Virtualization
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This document discusses virtualization and virtual machines. It begins with defining virtualization as using software to create virtual versions of hardware components like servers, storage, and networks. This allows multiple virtual machines to run on a single physical machine. The document then covers the history and advantages of virtualization, types of virtualization like server, desktop and network virtualization. It discusses popular virtualization software like VirtualBox and VMware and how to use virtual machines. Benefits of virtualization mentioned are reduced costs, faster provisioning, disaster recovery and simplified management. Requirements for running virtual machines and when virtualization makes sense for companies are also summarized.
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Virtualization
- 2. VIRTUALIZATION PREPARED BY: FLORIDEL C. PELIN ICT Teacher
- 3. OBJECTIVES: •Define Virtualization •Describe virtualization software •Plan for OS installation using the virtual Machine •Appreciate the benefits of Virtualization in real world.
- 4. WHAT IS VIRTUALIZATION? Operating System App. A App. B App. C App. D Hardware ‘Nonvirtualized’ system A single OS controls all hardware platform resources Virtualized system It makes it possible to run multiple Virtual Containers on a single physical platform Virtualization is a broad term (virtual memory, storage, network, etc) - basically allows one computer to do the job of multiple computers, by sharing the resources of a single hardware across multiple environments Virtualization Layer Virtual Container Hardware Virtual Container App. A App. B App. C App. D
- 5. BRIEF HISTORY OF VIRTUALIZATION • The concept of virtualization is generally believed to have its origins in the mainframe days in the late 1960s and early 1970s, when IBM invested a lot of time and effort in developing robust time-sharing solutions. • Time-sharing refers to the shared usage of computer resources among a large group of users, aiming to increase the efficiency of both the users and the expensive computer resources they share.
- 6. • This model represented a major breakthrough in computer technology: the cost of providing computing capability dropped considerably and it became possible for organizations, and even individuals, to use a computer without actually owning one. • Similar reasons are driving virtualization for industry standard computing today: the capacity in a single server is so large that it is almost impossible for most workloads to effectively use it. The best way to improve resource utilization, and at the same time simplify data center management, is through virtualization. BRIEF HISTORY OF VIRTUALIZATION
- 7. ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES OF VIRTUALIZATION • Main Advantages: • Less hardware is needed (easy maintaining and reduced costs) • High flexibility when the infrastructure is under construction due to fast provision of ne VMs • Easy maintaining of the reduced hardware Disadvantages: • Less performance, usually overhead of 5 to 10 percent • Failure of one server concludes the shutdown of all VM’s running on it
- 8. •It allows a single host computer to create and run one or more virtual environments. •It is most often used to emulate a complete computer system in order to allow a guest operating system to be run. VIRTUALIZATION SOFTWARE
- 9. WHAT ARE VIRTUAL MACHINES? •A virtual computer system is known as a “virtual machine” (VM): a tightly isolated software container with an operating system and application inside.
- 10. KEY PROPERTIES OF VIRTUAL MACHINES
- 11. PARTITIONING •Run multiple operating systems on one physical machine •Divide system resources between virtual machines
- 12. ISOLATION •Provide fault and security isolation at the hardware level •Preserve performance with advanced resource controls
- 13. ENCAPSULATION •Save the entire state of a virtual machine to files •Move and copy virtual machines as easily as moving and copying files
- 14. HARDWARE INDEPENDENCE •Provision or migrate any virtual machine to any physical server
- 16. TYPES OF VIRTUALIZATIONS •Server Virtualization •enables multiple operating systems to run on a single physical server as highly efficient virtual machines.
- 17. TYPES OF VIRTUALIZATIONS •Network Virtualization Network virtualization is the complete reproduction of a physical network in software. Applications run on the virtual network exactly the same as if on a physical network. Network virtualization presents logical networking devices and services—logical ports, switches, routers, firewalls, load balancers, VPNs and more—to connected workloads. Virtual networks offer the same features and guarantees of a physical network with the operational benefits and hardware independence of virtualization.
- 18. TYPES OF VIRTUALIZATIONS •Desktop Virtualization • Deploying desktops as a managed service gives you the opportunity to respond quicker to changing needs and opportunities.
