reliability, efficiency, sustainability, and flexibility. Smart meters are defined as measuring electricity use and allowing two-way communication between utilities and customers. Security is an important aspect to protect smart grid data and ensure integrity, availability, and confidentiality. The document reviews recent literature on smart grid techniques and applications in areas like home energy management, electric vehicle charging, and grid control systems.
The document describes Delta's DVP series of programmable logic controllers (PLCs). It provides an overview of Delta's various PLC models targeting different applications and industries, including standard, motion control, analog I/O, and network PLCs. Key features highlighted include processing speed, memory capacity, built-in interfaces and ports, instruction execution time, and support for industrial communication protocols and motion control functions like electronic cam. Application examples for robot arms and high-speed cutting machines are also mentioned.
This document discusses the challenges of parallel power system simulation. It outlines key challenges including simulating large networks, high switching frequencies for power electronics, and interfacing with physical controllers in real-time. It proposes solutions such as using FPGAs to offload computations and meet tight timing requirements. Case studies demonstrate simulating large systems like HVDC transmission lines in parallel across CPUs and FPGAs with perfect matching to offline simulations.
This document discusses model-in-the-loop real-time simulation using phasor models. It describes how to integrate power system components with voltage source converters (STATCOMs and PV arrays) into a phasor-domain simulation. Various applications are mentioned, including testing wide area control systems and integrating renewable energy. It also presents simulation results comparing ePHASORsim to SimPowerSystems for a test system with STATCOM voltage control.
Ph.d. thesis modeling and simulation of z source inverter design and its con...Dr. Pankaj Zope
This thesis examines modeling and simulation of Z-source inverter design and control strategies. It presents a literature review on traditional voltage source inverters, current source inverters, and Z-source inverters. The thesis then describes the design and operation of Z-source inverters, including their lattice network configuration and switching states. Various control strategies for Z-source inverters are also analyzed, including sinusoidal carrier-based pulse width modulation and simple boost control methods. Simulation results are presented to evaluate the performance of Z-source inverters under different control strategies.
Design and Analysis of DC-DC Bidirectional Converter for Vehicle to Grid Appl...PranayJagtap5
Aim of the Project:
The project aims to design and analysis of bidirectional dc-dc converter for vehicle-to-grid application in Electric Vehicles. The proposed converter can boost the voltage of an energy-storage system (e.g. from battery management system in EV) to a high-voltage AC bus for a particular load demand, during peak load conditions. When the high-voltage AC bus has excess energy, during low load conditions, this energy-storage module can be charged by the AC bus via inverter & bidirectional dc-dc converter.
Problem Statement:
A DC-DC converter is essential for exchanging energy between a storage device and the rest of the system and vise-versa. Such a converter should be able to handle bidirectional power flow capability in all the operating modes with flexible control. Thus, design and analysis of bidirectional DC-DC converters is an important aspect.
Bidirectional DC-DC Converter:
Bidirectional DC-to-DC converter allows power flow in both forward and reverses direction. The bidirectional converter is also called two quadrant converter or four-quadrant converters (if both voltage and current can change direction). It is used as a key device for interfacing the storage device between source and load in renewable energy systems for continuous flow of power because the output of the renewable energy system fluctuates due to changing weather conditions.
There are two modes in a bidirectional converter that is the buck converter and the boost converter. In the buck mode, auxiliary storage is located on the high voltage side whereas, in boost mode, it is situated on the low voltage side.
Introduction to Electric Vehicle & Vehicle-to-Grid(V2G):
Electric Vehicle is an automobile that operates on two or more electric motors powered by a battery pack or combined system of the battery pack and IC engine. There are four types of EVs, as each of them has advantages and disadvantages, they all save fuel and emit fewer GHG than other conventional IC engines. They can also recharge their batteries by the process of regenerative braking, where the electric motor in the EV assists in slowing down the EV and simultaneously recovers portion energy and feeds it to the batteries.
Four types of EVs are as follows:
(1) Hybrid Electric Vehicle (HEV)
(2) Battery Electric Vehicle (BEV)
(3) Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicle (PHEV)
(4) Range Extended Electric Vehicle (REEV)
V2G technology can be defined as a system capable enough to control bi-directional flow of electric energy between a vehicle and the electrical grid. The integration of electric vehicles into the power grid is called the vehicle-to-grid system. As conventional converters are unidirectional, they only work in G2V (Grid-to-Vehicle) mode. In V2G technology the grid is feed by the energy stored in the vehicle battery through the bidirectional converter, where power from the vehicle battery is stepped-up by the BDC.
This document provides information on Siemens medium-voltage gas-insulated arc-resistant switchgear. It discusses the switchgear's increased safety, reliability, and flexibility features. The document includes technical specifications, diagrams, and benefits such as its compact design, high personnel safety, minimized fire load, and maintenance-free components due to its SF6 gas insulation. It also describes innovative features like its video camera system for viewing the selector switch position and capacitive voltage indicators.
The document discusses cycloconverters, which are devices that convert AC power at one frequency to AC power at another frequency in a single stage using thyristors. It describes the different types of cycloconverters including step-up, step-down, single phase, and three phase cycloconverters. It also discusses the principles, components, applications, advantages, and disadvantages of cycloconverters.
The document discusses power electronic systems and electrical drive systems. It provides an overview of power electronic converters, which are the heart of power electronics systems and are used to efficiently control and convert electric power. Modern electrical drive systems use power electronic converters with electric motors for variable speed applications, providing benefits like improved efficiency over classic fixed speed drives. The document describes different types of power electronic converters that can be used for DC drives and AC drives, including AC-DC, DC-DC, and voltage source converters.
This document discusses high voltage substation design, applications, and considerations. It provides an overview of substation basics, electrical configurations, physical design, protection and controls, and coordination of design and construction. The presentation covers typical substation voltage levels, configurations such as ring bus and breaker-and-a-half, factors to consider in the design process such as service conditions and studies required, and reliability comparisons of different configurations. Design guidelines for spacing and clearances are also presented.
three level diode clamp inverter. that converts any type of DC ( rectified, PV cell, battery etc.) to AC supply. we made by mosfet and ardiuno . in this ppt we present the Simulink model of a three-level inverter and the hardware presentation of the inverter.
The document presents information on a PWM rectifier. It discusses that a PWM rectifier is an AC to DC power converter using controlled semiconductor switches. It has features like bi-directional power flow, nearly sinusoidal input current, unity power factor regulation, and low harmonic distortion. The document includes a circuit diagram of a PWM rectifier and mentions it can be a current or voltage type. Advantages are listed as reduced harmonics and controlled output voltage. Future applications are in traction and as an active filter. The future scope is reduced input harmonics and improved power factor for PWM rectifiers.
The document discusses soft starters, which are electronic starters that control the voltage applied to three-phase induction motors during start up and shut down. Soft starters reduce mechanical and electrical stresses by gradually increasing voltage from 0% to 100% over an adjustable ramp time, rather than applying full voltage instantly. This allows the motor to accelerate smoothly and limits high starting currents that can damage equipment. Soft starters provide benefits like reduced component wear, maintenance needs, and power consumption compared to direct-on-line or star-delta starters.
