Variables & Functions of Teaching शिक्षण के चर व कार्य.pptx

Variables&FunctionsofTeaching शिक्षणक
े चरवकार्य
PAPER: TEACHING AND LEARNING
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Variables of Teaching: Structure of teaching consists of variables which
operate in the process of teaching and create learning conditions or
situations. A variable has been defined as “any response or behavior
is manifested in different categories under different situations e.g. effect
of various amounts of study on student’s. Teaching process involve the
following variables:
 Teacher
 Student
 Textbooks/contact
 Instrumental methods
 Instrumental aids
 Classroom Environment

Different variables given in last slide can be classified as
1. Independent variable- स्वतंत्र चर
2. Dependent variable- आश्रित चर
3. Intervening variable -मध्यस्थ चर

Independent variable (Teacher): the first variable of teaching is ‘teacher ’. The
teacher is said to be an independent variable. It can be manipulated according
to our own will. By the manipulation of this variable we can manipulate the
dependent variable. Teacher acts as the planner, organizer, leader and
controller. He is free to perform various activities for providing learning
experience to students. He has to handle his teaching activities and all the
inter vening variables in such a way that the desired movability and
functionability can be created among his students for achieving the teaching
objectives.

Dependent variable( Student): Student is the dependent variable in
teaching process. Student is dependent on teacher. He is required to act
according to the planning and organization of the teacher. Teaching
activities of the teacher influence the learning of the student. In other
words the pupil or pupil’s behavior depends upon teaching.

Inter vening variable (Content & strategy of presentation): Contact and the strategy of
the presentation are inter vening variables. The interaction between the teacher and
student is performed through these variables. The contact determines the mode of
presentation-telling, showing and doing etc. The content of teaching, methods and
techniques of teaching, tactics and strategies of teaching, management of
material and teaching environment etc. are all known as inter vening variables. These
variables are responsible for brining desirable interaction between the teacher and
students by producing proper teaching environment, teaching material, and facilities
and creating appropriate learning conditions or situations.

Functions of Teaching: Variables of teaching perform three major functions
which are:
1. Diagnostic function
2. Prescriptive function
3. Evaluative function
Just as a doctor diagnoses the disease first, then he prescribes the medicines
the cure of the disease and finally he studies the effects of the drugs on the
patients and the treatment if the response of the drugs is not positive.
a teacher [independent variable] also goes through these processes in the
classroom. He diagnoses the learning problems of the student then he suggests
some remedial measures and finally he evaluates the behavior of students to
know the effectiveness of his measures.

 Diagnostic function: the initial task in changing or modifying the
behavior of the students is to have proper diagnose of existing
The teacher performs the following diagnostic functions.
 Diagnosing the entering behavior of the student in terms of cognitive,
co native and affective abilities. After this, teacher presents the new
knowledge to the pupils.
 He has to diagnose and formulate specific educational objectives, the
type and amount of behavioural change he wants to introduce in the
student in the light of the entering behavior an environmental
conditions.

 Analysis of content, method and other facilities available for carrying out the
task. It should be decided whether that content is according to pupil’s
capacity or not.
 Diagnosing his own personalities and capacities and bringing about desirable
changes in his own behavior for achieving success mission of modifying the
behavior of the students.
Like teacher student also performs the diagnostic function as listed below:
 Diagnosing strength and weakness of his entering behavior
 Assessing him in terms of tools of learning like power of expression, ability to
think and analyze, emotional behavior etc.

Prescriptive Functions: On the basis of diagnosis, the teacher takes decision
about the needed prescription for achieving the stipulated objectives.
Accomplishment of objectives needs an appropriate interaction between the
teacher and the student which, in turn, needs proper management of the
inter vening variables by the teacher. Accordingly, he has to perform the
following functions:
 Selecting appropriate contents and organizing them into proper sequence.
 Selecting proper teaching techniques, strategies and feedback devices in
of the individual differences among the students.
 Seeking essential cooperation from the students for a purposeful interaction.

Evaluative function: This is the third important aspect of teaching. This
function is concerned with the task of finding out the process and outcome
of teaching process. Here the diagnostic and prescriptive aspect of
teaching is evaluated. The criterion of evaluation is the achievement of the
objectives. If the objectives are achieved, the remedy by the teacher is
correct. Incase the results are contrary, necessary changes are made in the
teaching learning process to get the desired results. Various evaluation
devices in the for of tests, observations, interviews, rating scales,
inventories and unstructured projective techniques help in exercising
evaluative functions.

The End….

Variables & Functions of Teaching शिक्षण के चर व कार्य.pptx

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