This document discusses power hardware-in-the-loop (PHIL) simulation. PHIL involves virtually exchanging power between a simulation environment and real hardware, unlike traditional hardware-in-the-loop which only involves signal exchange. The document outlines the benefits of PHIL including testing power systems, electronics, and controllers. It then lists several potential applications for PHIL simulation in fields like grid systems, motors, aerospace, automotive, and transportation. Finally, it presents some hardware solutions from OPAL-RT and partners that enable PHIL simulation.