This document discusses smart grid technology. It defines smart grid as an electric grid that uses information and communication technology to gather data and act on information about supplier and consumer behavior. The key components of a smart grid are smart meters, phasor measurement, information transfer, and distributed generation. A smart grid offers benefits like reduced carbon footprint, improved distribution management, self-healing capabilities, and increased efficiency. Specific ideas presented for a smart grid include a power management app that provides household electricity usage insights and allows selling regenerative power back to the grid.
1) The document describes speed control of an induction motor using vector control. Vector control allows independent control of the flux and torque producing components of stator current.
2) A Clarke transformation converts the 3-phase stator currents to a 2-phase stationary reference frame. Then a Park transformation aligns one component with the rotor flux to control flux and the other to control torque.
3) Simulation results show the rotor speed, torque, stator currents in the direct-quadrature frame, and calculated three-phase voltages matching the objectives of vector control.
A power point presentation on smart grid : transforming the traditional grid including difference with traditonal grid ,components , advantage , disadvantages.
The modular SIMATIC S7-1200 controller is at the core of our offering for simple but highly precise automation tasks. The SIMATIC S7-1200 controller is modular and compact, versatile, a secure investment, and is perfectly suited to a whole range of applications.
The S7-1200 CPUs with Safety Integrated handle both standard and safety-related tasks.
A compact design with integrated IO, communication interfaces that meet the highest industry requirements and a range of powerful integrated technological functions make this controller an integral part of a comprehensive automation solution.
The document discusses the electricity sector in India. It provides details on the current installed power capacity in India as of 2011-12, which includes thermal, hydro, nuclear, solar, wind, biomass and other sources. It also discusses the smart grid system which enables two-way communication between utilities and consumers to efficiently deliver power. Key components of a smart grid discussed include smart meters, distribution intelligence, and ability of appliances to communicate with the smart grid and each other. Technical issues in implementing a smart grid like proper network laying, short circuits, overloading etc. are also summarized.
This document discusses trends in industrial control systems, including the introduction and advantages of PLCs, DCS, PC-based control, and SCADA systems. It also covers the evolution from centralized to distributed control with the development of microcomputers and proprietary digital communication lines. Different types of DCS are presented, along with an overview of the Honeywell Plantscape architecture.
Switching characteristics of power electronic devicesSunny Purani
the characteristics of power electronic devices in one touch.
only image files are there & the detailed explanations of these are given in different slide shares.
Low Power VLSI Design Presentation_finalJITENDER -
This document discusses low power VLSI design techniques. It describes sources of power dissipation such as dynamic power from switching and static leakage power. It then discusses several approaches to reduce power consumption, including supply voltage scaling, minimizing switching capacitance through techniques like clock gating, and minimizing leakage through multi-threshold CMOS and power gating. The need for a power intent language to describe low power constructs is also discussed. Finally, it mentions low power EDA tools that can reduce power through techniques like clock gating and low power placement.
Short Circuit, Protective Device Coordinationmichaeljmack
This document discusses short-circuit calculations, protective device coordination, and arc flash analysis. It covers topics such as short-circuit fault types and calculations, the purpose of short-circuit studies, system components involved, and protective device coordination principles. Methods to perform arc flash analysis and mitigate incident energy exposure are also presented, such as improving protective device coordination settings, installing current limiting fuses or circuit breakers, and using Type 50 protective devices.
The document discusses smart grids, providing definitions and comparisons to traditional grids. It outlines key features of smart grids like reliability, efficiency, sustainability, and flexibility. Smart meters are defined as measuring electricity use and allowing two-way communication between utilities and customers. Security is an important aspect to protect smart grid data and ensure integrity, availability, and confidentiality. The document reviews recent literature on smart grid techniques and applications in areas like home energy management, electric vehicle charging, and grid control systems.
The document describes Delta's DVP series of programmable logic controllers (PLCs). It provides an overview of Delta's various PLC models targeting different applications and industries, including standard, motion control, analog I/O, and network PLCs. Key features highlighted include processing speed, memory capacity, built-in interfaces and ports, instruction execution time, and support for industrial communication protocols and motion control functions like electronic cam. Application examples for robot arms and high-speed cutting machines are also mentioned.
This document discusses the challenges of parallel power system simulation. It outlines key challenges including simulating large networks, high switching frequencies for power electronics, and interfacing with physical controllers in real-time. It proposes solutions such as using FPGAs to offload computations and meet tight timing requirements. Case studies demonstrate simulating large systems like HVDC transmission lines in parallel across CPUs and FPGAs with perfect matching to offline simulations.
This document discusses model-in-the-loop real-time simulation using phasor models. It describes how to integrate power system components with voltage source converters (STATCOMs and PV arrays) into a phasor-domain simulation. Various applications are mentioned, including testing wide area control systems and integrating renewable energy. It also presents simulation results comparing ePHASORsim to SimPowerSystems for a test system with STATCOM voltage control.
This document provides an overview of HYPERSIM, a real-time power system simulator developed by OPAL-RT Technologies and Hydro-Quebec. Some key points:
- HYPERSIM is a large-scale power system simulation software that can model systems with thousands of buses and components at time steps as low as 25 microseconds.
- It was originally developed by Hydro-Quebec to test controllers for Quebec's complex transmission grid without disrupting the live system.
- HYPERSIM runs on both supercomputers and standard PCs, allowing users to scale simulations from small test cases to large utility networks.
- It includes models for various power system elements, control systems, and integrated tools for
Microgrid Controller HIL Demonstration PlatformDarcy La Ronde
This document describes a microgrid controller hardware-in-the-loop (HIL) test platform that can be used to test microgrid controllers in a simulated environment before deployment. The platform uses real-time simulation and hardware devices to model a microgrid test feeder and distributed energy resources. It allows integration and testing of various commercial microgrid controllers to validate their performance under different operating conditions and stimuli in a controlled, low-risk environment.
The document describes the OP4500, a new low-cost hardware platform for real-time control prototyping (RCP) and hardware-in-the-loop (HIL) simulation systems. The OP4500 uses an Intel i7 processor and Xilinx FPGA to provide high performance real-time simulation capabilities. It has various I/O options and is compact, portable, and offers a low entry-level price point for applications like mechatronic systems testing, power electronics control, and more.
2017 Atlanta Regional User Seminar - Real-Time Microgrid DemosOPAL-RT TECHNOLOGIES
This document discusses challenges in simulating distributed energy resources and microgrids in real-time including bidirectional power flow, integration of new technologies, controls, islanding operations, and communication networks. It also describes a real-time hardware-in-the-loop simulation platform that models a microgrid test system containing generators, loads, energy storage and PV to evaluate commercial microgrid controllers under different operating conditions and grid connection scenarios.
OPAL-RT RT14 Conference: HIL testing of protection relays using HYPERSIMOPAL-RT TECHNOLOGIES
The document summarizes workshops on hardware-in-the-loop testing of protection relays using HYPERSIM real-time simulation software. The workshops covered an introduction to HIL testing and HYPERSIM, HIL testing of an ALP 4000 relay and a P476 relay using HYPERSIM test benches, and conclusions. HIL testing using real-time simulators allows detailed testing of protection schemes operation under different faults and conditions.
This document discusses power hardware-in-the-loop (PHIL) simulation. PHIL involves virtually exchanging power between a simulation environment and real hardware, unlike traditional hardware-in-the-loop which only involves signal exchange. The document outlines the benefits of PHIL including testing power systems, electronics, and controllers. It then lists several potential applications for PHIL simulation in fields like grid systems, motors, aerospace, automotive, and transportation. Finally, it presents some hardware solutions from OPAL-RT and partners that enable PHIL simulation.