- 19. DIFFERENT VIRTUAL MACHINES USED IN VIRTUALIZATION •VirtualBox (Windows, Linux, Mac OS X) It is very popular because it’s open-source and completely free. There’s no paid version of VirtualBox.
- 20. DIFFERENT VIRTUAL MACHINES USED IN VIRTUALIZATION • VMware Player (Windows, Linux): VMware has their own line of virtual machine programs. You can use VMware Player on Windows or Linux as a free, basic virtual machine tool. • More advanced features — many of which are found in VirtualBox for free — require upgrading to the paid VMware Workstation program. We recommend starting out with VirtualBox, but if it doesn’t work properly you may want to try VMware Player.
- 21. DIFFERENT VIRTUAL MACHINES USED IN VIRTUALIZATION •VMware Fusion (Mac OS X): Mac users will need to buy VMware Fusion to use a VMware product, as the free VMware Player isn’t available on a Mac.
- 22. DIFFERENT VIRTUAL MACHINES USED IN VIRTUALIZATION •Parallels Desktop (Mac OS X): Macs also have Parallels Desktop available. Both Parallels Desktop and VMware Fusion for Mac are more polished than the virtual machine programs on other platforms — they’re marketed to average Mac users who might want to run Windows software.
- 23. HOW DOES ONE USE VIRTUAL MACHINES?
- 25. BENEFITS OF VIRTUALIZATION •Virtualization can increase IT agility, flexibility, and scalability while creating significant cost savings. Workloads get deployed faster, performance and availability increases and operations become automated, resulting in IT that's simpler to manage and less costly to own and operate.
- 26. •Reduce capital and operating costs. •Minimize or eliminate downtime. •Provision applications and resources faster. •Enable business continuity and disaster recovery. •Simplify data center management. •Build a true Software-Defined Data Center. Additional benefits include:
- 28. Questions?
- 29. TASK SHEET: Procedure: • By Group: Divide the class into 2 groups • Install Virtual Box in your PC • Group 1: Install Win 7 using the virtual Box • Group 2: Install Win 8 • Group 3: Install Win 10 • Group 4: Install Server 8 R2 Assessment Method:
- 30. CRITERIA: Activity: Students will : Install Virtual Box Install the OS Assigned to the Group Observe OHS Content Poor 15 pts Fair 25 pts Good 35 pts Very Good 50 pts Score Install Virtual Box 25 % Student was unable to successfully install the appropriate Virtual Box within the standard time. Student was able to successfully install the appropriate Virtual Box on the PC with close guidance and assistance. Student was able to successfully install the appropriate Operating System, with very little supervision and guidance. Student was able to successfully install the appropriate Operating System, without supervision and guidance within the standard time. Install Operating System 25 % Win 7 Student was unable to successfully install the appropriate Operating System within the standard time. Student was able to successfully install the appropriate Operating System on the PC with close guidance and assistance. Student was able to successfully install the appropriate Operating System, with very little supervision and guidance. Student was able to successfully install the appropriate Operating System, without supervision and guidance within the standard time. 10% Occupational Health and Safety Learners was unable to apply OHS. Learners was able to apply OHS with full supervision. Learners was able to apply OHS with less supervision. Learners was able to apply OHS without supervision.
- 31. VIRTUAL PC HARDWARE REQUIREMENTS
- 32. •Microsoft Office under Windows 7 on the same physical machine. Virtual PC is a Windows 7-only application. If your PC can run Windows 7 well, it probably meets the minimum hardware requirements needed to use Virtual PC. •Virtual PC can run on any 32-bit or 64-bit, x86-compatible CPU. •1-GHz or faster CPU. •on-board video or graphics card support for DirectX 9 and Windows Display Driver Model 1.0.
- 33. • System RAM at least 2GB of RAM to run Virtual PC • Hard Disk Space Virtual PC needs just 20MB of hard disk space to install and use • Input/Output Devices • CD-ROM or DVD-ROM drive to install supported Windows guest operating systems. Linux-based guests, however, can be created using ISO images written to optical disks, bootable USB flash drives or ISO files saved on the host's hard drive. In addition, you may need a wired Ethernet or wireless adapter to complete your guest system’s installation or for system updates.
