Water pollution from pharmaceutical industries can harm the environment and human health. Major sources of pollution include industrial waste, manufacturing processes, and improper disposal of pharmaceuticals. This pollution decreases oxygen in water and allows toxic substances to accumulate in organisms, potentially causing diseases. Treatment methods like activated sludge processing, reverse osmosis, and nanofiltration can purify wastewater. Legislation and reducing, reusing, and recycling resources can also help address this important issue.

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WATER POLLUTIONWATER POLLUTION
ANDAND
IT’S TREATMENTIT’S TREATMENTPRESENTED BY
MITESH KUMAR
Applied Electronics & Instrumentation Engineering
Haldia institute of Technology

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PRESENTATION
OUTLINE:
INTRODUCTION.
SOURCES.
EFFECTS.
WASTE WATER TREATMENT.
SOLUTIONS.
LEGISLATION.
CONCLUSION.
REFERENCES.

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INTRODUCTION:
Water may be referred to as ‘the elixir of life’
-This term is most apt to the pharmaceutical
industry for which the quality of water is
critical and a high priority.

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SOURCES OF WATER
POLLUTION BY
PHARMACEUTICAL
INDUSTRIES:Industrial Uses
Sanitation Use
Manufacturing &
processing use Cooling use
These are the industrial wastes sources

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Urban streets
Suburban
development
Wastewater
treatment
plant
Rural homes
Cropland
Factory
Animal feedlot
POINT
SOURCES
NONPOINT SOURCES

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Water Pollution:
Major point sources are industries, power
plants, underground coal mines, offshore oil
wells etc.
This leads to
- Ground Water Pollution
- Surface Water Pollution.

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Effects of Water Pollution:
-Lower DO may be harmful to animals.
-Oxygen depletion helps in release of phosphates from bottom of
sediments and causes Eutrophication.
-Some of the toxic substances tend to accumulate in the
organism’s body, known as Bioaccumulation. The
concentration of these toxic substances build up successive
levels of food chain, known as Biomagnification.
-Minimata disease, Blue Baby Syndrome or
Methaemoglobinemia, Fluorosis are some of the diseases
caused due to water pollution.

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Waste Water Treatment:
The waste water from a pharmaceutical industry can be
subjected to the following methods for purification,
-Sewage water treatment
a. Primary treatment
b. Secondary treatment
c. Advanced sewage treatment
-Activated sludge process
-Reverse Osmosis
-Nanofiltration

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Sewage Water Treatment:

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Reverse Osmosis Process:
• It is mainly used for the
treatment of Sea water
• 2-17bars pressure for fresh
& brackish water.
• 40-82bars for sea water.

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Nanofiltration:
It is relatively recent membrane
filtration process used .
The principle involved is
Reverse osmosis, but the
Transmembrane pressure is
Lower (up to 3Mpa).

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Ultrafiltration:
It is mainly used for the
retention of suspended
solids and solutes of high
molecular weight.
Oil/water separator.

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Solutions for water pollution:
• The harm is to be noticed at the point of source itself,
not at after contamination has occurred in the water
resources.
• Practice for 4 R’s of resource use (refuse, reduce,
recycle, reuse).
• The toxic levels of pharmaceuticals are recognized and
treated before dumping.

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WATER LEGISLATION:
» Water Quality Act of 1987
» Safe Drinking Water Act of 1996
» Water Act 2007
» Water Industry Act 1974
» In 1998, FDA raised the level of a chemical for
which the pharmaceutical industry would have to
investigate environmental impacts from parts per
trillion to parts per billion.

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What risk does chronic exposure to trace
concentrations of pharmaceuticals pose to humans
or wildlife?
-Pharmaceuticals do not pose problems to humans since
they occur at low concentrations in water.
-The release of antibiotics into waterways result in
disease-causing bacteria to become immune to
treatment.
-The anti-depressants have been blamed for altering
sperm levels and spawning patterns in marine life.

18. Distribution of substantiated
pollution incidents by source and
type
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CONCLUSION:
You have learned the bad health effects on humans and
animals because of the pollution. Hopefully now you can take
this lesson and teach to your friends and family about the
harmful effects of water pollution.

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REFERENCES:

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QUERIES