Christian Larose from Hydro-Québec presented on their use of the Hypersim real-time power system simulator. Hypersim is used for hardware-in-the-loop testing and offline simulation of FACTS devices, HVDC systems, wind power integration, and smart grid technologies. It provides flexibility to integrate various models and has been valuable for testing controls and strategies. Hydro-Québec's system includes over 37 GW of generation capacity including large amounts of wind power, and Hypersim allows them to simulate this complex system including detailed wind plant models.
This document summarizes a presentation by Guillaume Boué of OPAL-RT on their rapid control prototyping solutions. The presentation covers an introduction to OPAL-RT, why rapid control prototyping is useful, OPAL-RT technology including their real-time computers and software interface, application highlights in areas like electric motor drives and modular multilevel converters, and a question and answer section. Key benefits outlined are finding errors early to reduce costs, easily building and tweaking control designs in real-time, and efficiently addressing power electronics, electric drive, and power systems challenges.
When designing generator systems, consulting engineers must ensure that the generators and the building electrical systems that they support are appropriate for the specific application. Whether providing standby power for health care facilities or prime power for rural processing plants, engineers must make decisions regarding generator sizing, load types, whether generators should be paralleled, fuel storage, switching scenarios, and many other criteria. In addition to being up to speed on the applicable codes, consulting engineers must work with the authorities having jurisdiction (AHJ) to ensure approval for the generator system is attained.
RT15 Berkeley | Power HIL Simulator (SimP) A prototype to develop a high band...OPAL-RT TECHNOLOGIES
This document discusses the development of a prototype high bandwidth power interface called a Power Simulator (SimP). The prototype aims to validate control algorithms and develop a stable interface between a power amplifier and real-time power system simulator. Key aspects of the prototype include a self-powered multi-level converter prototype, controller design, and interfacing the converter with a real-time simulator to test equipment performance and simulation models in a closed loop. The prototype will help inform the design of a full-scale Power Simulator for testing smart grid and renewable energy technologies.
The document describes the Typhoon HIL602, a hardware-in-the-loop system for testing power electronics controllers. It has 32 analog outputs, 16 analog inputs, and high-speed processing. The HIL602 can model up to 6 power converters in real-time and interface with controllers. It features easy-to-use software for modeling circuits, running simulations, capturing signals, and automating testing with Python scripts. The HIL602 and clustering multiple units provides an comprehensive test environment for developing and certifying power electronics controls.
This document discusses the debate around whether paralleling generators is a good idea for hospital standby power systems. It provides an overview of how generator paralleling works, including the requirements and components needed. The advantages of paralleling include increased reliability if one generator fails, more flexibility, and better overall system performance compared to a single generator. While paralleling equipment adds some costs, proponents argue the reliability benefits are worth it. However, some argue hospitals could save money by not using paralleling and instead implementing load shedding of lower priority equipment in an outage. The document examines both perspectives on this issue.
RT15 Berkeley | Introduction to FPGA Power Electronic & Electric Machine real...OPAL-RT TECHNOLOGIES
FPGA simulation provides high-fidelity models for hardware-in-the-loop testing of electric machines and power electronics. It allows control algorithms to be tested with highly resolved non-ideal behaviors faster and at lower cost compared to physical testing. The document discusses how eFPGAsim utilizes FPGA technologies to simulate electric drive systems with models exported from finite element analysis, improving collaboration between design and control engineers.
This is a presentation of research in the field of automation of steam turbines power upon 200MW of the group of Process Automation at Institute Mihajlo Pupin, Belgrade. In short, this is a model of steam turbine, which is used during the development of control algorithms steam turbine, power plant personnel training and optimization of steam turbine operation. The model has been adapted to work in real time and is applied in the form of hardware in the loop (HIL) simulation.
The document provides an overview of inverter-based solar photovoltaic power plants. It discusses the key electrical components of a PV plant including the PV source, combiner boxes, power conversion stations, medium voltage transformers, and the central plant controller. The central controller manages plant control functions like active power control, voltage regulation, and power factor control. It also coordinates grid integration functions such as voltage and frequency ride-through. The document explains how inverters are used to interface DC power sources to the grid and discusses common inverter control functions including sequencing, protection, external references, monitoring, and regulating functions like current/voltage control loops.
OPAL-RT RT14 Conference: Experience in power plant with RT-LAB BERTA test benchOPAL-RT TECHNOLOGIES
This document summarizes Marc Langevin's presentation at the 7th International Conference on Real-Time Simulation Technology in Montreal in June 2014. The presentation discussed using OPAL-RT's RT-LAB BERTA test bench to validate dynamic models of power plant generators and tune governor settings to improve frequency stability through real-time simulation experiments. The BERTA test bench was used to test generators at hydro, gas, and diesel power plants by injecting simulated frequency signals and analyzing the plant's response in both open and closed-loop scenarios.
Energy in Factory Automation and the Role of Industrial NetworksPlantEngineering
In today’s world energy cost big dollars for manufactures and the fact is most plants don’t know where there energy is being used. To help with this problem the Industrial Network communities are providing common interfaces to gather and control energy in the industrial space. This presentation will focus on aspects of Energy where it relates to Industrial Automation and some of the challenges we face. We will also cover upcoming initiative for interfacing to the smart grid for demand response request.
Energy in Factory Automation and the Role of Industrial Networks ControlEng
In today’s world energy cost big dollars for manufactures and the fact is most plants don’t know where there energy is being used. To help with this problem the Industrial Network communities are providing common interfaces to gather and control energy in the industrial space. This presentation will focus on aspects of Energy where it relates to Industrial Automation and some of the challenges we face. We will also cover upcoming initiative for interfacing to the smart grid for demand response request.
The document describes the Power Systems Experience Center (PSEC), a full-scale laboratory and demonstration facility operated by Eaton Corporation near Pittsburgh. At PSEC, visitors can observe product testing, participate in live demonstrations of various power technologies, and learn about advances in electrical power quality and energy management from Eaton experts. The facility consists of eight areas that simulate different operating environments, including commercial, industrial, residential, and data center power systems, as well as green technologies like solar panels and electric vehicle charging stations. Over 3,000 visitors per year from various industries attend PSEC to see new technologies, consult with experts, and evaluate electrical equipment.
The document describes the Power Systems Experience Center (PSEC), a full-scale laboratory and demonstration facility operated by Eaton Corporation near Pittsburgh. At PSEC, visitors can observe product testing, participate in live demonstrations of various power technologies, and learn about advances in electrical power quality and energy management from Eaton experts. The facility consists of eight areas that simulate different operating environments, including commercial, industrial, residential, and data center power systems, as well as green technologies like solar panels and electric vehicle charging stations. Over 3,000 visitors per year from various industries attend PSEC to see new technologies, consult with experts, and evaluate electrical equipment.
This document describes the features and capabilities of HYPERSIM, a real-time simulator from OPAL-RT, for protective relay testing. HYPERSIM allows testing relays in a closed-loop with detailed EMT models, automation of complex test sequences, analysis of relay performance under various faults and interactions, and generation of detailed reports. It supports modeling of power systems, communication protocols like IEC 61850, and integration with other equipment. TestView is used to automate testing, analyze results, and manage test data in databases for archiving. ScopeView and additional analysis tools allow detailed evaluation of relay behavior under different conditions.