- 36. HOW IS IT DIFFERENT FROM OTHER SYSTEMS? •With virtualization, you can instantly access nearly limitless computing resources which allow for faster and broader business capabilities. It also gets rid of haphazard IT rooms, cables, and bulky hardware; reducing your overall IT overhead as well as management costs.
- 37. •When to virtualize? • Virtualize if you rely on technology – Companies that rely on technology often use several servers and technology from hardware like laptops and networks. Basically, if your company needs technology to operate, virtualization can help you reduce the overall operation costs. • Virtualize if your company exceeds 20 employees – Many tech experts agree that there is no need for virtualization if you have a business with less than 10-20 employees. With that number, traditional servers are usually more than enough to cater to your needs.
- 38. • Virtualize if you can cover the costs – While virtualization is meant to reduce costs, like any modern technology it requires an initial investment. The cost of virtualization can be high for smaller businesses to implement, however you do have an option of working with an IT partner like us. We can help you realize cost-savings or even a Return On Investment (ROI). For companies with servers in place, virtualization can be as simple as installing a free program. • Virtualize if you want space – Certain business operators throw away a big chunk of their money on an extra room to house large server racks, wires or even IT personnel to maintain them. The issue here is the cost of maintenance, as well as limited office space. In this situation, virtualization can help make better use of space while reducing hardware costs.
- 39. Virtualization Companies • Citrix (www.citrix.com) • Pano Logic (www.panologic.com) • Parallels (www.parallels.com) • VirtualLogix (www.virtuallogix.com) • Solarflare Communications (www.solarflare.com) • VMware: Q1 Sales Increase by 69% ... • Attune Systems Announces Maestro • File Virtualization Solution • Virtual Network Intelligence 3.5 Unveiled.
Editor's Notes
- What have you observe from the video? What can say about the video?
- Virtualization refers to the act of creating a virtual (rather than actual) version of something, including virtual computer hardware platforms, operating systems, storage devices, and computer network resources.
- for example allowing Linux to run as a guest on top of a PC that is natively running a Microsoft Windows operating system (or the inverse, running Windows as a guest on Linux).
- for example allowing Linux to run as a guest on top of a PC that is natively running a Microsoft Windows operating system (or the inverse, running Windows as a guest on Linux). Each self-contained VM is completely independent. Putting multiple VMs on a single computer enables several operating systems and applications to run on just one physical server, or “host”.
- Virtualazation It’s Not Cloud Computing
- Cloud computing is not the same thing as virtualization; rather, it’s something you can do using virtualization. Cloud computing describes the delivery of shared computing resources (software and/or data) on demand through the Internet. Whether or not you are in the cloud, you can start by virtualizing your servers and then move to cloud computing for even more agility and increased self-service.
- Most servers operate at less than 15 percent of capacity, leading to server sprawl and complexity. Server virtualization addresses these inefficiencies by allowing multiple operating systems to run on a single physical server as virtual machines, each with access to the underlying server's computing resources. The next step is to aggregate a server cluster into a single consolidated resource – which improves overall efficiency and reduces cost. Server virtualization also enables faster workload deployment, increased application performance, and higher availability. Server virtualization also enables faster workload deployment, increased application performance, and higher availability.
- You can reduce costs and increase service by quickly and easily delivering virtualized desktops and applications to branch offices, outsourced and offshore employees and mobile workers on iPad and Android tablets.
- Example: in Science: Real World: Math: Virtualization map for the Littelmann path model MAPEH: Music virtualization on screen/Virtual dance
- How will you apply virtualization in real world situation?
- System RAM You need at least 2GB of RAM to run Virtual PC. Hard Disk Space Virtual PC needs just 20MB of hard disk space to install and use. Each individual virtual machine, however, needs disk space for its virtual hard drive. For instance, if you install a Windows Vista guest, you may need 15GB to 20GB of hard disk space to install the operating system -- plus additional space for any applications you intend to run within the virtual machine. Input/Output Devices Your system will need a CD-ROM or DVD-ROM drive to install supported Windows guest operating systems. Linux-based guests, however, can be created using ISO images written to optical disks, bootable USB flash drives or ISO files saved on the host's hard drive. In addition, you may need a wired Ethernet or wireless adapter to complete your guest system’s installation or for system updates.
