Synapses are specialized structures that transmit signals between neurons or from neurons to other cells. They convert electrical signals into chemical signals to allow communication between cells by releasing neurotransmitters in response to action potentials. Malfunctions in synaptic transmission can cause disorders like epilepsy, neuropathic pain, anxiety, depression, learning deficits, and dementia. The study focuses on how a calcium channel subunit called a25 that is targeted by anti-epileptic and pain drugs regulates synaptic transmission and structure.