Valeria laboratory 7lv
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This laboratory experiment transformed E. coli bacteria with a pGLO plasmid containing the GFP gene from jellyfish using electroporation and heat shock. Students used the GFP gene as a visual marker to observe if transformation was successful by looking for fluorescence in bacterial colonies grown on agar plates containing arabinose, which regulates GFP protein expression. Only bacterial colonies grown on plates with ampicillin and arabinose exhibited fluorescence, confirming successful transformation and expression of the GFP gene.
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Bacteria transformation and protein electrophoresis paragraphs
We genetically transformed E. coli bacteria with a plasmid containing the gene for green fluorescent protein (GFP). The transformed bacteria were able to produce GFP when exposed to arabinose, while bacteria without the plasmid did not fluoresce. We then used electrophoresis to separate and identify the GFP protein from bacteria that did and did not produce it, determining that GFP has a size of 37kd compared to a reference ladder of known protein sizes.
Genetic code & mutations
The document discusses the genetic code and mutations. It describes key discoveries such as the experiments demonstrating that codons consist of three DNA bases and the identification of the first genetic codes. It defines terms like codon, codon table, degenerate codons. It describes types of mutations like substitutions, insertions, deletions and their effects. It discusses mutagens like radiation, chemicals, and their mechanisms. It provides clinical examples of mutations causing conditions like sickle cell anemia, thalassemia, cystic fibrosis.
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Bacteria transformation and protein electrophoresis paragraphs
We genetically transformed E. coli bacteria with a plasmid containing the gene for green fluorescent protein (GFP). The transformed bacteria were able to produce GFP when exposed to arabinose, while bacteria without the plasmid did not fluoresce. We then used electrophoresis to separate and identify the GFP protein from bacteria that did and did not produce it, determining that GFP has a size of 37kd compared to a reference ladder of known protein sizes.
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The document discusses the genetic code and mutations. It describes key discoveries such as the experiments demonstrating that codons consist of three DNA bases and the identification of the first genetic codes. It defines terms like codon, codon table, degenerate codons. It describes types of mutations like substitutions, insertions, deletions and their effects. It discusses mutagens like radiation, chemicals, and their mechanisms. It provides clinical examples of mutations causing conditions like sickle cell anemia, thalassemia, cystic fibrosis.
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2. Benzer performed fine structure analysis of phage T4 genes which demonstrated that genes can undergo intragenic recombination, or crossing over within the gene. This established that genes have an internal structure smaller than previously believed.
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Transposition often results in duplication of the TE.
Barbara McClintock's discovery of these jumping genes earned her a Nobel Prize in 1983.
Transposable elements make up a large fraction of the genome and are responsible for much of the C-value of eukaryotic cells.
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The study investigated the allergenicity of recombinant proforms and mature forms of the house dust mite allergens Der p 1 and Der f 1. It found that the prodomains of Der p 1 and Der f 1, which are cysteine proteases, reduced allergenicity compared to the mature forms. Molecular modeling revealed that the prosegments are anchored at regions on the mature portion that contain major conformational IgE epitopes commonly recognized in patients.
Takai2005
This study investigated the allergenic properties of recombinant pro- and mature forms of the major house dust mite allergens Der p 1 and Der f 1. The recombinant mature forms exhibited similar structure and allergenicity as the natural allergens. However, the recombinant proforms had different structures than the mature forms and showed reduced allergenicity in IgE binding and histamine release assays using patient sera. Molecular modeling suggested the prodomains block major IgE epitopes on the mature allergen surfaces. This indicates the prodomains reduce allergenicity by masking key epitopes.
An Understanding Of Bacterial Transformation By Plasmid Dna
Bacterial plasmids are small, circular DNA molecules within bacteria that are separate from the bacterial chromosome. Plasmids can contain genes that provide bacteria with useful traits like antibiotic resistance. During genetic transformation, the plasmid is introduced to recipient bacteria where it can be replicated independently of the bacterial chromosome. The foreign DNA from the plasmid is then expressed in the recipient bacteria, altering its genotype and phenotype. This allows bacteria to horizontally acquire new genes from plasmids and gain traits like antibiotic resistance without direct contact between bacterial cells.
Galactose operon slide share
The gal operon is a prokaryotic operon, which encodes enzymes necessary for galactose metabolism. The operon contains two operators, OE and OI. The former is just before the promoter, and the latter is just after the galE gene.This slide share includes some of the reasearch done on the galactose operons explained with review articles
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Lysosomal storage disease 2
Laura Liscum studies Niemann Pick C (NPC), a lysosomal storage disease where cholesterol does not transport out of the lysosome properly. In NPC cells, the lysosome fills with storage vesicles. Patients experience liver and brain problems, occurring in 1 in 150,000 births. They often die young, around their early teens. One patient, Adam, exhibited neurological symptoms like seizures and lost motor skills. He died at age 10. Most NPC patients have liver issues, as liver cells store large amounts of cholesterol. Liscum hypothesized that excess lipid storage makes lysosomes leaky, activating cell death. Current treatments involve cyclodextrin, which had better results than directly injecting allopregnolone into the
Synaptic transmission 1
Synapses are specialized structures that transmit signals between neurons or from neurons to other cells. They convert electrical signals into chemical signals to allow communication between cells by releasing neurotransmitters in response to action potentials. Malfunctions in synaptic transmission can cause disorders like epilepsy, neuropathic pain, anxiety, depression, learning deficits, and dementia. The study focuses on how a calcium channel subunit called a25 that is targeted by anti-epileptic and pain drugs regulates synaptic transmission and structure.