This document summarizes a presentation about modeling modular multilevel converters (MMCs) for hardware-in-the-loop (HIL) and rapid control prototyping (RCP) solutions. It introduces MMC technology, discusses challenges in modeling MMCs for HIL, and demonstrates an MMC HIL system. Benefits of MMC HIL and RCP applications are described. An example MMC modeling project for the France-Spain electricity interconnection is also summarized.
Case Study - Fujitsu_Malaga_Perth - (TIA 942) - 20110722Chris Dow
The document compares the original design for a data center in Perth, WA using static UPS systems and standby diesel generators to an alternative design using Hitec Diesel Rotary UPS (DRUPS) systems. The DRUPS design simplified the distribution scheme, reduced equipment needs and costs, increased usable floor space, met tier III reliability standards, and lowered the total building load and operating expenses over 10 years compared to the original static UPS design. The completed Malaga Data Center facility utilizing the DRUPS solution won awards for energy efficiency and best building fit out over $20 million.
Similar to OPAL-RT Power Hardware-In-the-Loop presentation (20)
Detailed large-scale real-time HYPERSIM EMT simulation for transient stabilit...OPAL-RT TECHNOLOGIES
Towards cloud-based real-time HIL for wide-area special control and protection system testing
Presented by: Jean Belanger, President and CTO of OPAL-RT TECHNOLOGIES
Abstract: High penetration of inverter-based Distributed Energy Resources (DERs), widespread installation of FACTS and HVDC interconnection systems, and the decommissioning of thermal and nuclear plants are significantly reducing inertia in large-scale power systems. Fast power-electronics based control and protection schemes act to stabilize these systems, but they are sensitive to harmonics, transients, and system imbalances. It has been shown that simplified positive-sequence RMS models alone are insufficient for Transient Stability Assessment (TSA) of large-scale, low-inertia power grids. Therefore, utilities and regulators such as NERC, as well as professional associations such as CIGRE and IEEE, have begun investigating detailed EMT simulation to assess the transient stability of large-scale, low-inertia power grids that include power-electronic plant controllers.
However, detailed EMT simulation of large-scale power grids for 20 to 30 second time-frames and hundreds of contingencies presents a number of computational and analytic challenges including excessive simulation time, large-scale grid data management and the unavailability of detailed and validated models of power-electronic plant controllers. Furthermore, these plant controllers, if they are provided by OEMs, are in the form of blackbox, pre-compiled DLLs, which are implemented for specific simulation tools, without any interoperability standard.
This presentation will describe OPAL-RT solutions to achieve very large-scale, detailed grid EMT simulation in real-time for Hardware-in-the-Loop (HIL) / Software-in-the-Loop (SIL) control and protection testing, as well as quasi-real-time simulation for fast TSA evaluation of large-scale, low-inertia power systems. With these solutions, blackboxcontrol and protection systems can be implemented natively in the EMT simulation tool, HYPERSIM. PSCAD DLLs can also be co-simulated with HYPERSIM using a software interface based on the CIGRE model-interoperability guidelines.
Such advances will accelerate connection studies and can be used to implement cloud-native tools to help operators assess system stability with hundreds of contingencies in 5-to 10-minute time-frames. This performance can be achieved for grids having several thousand busses with a 50-microsecond time-step using a few hundred processors.
As HYPERSIM runs under Windows or LINUX, powerful cloud-based applications can be implemented for TSA and to test wide area control and protection systems using SIL or HIL with real control and protection software and hardware. Communication system emulators, such as eXata can also be used to analyze cyber-attacks and countermeasures as well as to evaluate the effect of communication failures and delays on system performance.
Learn more at www.opal-rt.com
OPAL-RT held their Regional User Seminar in Atlanta, GA on February 15th, 2017. Presentations from the seminar will be made available on their FTP site in the coming days. Upcoming events in both the US and Canada were also announced, including the 4th International Grid Simulator Testing Workshop in April 2017, CPES Annual Conference in Virginia in April 2017, and OPAL-RT's User Group Conference #RT17 in Montreal, Canada from September 5-8, 2017. Attendees were asked to complete a survey about the seminar before leaving.
2017 Atlanta Regional User Seminar - Using OPAL-RT Real-Time Simulation and H...OPAL-RT TECHNOLOGIES
This document summarizes a presentation given by Shuhui Li at an Opal-RT user seminar on February 15, 2017 in Atlanta, GA. The presentation covered Li's research using Opal-RT real-time simulation and hardware-in-the-loop systems for power and energy systems at the University of Alabama. Specific topics included solar energy conversion and grid integration, electric vehicle charging stations, microgrid control, interior permanent magnet motor control for EVs, and an NSF-funded research center on efficient vehicles. Real-time simulation and hardware experiments were shown for various applications including solar PV systems, energy storage, electric vehicle charging, and inverter control for grid-connected microgrids and permanent magnet synchronous motors.
2017 Atlanta Regional User Seminar - Virtualizing Industrial Control Systems ...OPAL-RT TECHNOLOGIES
This document discusses virtualizing industrial control systems to create testbeds for cybersecurity research. It describes creating a high-fidelity virtual copy of a physical SCADA system and comparing results between the physical and virtual testbeds under normal and attack conditions. As an example, it details virtualizing a gas pipeline testbed that includes sensors, actuators, a programmable logic controller and human-machine interface. It also discusses expanding the virtual gas pipeline testbed and virtualizing additional systems like a water storage tank and power system using the same approach.
2017 Atlanta Regional User Seminar - Residential Battery Storage Systems. Des...OPAL-RT TECHNOLOGIES
Sonnen is a leading manufacturer of residential battery storage systems in Europe and the US. They use Opal-RT hardware-in-the-loop systems to test the dynamic operation of bi-directional inverters, optimize battery charging and discharging algorithms using real weather and demand data, validate and test new software releases, and develop algorithms to monitor battery health by measuring impedance. The Opal-RT systems allow accelerated testing without external hardware.
2017 Atlanta Regional User Seminar - Real-Time Volt/Var Optimization Scheme f...OPAL-RT TECHNOLOGIES
This presentation discusses real-time optimization schemes for distribution systems with high PV integration. It proposes using PV inverter reactive power control to minimize voltage deviations and power losses. A day-ahead optimization determines inverter VARs, OLTC taps, and capacitor states. An online control adjusts inverter VARs in real-time to compensate for forecast errors. Case studies show the approach reduces objective function values. Distributed control algorithms using multiple embedded controllers communicating over a network are also investigated through real-time simulation.
The document summarizes the agenda for OPAL-RT's Regional User Seminar in Atlanta, GA on February 15th, 2017. It includes panels on real-time power system simulation, partner technology overviews, hardware-in-the-loop applications, and real-time microgrid demos. It also provides updates on OPAL-RT's expansion in Latin America, research collaborations in the US, involvement in an aircraft technology project in Canada, and new product features and releases.
In this webinar, learn how OPAL-RT's state-of-the-art Hardware-in-the-Loop (HIL) simulation solutions empower engineers to design and test ECUs, and other integrated power electronic systems and controllers, with efficiency.