- Advantages of Virtualization Following are some of the most recognized advantages of Virtualization, which are explained in detail. Using Virtualization for Efficient Hardware Utilization Virtualization decreases costs by reducing the need for physical hardware systems. Virtual machines use efficient hardware, which lowers the quantities of hardware, associated maintenance costs and reduces the power along with cooling the demand. You can allocate memory, space and CPU in just a second, making you more self-independent from hardware vendors. Using Virtualization to Increase Availability Virtualization platforms offer a number of advanced features that are not found on physical servers, which increase uptime and availability. Although the vendor feature names may be different, they usually offer capabilities such as live migration, storage migration, fault tolerance, high availability and distributed resource scheduling. These technologies keep virtual machines chugging along or give them the ability to recover from unplanned outages. The ability to move a virtual machine from one server to another is perhaps one of the greatest single benefits of virtualization with far reaching uses. As the technology continues to mature to the point where it can do long-distance migrations, such as being able to move a virtual machine from one data center to another no matter the network latency involved. Disaster Recovery Disaster recovery is very easy when your servers are virtualized. With up-to-date snapshots of your virtual machines, you can quickly get back up and running. An organization can more easily create an affordable replication site. If a disaster strikes in the data center or server room itself, you can always move those virtual machines elsewhere into a cloud provider. Having that level of flexibility means your disaster recovery plan will be easier to enact and will have a 99% success rate. Save Energy Moving physical servers to virtual machines and consolidating them onto far fewer physical servers’ means lowering monthly power and cooling costs in the data center. It reduces carbon footprint and helps to clean up the air we breathe. Consumers want to see companies reducing their output of pollution and taking responsibility. Deploying Servers too fast You can quickly clone an image, master template or existing virtual machine to get a server up and running within minutes. You do not have to fill out purchase orders, wait for shipping and receiving and then rack, stack, and cable a physical machine only to spend additional hours waiting for the operating system and applications to complete their installations. With virtual backup tools like Veeam, redeploying images will be so fast that your end users will hardly notice there was an issue. Save Space in your Server Room or Datacenter Imagine a simple example: you have two racks with 30 physical servers and 4 switches. By virtualizing your servers, it will help you to reduce half the space used by the physical servers. The result can be two physical servers in a rack with one switch, where each physical server holds 15 virtualized servers. Testing and setting up Lab Environment While you are testing or installing something on your servers and it crashes, do not panic, as there is no data loss. Just revert to a previous snapshot and you can move forward as if the mistake did not even happen. You can also isolate these testing environments from end users while still keeping them online. When you have completely done your work, deploy it in live. Shifting all your Local Infrastructure to Cloud in a day If you decide to shift your entire virtualized infrastructure into a cloud provider, you can do it in a day. All the hypervisors offer you tools to export your virtual servers. Possibility to Divide Services If you have a single server, holding different applications this can increase the possibility of the services to crash with each other and increasing the fail rate of the server. If you virtualize this server, you can put applications in separated environments from each other as we have discussed previously. Disadvantages of Virtualization Although you cannot find many disadvantages for virtualization, we will discuss a few prominent ones as follows − Extra Costs Maybe you have to invest in the virtualization software and possibly additional hardware might be required to make the virtualization possible. This depends on your existing network. Many businesses have sufficient capacity to accommodate the virtualization without requiring much cash. If you have an infrastructure that is more than five years old, you have to consider an initial renewal budget. Software Licensing This is becoming less of a problem as more software vendors adapt to the increased adoption of virtualization. However, it is important to check with your vendors to understand how they view software use in a virtualized environment. Learn the new Infrastructure Implementing and managing a virtualized environment will require IT staff with expertise in virtualization. On the user side, a typical virtual environment will operate similarly to the non-virtual environment. There are some applications that do not adapt well to the virtualized environment.