Proposal march 2012
This study aims to analyze conserved amino acids in GAPDH proteins from tropical plants Oxalis corniculata and Plectranthus amboinicus. GAPDH is important for energy production. Previous work cloned GAPDH genes from these plants and Myrtaceae psidium. Psidium showed no cloning and was eliminated. The current work will sequence the cloned GAPDH inserts and analyze conserved amino acids related to catalytic function through bioinformatics. This adds to knowledge of important plant genes and their evolution.
Proposal final
This study aims to clone and analyze GAPDH genes from various plant species to compare amino acid sequences related to catalytic function. Previous work successfully cloned GAPDH from Oxalis corniculata and Plectranthus amboinicus but not Myrtaceae psidium. The current study will continue work on the cloned samples through midipreps, restriction enzyme digestion and sequencing. Sequence data will undergo bioinformatics analysis to compare conserved amino acids of the GAPDH protein between plant species. Results could provide new genetic information published in GenBank and further the understanding of energy production pathways in plants.
Valeria proposalsat
This document summarizes a study on cloning and analyzing glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) genes from different plant species. The researcher amplified GAPDH genes from Oxalis corniculata, Plectranthus amboinicus, and Myrtaceae psidium via PCR. They then cloned the genes into E. coli and sequenced them using Sanger sequencing. The goal was to compare the GAPDH sequences to analyze conserved amino acids in the active site and differences elsewhere, helping understand GAPDH protein function and evolution across plants. Preliminary results were obtained but not detailed.
Valeria riverafinalpresentationdec2011v11 2
The author cloned GAPDH genes from Oxalis corniculata and Plectranthus amboinicus plants and conducted bioinformatics analyses. GAPDH is important for energy production. The genes were amplified by PCR and sequenced. Sequence analyses showed the cloned genes were GAPC from O. corniculata and GAPDH from P. amboinicus. Future work will include more detailed bioinformatics analyses and submitting the novel sequences to GenBank.
The epilepsy paper 3
The study confirms associations between epilepsy in Australian Shepherd dogs and two locations on chromosomes 1 (CFA1) and 19 (CFA19) found in previous research. PCR-RFLP tests on 88 additional dogs showed different genotype frequencies between normal and affected dogs, supporting genes in these locations that may cause epilepsy. Sequencing of the DOK6 gene near associated SNPs on CFA1 found no differences between one affected and unaffected dog. The results support the hypothesis that mutations in these chromosomal regions contribute to epilepsy in Australian Shepherds.
Rivera valeria same
This study aimed to confirm previous findings linking canine chromosomes 1 and 19 to idiopathic epilepsy in Australian Shepherd dogs. PCR-RFLP tests of two SNPs were performed on 88 additional Australian Shepherds and genotypes were compared between affected and unaffected dogs via Chi-square analysis. Sequencing of the DOK6 gene did not reveal differences between one affected and unaffected dog. The results confirmed different genotype frequencies between normal and affected dogs for the SNPs, supporting the hypothesis that epilepsy-causing genes are located near the tested regions on chromosomes 1 and 19.
Aussies v
This document summarizes research being done to identify genetic factors that cause epilepsy in Australian Shepherd dogs. The researchers are genotyping additional dogs to confirm associations between epilepsy and SNPs on chromosomes 1 and 19 found in previous work. They plan to sequence the DOK6 gene near one of the SNPs on chromosome 1 to look for mutations correlated with epilepsy. Current work includes genotyping 80 additional dogs and sequencing exons of the DOK6 gene, though one exon is still being analyzed. The goal is to identify the specific genetic cause of epilepsy in this breed to improve treatment and prevent transmission.
Lab 12 lv
This lab used an ELISA test to simulate the sharing of bodily fluids and determine which students were exposed to and transmitted a contagious disease. The ELISA test relies on antibodies to detect antigens produced during an immune response to exposure. The results showed students 1, 2, 8, and 10 were infected, while students 1 and 10 transmitted the disease. ELISA is commonly used in real world applications such as pregnancy tests, disease detection, and testing for food safety and GMOs.
Workshop oct 7 9,2010 pic
The document announces a nanotechnology workshop from October 7th to 9th organized by Ms. Ivonne Ferrer and Ms. Jesus Velazquez. The workshop will likely focus on nanotechnology topics over the three day period and is being run by the two individuals mentioned.