E.ON Energy Research Center builds first interface between OPAL-RT and RTDS Technologies real-time simulators, opens new collaborative research opportunities
This document summarizes a webinar about cybersecurity for power grids. It introduces OPAL-RT, a company that provides real-time digital simulators for power systems. It then discusses how modern power grids are vulnerable to cyberattacks as they incorporate more intelligent technologies. The rest of the webinar focuses on how real-time simulation can be used to assess cybersecurity risks, research attack mitigation systems, and test compliance with new standards. Speakers from OPAL-RT and the Pacific Northwest National Laboratory discuss their work using real-time simulation for cybersecurity applications.
The OP1200, Lab-Scale Modular Multilevel Converters Test Bench, is dedicated to the hardware verification of new control algorithms for new and existing power electronic converter topologies. It is used for experimental work on converter interactions and network control.
OPAL-RT | Setup and Performance of a Combined Hardware-in-loop and Software-i...OPAL-RT TECHNOLOGIES
1. The document describes a combined hardware-in-loop (HIL) and software-in-loop (SIL) test for an MMC-HVDC control and protection system using a real-time simulator.
2. The test setup involves using FPGAs to simulate the low-level valve controller in the pole controller hardware, while simulating the rest of the grid and MMC station.
3. Test results demonstrated the start and stop sequence of the MMC, its real power step response, and capacitor voltage balancing worked as specified.
ePHASORsim is a real-time transient stability simulation tool that can simulate large power systems with thousands of nodes using a phasor domain solution with time-steps in the range of milliseconds. It can run simulations both offline and in real-time on RT-LAB enabled simulators. It has a variety of features including modeling of transmission and distribution systems, flexible data input formats, on-the-fly parameter changes, measurements and monitoring, parallel processing, and support for communication protocols and functional mock-up interface. It has been used for applications such as operator training, wide area monitoring, state estimation, and automatic control.
1. HYPERSIM is a real-time power system simulator developed through a collaboration between IREQ, RTE, China State Grid, and OPAL-RT to model power systems and power electronics from nanoseconds to milliseconds.
2. It is designed for power system engineers to simulate large EMT models in parallel on supercomputers, and integrate with other simulators like ePHASORsim and eMEGAsim.
3. HYPERSIM includes modeling, visualization, automation, and reporting tools and can interface with hardware in the loop controllers for applications like large scale wind power integration studies.
RT15 Berkeley | Real-time simulation as a prime tool for Cybersecurity - OPAL-RTOPAL-RT TECHNOLOGIES
1. Real-time simulation is useful for testing cybersecurity of modern power systems which rely on complex controls and protection systems.
2. Distribution systems are becoming as complex as transmission networks due to renewable energy, power electronics, and wide-area control systems, making security and performance reliant on testing of integrated controls.
3. Cybersecurity risks to power systems include threats like human error or hackers exploiting vulnerabilities in design flaws, system complexity, or testing limitations, which could have consequences like economic losses or equipment damage.
RT15 Berkeley | OPAL-RT Solutions for Microgrid ApplicationsOPAL-RT TECHNOLOGIES
This document discusses OPAL-RT's solution for microgrid applications real-time simulation. It addresses challenges in simulating large power systems and ensuring accuracy of power electronics circuits. OPAL-RT's State Space Nodal method allows simulation of large power distribution systems across multiple processors without affecting system behavior. It also supports accurate power electronics simulation from medium-speed to high-speed controllers using various OPAL-RT tools. The document demonstrates these capabilities through a live demo of a microgrid system.
RT15 Berkeley | ARTEMiS-SSN Features for Micro-grid / Renewable Energy Sourc...OPAL-RT TECHNOLOGIES
This document discusses using real-time simulation technologies to test phasor measurement units (PMUs) and PMU applications. It outlines different solvers for real-time simulation, including real-time phasor simulation and real-time electromagnetic transient simulation. It also discusses communication protocols supported by real-time simulators like IEC 61850 and IEEE C37.118. Examples are provided of how real-time simulation has been used to test PMUs and develop wide-area monitoring, protection, and control systems.
RT15 Berkeley | Requirements on Power Amplifiers and HIL Real-Time Processors...OPAL-RT TECHNOLOGIES
The document discusses the requirements for power amplifiers and hardware-in-the-loop (HIL) real-time processors in implementing power HIL test benches. It notes that sampling rates need to be considered between the signal source and amplifier to accurately reproduce waveforms. Delays between components also impact phase shift and whether open or closed-loop systems will remain stable. The key factors that determine suitable setups are the signal frequency and processing delays of different hardware options like FPGAs and CPUs.
This presentation by Nathaniel Lane, Associate Professor in Economics at Oxford University, was made during the discussion “Pro-competitive Industrial Policy” held at the 143rd meeting of the OECD Competition Committee on 12 June 2024. More papers and presentations on the topic can be found at oe.cd/pcip.
This presentation was uploaded with the author’s consent.
The importance of sustainable and efficient computational practices in artificial intelligence (AI) and deep learning has become increasingly critical. This webinar focuses on the intersection of sustainability and AI, highlighting the significance of energy-efficient deep learning, innovative randomization techniques in neural networks, the potential of reservoir computing, and the cutting-edge realm of neuromorphic computing. This webinar aims to connect theoretical knowledge with practical applications and provide insights into how these innovative approaches can lead to more robust, efficient, and environmentally conscious AI systems.
Webinar Speaker: Prof. Claudio Gallicchio, Assistant Professor, University of Pisa
Claudio Gallicchio is an Assistant Professor at the Department of Computer Science of the University of Pisa, Italy. His research involves merging concepts from Deep Learning, Dynamical Systems, and Randomized Neural Systems, and he has co-authored over 100 scientific publications on the subject. He is the founder of the IEEE CIS Task Force on Reservoir Computing, and the co-founder and chair of the IEEE Task Force on Randomization-based Neural Networks and Learning Systems. He is an associate editor of IEEE Transactions on Neural Networks and Learning Systems (TNNLS).
Carrer goals.pptx and their importance in real lifeartemacademy2
Career goals serve as a roadmap for individuals, guiding them toward achieving long-term professional aspirations and personal fulfillment. Establishing clear career goals enables professionals to focus their efforts on developing specific skills, gaining relevant experience, and making strategic decisions that align with their desired career trajectory. By setting both short-term and long-term objectives, individuals can systematically track their progress, make necessary adjustments, and stay motivated. Short-term goals often include acquiring new qualifications, mastering particular competencies, or securing a specific role, while long-term goals might encompass reaching executive positions, becoming industry experts, or launching entrepreneurial ventures.
Moreover, having well-defined career goals fosters a sense of purpose and direction, enhancing job satisfaction and overall productivity. It encourages continuous learning and adaptation, as professionals remain attuned to industry trends and evolving job market demands. Career goals also facilitate better time management and resource allocation, as individuals prioritize tasks and opportunities that advance their professional growth. In addition, articulating career goals can aid in networking and mentorship, as it allows individuals to communicate their aspirations clearly to potential mentors, colleagues, and employers, thereby opening doors to valuable guidance and support. Ultimately, career goals are integral to personal and professional development, driving individuals toward sustained success and fulfillment in their chosen fields.
This presentation by Professor Giuseppe Colangelo, Jean Monnet Professor of European Innovation Policy, was made during the discussion “The Intersection between Competition and Data Privacy” held at the 143rd meeting of the OECD Competition Committee on 13 June 2024. More papers and presentations on the topic can be found at oe.cd/ibcdp.
This presentation was uploaded with the author’s consent.
This presentation by OECD, OECD Secretariat, was made during the discussion “Competition and Regulation in Professions and Occupations” held at the 77th meeting of the OECD Working Party No. 2 on Competition and Regulation on 10 June 2024. More papers and presentations on the topic can be found at oe.cd/crps.
This presentation was uploaded with the author’s consent.
This presentation by OECD, OECD Secretariat, was made during the discussion “Artificial Intelligence, Data and Competition” held at the 143rd meeting of the OECD Competition Committee on 12 June 2024. More papers and presentations on the topic can be found at oe.cd/aicomp.
This presentation was uploaded with the author’s consent.
This presentation by Yong Lim, Professor of Economic Law at Seoul National University School of Law, was made during the discussion “Artificial Intelligence, Data and Competition” held at the 143rd meeting of the OECD Competition Committee on 12 June 2024. More papers and presentations on the topic can be found at oe.cd/aicomp.
This presentation was uploaded with the author’s consent.
XP 2024 presentation: A New Look to Leadershipsamililja
Presentation slides from XP2024 conference, Bolzano IT. The slides describe a new view to leadership and combines it with anthro-complexity (aka cynefin).
Why Psychological Safety Matters for Software Teams - ACE 2024 - Ben Linders.pdfBen Linders
Psychological safety in teams is important; team members must feel safe and able to communicate and collaborate effectively to deliver value. It’s also necessary to build long-lasting teams since things will happen and relationships will be strained.
But, how safe is a team? How can we determine if there are any factors that make the team unsafe or have an impact on the team’s culture?
In this mini-workshop, we’ll play games for psychological safety and team culture utilizing a deck of coaching cards, The Psychological Safety Cards. We will learn how to use gamification to gain a better understanding of what’s going on in teams. Individuals share what they have learned from working in teams, what has impacted the team’s safety and culture, and what has led to positive change.
Different game formats will be played in groups in parallel. Examples are an ice-breaker to get people talking about psychological safety, a constellation where people take positions about aspects of psychological safety in their team or organization, and collaborative card games where people work together to create an environment that fosters psychological safety.
This presentation by Professor Alex Robson, Deputy Chair of Australia’s Productivity Commission, was made during the discussion “Competition and Regulation in Professions and Occupations” held at the 77th meeting of the OECD Working Party No. 2 on Competition and Regulation on 10 June 2024. More papers and presentations on the topic can be found at oe.cd/crps.
This presentation was uploaded with the author’s consent.
This presentation by Tim Capel, Director of the UK Information Commissioner’s Office Legal Service, was made during the discussion “The Intersection between Competition and Data Privacy” held at the 143rd meeting of the OECD Competition Committee on 13 June 2024. More papers and presentations on the topic can be found at oe.cd/ibcdp.
This presentation was uploaded with the author’s consent.
This presentation by OECD, OECD Secretariat, was made during the discussion “Pro-competitive Industrial Policy” held at the 143rd meeting of the OECD Competition Committee on 12 June 2024. More papers and presentations on the topic can be found at oe.cd/pcip.
This presentation was uploaded with the author’s consent.
This presentation by Thibault Schrepel, Associate Professor of Law at Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam University, was made during the discussion “Artificial Intelligence, Data and Competition” held at the 143rd meeting of the OECD Competition Committee on 12 June 2024. More papers and presentations on the topic can be found at oe.cd/aicomp.
This presentation was uploaded with the author’s consent.
This presentation by OECD, OECD Secretariat, was made during the discussion “The Intersection between Competition and Data Privacy” held at the 143rd meeting of the OECD Competition Committee on 13 June 2024. More papers and presentations on the topic can be found at oe.cd/ibcdp.
This presentation was uploaded with the author’s consent.
5. 55
HIL or CIL (Controller-in-the-Loop) simulation is a real-time plant
model (grid …) interfaced to a piece of hardware under test
usually with low-power signal interfaces
Hardware-in-the-Loop (low power interface cases)
HIL or CIL (Controller-in-the-Loop) Relay with IEC 61850 …
Or +- 10V inputs
Hardware under test
Real control,
protection devices and
communication systems
SCADA (SPS)
DNP3, IEC …104
OPTIONAL LOW-POWER
Signal conditioning
(+- 1 to 10V, few mA)
Optical fibers and
communication systems
Real-Time
Simulator
HVDC
FACTS
uGRIDMotor drive
PV, Wind gen
6. 66
In some cases, high-voltage and high curent interfaces are required.
Hardware-in-the-Loop (high-power interface cases)
HIL or CIL (controller –in- the-Loop)
Relay with 120V and
50A inputs
Hardware under test
Controller with high
current and high-voltage
inputs
Real devices
2Q Low-Power
High-voltage
and high-
current
amplifiers
High-voltage (60 to 200V) and high-current (5A to 100A) high-frequency and high
accuracy amplifiers are required to interface with some controllers and protection
systems. The power rating is relatively low and the amplifier load does not influence
the simulation.
Low Power Feedback signalsOptional signal
conditioning
Real-Time
Simulator
7. 77
PHIL simulation is the integrated simulation of a complete system
with one part simulated numerically and the other part using real
devices.
Power Hardware-in-the-Loop
Real devices
Under Tests
The amplifier must have the capability to feed the device under
test and to absorb power generated by the devices.
The amplifier loads will influence the global simulation.
PHIL
2Q or 4Q POWER
AMPLIFIERS
with optional coupling
inductors and transformers
Voltage and Current Feedback
INVERTER
MOTOR
PV system
Wind turbine
uGRID
Other…
Real-Time
Simulator
8. 88
High-fidelity real-time power electronics and power system plant models
combined with a quality amplifier can match the performance of a
dynamometer or analog bench to achieve a 90% confidence-level that the
system will perform as expected.*
• PHIL allows developers to test a wider range of characteristics than analog
benches or dynos with less maintenance and setup time.
Allowing robustness of the hardware under test over a wider variation of
parameters, characteristics and faults.
• In addition to interacting with the hardware, PHIL simulators are often
used to simulate communication networks (CAN,DNP3, ARINC, 61850,
others).
Allowing Integration of multiple protocols/systems into a single system.
• A PHIL simulator creates a robust, flexible, versatile, and reliable system
Allowing multiple experiments for multiple programs or research.