University of minnesota blog photos
The document discusses a university project studying epilepsy in Australian Shepherd dogs. It mentions the University of Minnesota St. Paul Campus LSSURP Project and names Valeria Rivera as the summer 2011 student and Ned Patterson as the mentor. The project focuses on epilepsy in Australian Shepherd dogs.
University of minnesota blog photos
The document discusses a university project studying epilepsy in Australian Shepherd dogs. It mentions the University of Minnesota St. Paul Campus LSSURP Project and names Valeria Rivera as the summer 2011 student and Ned Patterson as the mentor. The project focuses on epilepsy in Australian Shepherd dogs.
Biol 3009 resumenes
This document summarizes the speaker's experience in three biology courses at college. In BIOL 3009, the speaker learned about the central dogma of biology including DNA replication, transcription of DNA to RNA, and translation of RNA to proteins. They enjoyed conducting a laboratory experiment to identify fruits containing enzymes. In BIOL 3095, the speaker learned to write scientific papers and presented a review paper on osteoarthritis treatments. They attended seminars by alumni researchers. In BIOL 3097, the speaker dissected samples under microscopes, extracted their own DNA, and conducted research with a mentor on GMOs, presenting their findings. They viewed the hands-on experiences as unique and fun opportunities to learn.
Reflective essay blog
The student reflects on their experience in the RISE program at UPR-Cayey. They took biology courses where they conducted laboratory work and wrote proposals. This helped them think like a scientist by asking questions and searching for information. They attended RISE seminars that introduced them to new scientific terms and potential research opportunities. This led the student to be selected for a summer research program at the University of Minnesota where they wrote annotated bibliographies and learned to communicate scientific findings. In their second semester, the RISE biomedical techniques course taught them new lab techniques to help achieve their career goals in the sciences.
Lab 12 e
This lab used an ELISA test to simulate the sharing of a contagious disease between students and determine who was infected and who transmitted the disease. The ELISA test relies on antibodies binding to antigens produced during an immune response to detect exposure to a disease in liquid samples. The results of the lab showed that students 1, 2, 8, and 10 were infected, while students 1 and 10 transmitted the disease to others.
Lab 11 e
Beer's law states that absorbance is directly proportional to concentration, allowing this lab to use a spectrophotometer to calculate protein levels in milk samples. The students prepared 1:50 dilutions of evaporated and fresh milk with dye, incubated for 40 minutes, and measured absorbance at 595 wavelengths to generate a standard curve and determine that sample A, evaporated milk, had a higher protein concentration than the fresh milk.
Lab 10 e
Enzymes are proteins that act as catalysts and have specific shapes that determine their substrates and products. The experiment determined the optimum temperature of the enzyme cellobiase, which breaks down cellulose, to be 22°C. Samples of cellobiase were tested at 0°, 22°, and 37°C using a spectrophotometer to measure absorbance, finding that the enzyme works best at 22°C and its activity is minimized at higher temperatures due to denaturing.
Lab 9 e
During a lab experiment, students created a hydrogen sensor using palladium-coated polymer nanofibers produced through electrospinning and sputter coating, which was then tested in a chamber with controlled hydrogen and argon gas flows. The sensor worked effectively, with an increase in current detected as hydrogen levels rose, demonstrating an application of nanotechnology to increase surface area and catalytic reactivity for hydrogen detection.
Autobiography val
Valeria Rivera was born on December 17, 1992 in San Juan, Puerto Rico weighing 5 pounds and 10 ounces. She enjoys arts and crafts, knitting, bicycling, jogging, visiting beaches and swimming. She graduated high school with high honors in 2010 and is interested in studying veterinary medicine, having done volunteer work at a veterinary clinic.
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みなさんこんにちはこれ何文字まで入るの？40文字以下不可とか本当に意味わからないけどこれ限界文字数書いてないからマジでやばい文字数いけるんじゃないの？えこ...
ここ3000字までしか入らないけどタイトルの方がたくさん文字入ると思います。
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みなさんこんにちはこれ何文字まで入るの？40文字以下不可とか本当に意味わからないけどこれ限界文字数書いてないからマジでやばい文字数いけるんじゃないの？えこ...
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Valeria laboratory 7lv
- 1. Laboratory #7 pGlo Transformation and Purification of Green Fluorescent Protein (GFP) Dr. Belinda Román Transformation is the introduction of genetic material from one specie into different specie. In this case, we used a pGLO plasmid from a jellyfish to transform the bacterium E. coli. Since GFP is a visual marker, it is used to study biological processes of the central framework of biology. GFP locates genetic material, synthesis of proteins, and helps to observe gene expression. We conducted electroporation and heat shock. Electroporation uses an electrical shock to make cell membranes permeable to DNA. The heat shock, integrates GFP in the genome. For this experiment, we used two positive pGlo and two negative pGlo. The positive pGLO are with LB/amp and LB/amp/ ara. From these two the only that fluoresced was the LM/amp/ara, because ara is the sugar that regulates proteins. The other two dishes are the negative controls lacking ara; therefore, no fluorescence was visible.