Power Hardware-in-the-Loop: Benefits
*Source: Delphi
9. 99
Power Hardware-in-the-Loop: Benefits:
Complementary tools to SIL, HIL and DYNO testing
SIL
(software in
the loop)
Fully numerical
off-line/fast
parallel
simulation
HIL
can be used for
very large-scaled
system
simulation not
possible with
DYNO or PHIL
RCP or actual controllers
DYNO
Specialized Analog
benches systems
RCP or actual
controllers
• RCP+ DYNO: component testing
• Emulated mechanical system using the dyno and the
simulated torque
• Use of actual motors and inverters for maximum
accuracy
• Final testing but with limited functionalities
Controllers
implemented in software
• RCP+PHIL: system aspects
• Emulated Power Grid/microGrids or on-board
generation systems and loads (ship, aircrafts,
automobiles) to analyze interactions between several
subsystems
• Each subsystem
• Can be the actual systems operating under
normal voltages and power rating
• Or scaled-down analog models
• Or emulated PHIL models
• Enable to make power tests without detail models
(black box)
• Enable to make tests impracticable or too risky to do
with the dyno (faults, over-speed …)
• Enable inverter thermal testing without actual
motors or complex systems
PHIL
Analog benches
with large grid emulation
Model validation &
parameter identifications
as required for HIL and SIL
11. 1111
PHIL Applications
Grid Applications
• Grid Emulator (50, 60, 400 Hz)
• Grid Load
• PV-Inverter Emulation
• Wind-Generator Emulation
• Grid Inverter Emulation
• Microgrid Applications
Motor Applications
• Motor / Generator Emulator
• Drive Inverter Emulator
• Frequency Inverter Emulator
Aerospace / Military
• 400 Hz Supply Grid Emulator
• DC-Supply Emulation
• 400 Hz Aerospace Device Emulator
• AC-DC Coupling Emulator
Automotive Applications
• Electrical Drive Train Emulation
• Battery Emulator
• Drive Inverter Emulator
• Motor Emulator
• eVehicle Applications
• eVehicle Charging Station Emulator
• Test Bench for Charging
Transportation
• Supply Grid Emulator
• Machine Emulator
• Inverter Emulator
• Electrical Drive-Train Emulation
Courtesy of
EGSTON
Model validation & parameter identifications
as required for HIL and SIL
12. 1212
Power Hardware-in-the-Loop: Amplifiers
PHIL
2Q or 4Q POWER
AMPLIFIERS
with optional coupling
inductors and transformers
Voltage and Current Feedback
INVERTER
MOTOR
PV system
Wind turbine
uGRID
Other…
For PHIL applications, OPAL-RT’s simulators can be delivered with standard or
custom amplifiers that meet the most demanding requirements with
• Scalability: few hundred watts to megawatt
• 2Q (power generation) and 4Q mode (generation and absorption)
• High accuracy, low distortion and low phase lag
• Low or high bandwidth depending on the applications
Real-Time
Simulator
13. 1313
Applications vs Amplifier Types
2Q Amplifier Generates Power :
• When simulating PV cells
• When simulating fuel-cells
• When output is connected to passive resistive loads (power factor
close to 1)
• When output is connected to relays or controller with high-current
inputs (HIL mode)
4Q Amplifier Generates and Absorbs Power:
• When driving active loads (ex. : motor/generator)
• When emulating a grid
• When emulating a load
• When emulating a battery (energy supply and charging mode)
• When connected to capacitive or inductive loads (low power factor)
Amplifier design depends a lot on the type of loads and the capability to absorb
active and reactive power and to return the energy to the grid
14. 1414
Applications vs Amplifier Types
AC AMPLIFIER: (monophase or triphase)
• When emulating a grid(4Q)
• When emulating AC motors(4Q)
• When connected to AC motors(4Q)
• When connected to AC/DC converters(4Q)
• When simulating a DC/AC controller(4Q)
DC AMPLIFIER:
• When simulating PV-cells(2Q)
• When simulating fuel-cells(2Q)
• When connected to DC/AC controllers(4Q)
• When simulating an AC/DC controllers(4Q)
• When simulating and/or connected to a battery(4Q)
In most cases amplifiers with DC and AC capability up to the maximum specified bandwidth
will be used to reproduce DC current transients during faults simultaneously with
electromagnetic transients that will be applied on equipment under tests and to increase
overall system fidelity, bandwidth and stability. Case-by-case analysis must be performed.
16. 1616
Case Study: NITECH Assembly
SIMULATED:
• 3-phase grid with loads
• Two SVRs
• One SVC
CONNECTED:
• 18 kW amplifier
• Load
• Battery emulator
• Two DC power supplies
• Wind turbine emulator
• PV emulator
Power Grid EmulatorMicroGrid
Emulator with
actual equipment
17. 1717
Case study: NITHECH Smart Grid project (Japan)
Modern distribution systems with several active loads and
storage systems require advance voltage controllers
• The goal is of PHIL experiment are
• To test several Volt & Var controller logic using real equipment
(PV, FC, micro wind turbines, storage equipment)
• To develop controllers
• To analyse various steady-state and fault conditions
Needs :
18. 1818
Case Study: NITECH PHIL Setup
Supervision
PV Power
Plant
EMULATORS (Source – Load – Wind Farm)
Wind FarmIndustry
(load)
AC Experimental grid
Real Time
simulation
Computer network
18 kVA
Power
amplifier
EMULATORS (PV – Storage)
Battery &
Charger
19. 1919
Case Study: NITECH – Amplifier Connection
AMPLIFIER CONNECTION
VOLTAGE CONTROL
• Vu, Vv, Vw
• 1 step delay
CURRENT RESPONSE
• Iu, Iv, Iw
• 1 step delay
AMPLIFIER RESPONSE
20. 2020
Case Study: Japanese Smart House Project
In a Smart House, the energy generation, energy consumption
control and energy storage are all integrated, with individual
components.
The goal of PHIL experiment is
• To ensure control logics for an adequate energy supply at all times
and also minimize the number of storage units needed, because
rechargeable batteries are still a high cost factor
• To analyse the effect of power grid transients on house electronic
• To analyse interactions between houses
Needs :
21. 2121
Case Study: Japanese Smart House Project
Smart house has regenerative
energy installations such as
photovoltaics, solar thermal
devices, wind power and
energy storage.
The interaction between
houses and the distribution
network must be carefully
analysed
22. 2222
Case Study: Japanese Smart House Project
2 kVA DC Amplifier
Real-Time Simulation
Time Step 50 us
REAL HOUSE
Real house
box added
23. 2323
Needs:
• To test a 3-Phase BLDC motor sensorless controller with trapezoidal
back EMF at power levels lower than 100W in steady state.
• The PHIL bench needs to generate and absorb power like a real DC
motor.
• Open-Circuit and Short Circuit faults required.
• Possibility to reuse the hardware in future application (versatility and
upgradability).
Case Study: Plastic Omnium - France
3-Phase Electrical Motor PHIL – 1200 W Setup
25. 2525
Image source: http://www.mpoweruk.com/motorsbrushless.htm
Consulted 01/19/2015
Case Study: Plastic Omnium
3-Phase Electrical Motor PHIL Schematic
OP4500 HIL
simulator
The FPGA motor models of the OP4500 simulator will control the
amplifier to have an accurate simulation of the motor back EMF
and impedance. FEA based motor model can be used
Actual Controller
inverter under test
Motor Emulator Real RL impedance for each branch of
the motor to simulate motor
inductance
KEPCO 4Q Amplifier
26. 2626
BLDC Motor 3 Phases motor of 100W
• Real-Time simulation of the Motor on
FPGA
Max PWM Frequency: 20Khz
Time-Step: 500 ns
Model vs theoretical precision within 1%
• Amplifier 20V-20A Kepco (BOP 20-
20ML)
Nominal Power 400 Watts (4Q)
Loads connected in Delta or Star
• Possibility to perform multiple faults:
Short-Circuit (Phase-Phase)
Open-Circuit per phase
Short Circuit (Phase-Battery)
• Programmable Loads
Case Study: Plastic Omnium
3-Phase Electrical Motor PHIL – 1200W Setup
27. 2727
Case Study: L2EP
• Studies on impact of energy storage
systems, in terms of efficiency, quality
and services on the network
• Studies of new architectures :
microgrid, island networks
• Production sources & storage systems
coordination, in order to optimize
quality and stability of embedded
networks
Electrical Engineering Laboratory of Université des Sciences
et Technologies de Lille, Arts et Métiers ParisTech, Ecole
Centrale de Lille, Hautes Etudes d'Ingénieur
30. 3030
Case Study: AIT SmartEST Laboratory - Austria
For development and research, AIT offers
unique opportunities for customers and project
partners to optimize their products and control
strategies directly at this advanced facility,
accompanied by qualified experts in order to
shorten the time-to-market of new products.
• Developing and testing PV controller
• Testing overall performance of PV systems as per standards
• Analyzing interactions between systems and with the distribution system
under steady-state and fault conditions
31. 3131
Case Study: AIT SmartEST Laboratory
OPAL-RT
Real-time
simulator
GRID SIMULATION
• 2 independent high bandwidth Grid Simulation
Units: 0 to 480 V 3-phase, 800 kVA
• 3 independent laboratory grids, which can be
operated in grounded/isolated mode
• 3-phase balanced or unbalanced operation
• Capabilities to perform LVRT (Low Voltage Ride
Through) and FRT (Fault Ride Through) testing
DC SOURCES
5 independent dynamic PV-Array Simulators:
1500 V, 1500 A, 960 kVA
Adjustable loads for active and reactive power
Line impedance emulation
33. 3333
PHIL Stability Analysis
• Closed-loop system may become unstable under certain conditions
• Instability caused by delays may damage equipment or reduce simulation
accuracy
• Stability depends on:
• Ratio of load power over short-circuit power of the feeder
• Type of load
• Damping of source impedance
• Power amplifier bandwidth
• Simulator’s sampling frequency
• Use of current feedback filter
PHIL simulation equivalent circuit
Determining the best
method to ensure system
stability and maximum
accuracy must be done on
a case-by-case basis
34. 3434
PHIL Stability Analysis
Instability caused by the interaction of:
• Lsource (linear gain with a phase of −𝜋
2)
• L//R filter and voltage amplifier
(Limit gain, add phase lag)
IO time delay (adds linear phase lag)
Type of load (higher power, higher gain)
• Resistive (No phase effect)
• Inductive (Reduce Lsource phase & gain)
• Capacitive (Increase Lsource phase & gain)
Current feedback filter (Limit gain at fc)
+
-
)(sFsource
sT
e 1
)(sFampli
2
1
Z
2I
bI1
1V
aI1
)(sFfilter
sT
e 2
sT
Filteramplisource
b
a
esFsFsF
ZsI
sI
sF .
21
1
)()()(
1
)(
)(
)(
sss
s
s
sL
Z
sF
filterampliLR 1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
.
1
)(
2
Cwj
Z
1
2 wjLZ 22 22 RZ
35. 3535
PHIL Stability Analysis Conclusions
Bode Diagram
• Stability becomes gain dependent
when phase reaches 0
• Maximum stable load (gain ≤ 1),
determines max load power
• Lower sample time increases the
simulation stability and accuracy
• Cut all the frequencies beyond a
phase gain of -π
36. 3636
Detailed Information on PHIL Stability Analysis
One among many outcomes :
http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1569190X11000566
38. 3838
Power Amplifier Partners
This high power AC and DC test system covers a
wide spectrum of AC and DC power applications
at an affordable cost.
Using state-of-the-art Pulse Width Modulation
(PWM) switching techniques, the RS series
combines robustness and functionality in a
compact, floor-standing chassis.
http://www.ametek.com/
39. 3939
Power Amplifier Partners
EGSTON provides a new compact Digital Amplifier
Series (EGSTON COMPISO) with high bandwidth output
signals. The COMPISO (Ultra Compact Bidirectional
Multi-Purpose Inverter with Sinusoidal Output) is a
compact high efficient digital amplifier family.
The modular series is optimally suited for building up
DC-DC, DC-AC, AC-DC as well as AC-AC converter
systems in the power range of 120kW up to 1 MW. The
COMPISO can be used in many different applications.
http://www.egston.com/en/index.php
40. 4040
Power Amplifier Partners
Puissance + proposes innovative, high-range,
reliable and accurate programmable power
solutions in AC, DC, AC+DC. They can be standard
or made according to specifications.
Puissance + experience in the generation,
absorption and measures in low and high power
allows us to test or simulate all types of generators,
power sources and charges for laboratory,
production and embedded applications.
http://www.puissanceplus.com/en
41. 4141
Power Amplifier Partners
Programmable, Reconfigurable Units
for the swift realization of Research,
Development and Test setups for
Power Applications.
The Modules are modular and can
combine units for AC/DC, DC/DC and
motor drives in 5, 15 and 90 kW
power ranges.
http://www.triphase.be/
42. 4242
OPAL-RT Solutions
• OP5600 (12 CPU cores, 1 VIRTEX 6)
IO and EtherCAT
• OP4500 (4 cores, 1 KINTEX 7)
IO, EtherCAT and ORION
• OP5607 (12/32 CPU cores *, 1 VIRTEX 7)
IO, FPGA motor modeling and cascading of
units
• OP7000 (12/32 CPU cores*, 1 to 4VIRTEX 6
IO, Multi-FPGA and FPGA motor modeling
* Using external PC
43. 4343
OPAL-RT in Brief
Our solutions cover the complete spectrum of power system analysis
and studies
ePHASORsim
Real-Time Transient
Stability Simulator
10 ms time step
HYPERsim
Large Scale Power System
Simulation for Utilities & Manufacturers
25 µs to 100 µs time step
eFPGAsim
Power Electronics Simulation on FPGA
1 µs to 100 ns time step
1 s
(1 Hz)
10,000
2,000
1,000
500
100
10
0
10 ms
(100 Hz)
50 µs
(20 KHz)
10 µs
(100 KHz)
1µs
(1 MHz)
100 ns
(10 MHz)
10 ns
(100 MHz)
20,000
Period (frequency) of transient phenomena simulated
Number of
3-Phase
Buses
eMEGAsim
Power System & Power Electronics Simulation
Based on Matlab/Simulink and SimPowerSystems
10 µs to 100 µs time step
Today’s
Subject
44. 4444
Choosing the Right Amplifier
• Power rating
• Output voltage/current limit
• Ripple, THD, DC offset,…
• Bandwidth
• Latency
• AC application
• Monophase
• Three-phase
• DC application
• 2Q or 4Q
• Communication (EtherCAT, Optic
Fiber, AIO, …)
• Emulators
• Motor/Generator module
• PV, wind turbine …
46. 4646
Conclusion
OPAL-RT has the expertise to help you find the right tools
for your PHIL application.
Our Integration Experts can help you achieve your goal by designing
your PHIL testing bench and our Field Application Engineers can
bring their experience to the field to ensure your PHIL application
runs like a charm.
Power Hardware-in-the-Loop should be considered as a
complementary tool to SIL, HIL and DYNO testing and
not as a replacement of these tools and method.
47. 4747
Upcoming Events
Distributech, San Diego – February 3-5, 2015 Booth 813
http://opal-rt.com/events/distributech-2015
APEC, North Carolina – March 15-19, 2015 Booth 730
http://opal-rt.com/events/apec-2015
Visit our event page to learn where to meet OPAL-RT TECHNOLOGIES
http://opal-rt.com/events
48. 4848
Thank you for your attention
Q&A
The PDF version of the P-HIL presentation will be available shortly on
http://opal-rt.com/events/past-webinars