Use of Activity method in classroom
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The document discusses different types of classroom activities and projects that use the activity method. It describes exploratory, constructive, and expressional activities. It also outlines the steps for individual projects, group projects, and research projects. Research projects revolve around what the student plans to accomplish, why they want to do the project, and how they will carry it out. The key steps in the research process are selecting a problem, stating it, identifying and collecting data, analyzing the data, and writing a report.
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The document discusses the assignment method of teaching. It defines assignment method as allotting students theoretical or practical activities to complete individually or in small groups. The key points are:
- Assignments are divided into topics and allotted weekly/fortnightly/monthly depending on syllabus and time. Students must finish one before moving to the next.
- Assignments aim to realize teaching objectives while providing guidance for students. They develop skills like self-learning, writing, and report preparation.
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The child-centered curriculum focuses on the child being at the center of the educational process. [1] It emerged from research showing children are capable learners who construct their own knowledge through exploration and discovery. [2] The curriculum is built around the child's interests, abilities, purposes, and needs rather than focusing on rote memorization. [3] Teachers facilitate learning through asking questions, observing children, and providing opportunities for them to explore concepts in their own way.
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This document discusses different approaches to curriculum design:
1. Subject-centered designs focus on academic content and include subject, discipline, correlation, and broad field models. These can compartmentalize learning.
2. Learner-centered designs focus on students and their experiences, interests, and development. These include child-centered, experience-centered, and problem-centered models.
3. Problem-centered designs organize curriculum around real or hypothetical problems for students to solve, such as life-situation and core designs that connect lessons to students' lives.
Hidden curriculum
The document discusses definitions of curriculum from various academics. A curriculum is more than just a syllabus, which lists content to be assessed, but also includes the methods and educational activities used by teachers. It typically includes objectives, content selection and organization, implied or explicit learning patterns, and an evaluation program. Curriculum also encompasses all the planned learning experiences for students under school guidance. There is no single agreed-upon definition of curriculum.
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Faculty of Education, University of Sindh, Pakistan
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What should be included in portfolio
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- 2. What is Activity Method? Activities can be of three types: 1. Exploratory – Knowledge getting 2. Constructive – Experience getting 3. Expressional – Presentation
- 3. Examples of Classroom Activities Experimentation Research Project Field Trips Films Classroom Discussions
- 4. INDIVIDUAL PROJECT Following steps are focused during individual project: 1. Project Outline 2. Preliminary Assessment 3. Application / Implementation 4. Appraisal 5. Decision
- 5. GROUP PROJECTS 1. Getting Started 2. Focusing on Fairness 3. Holding Good Meetings 4. More on Group Projects 5. Interaction with the Group 6. Conflict can be an extension of Creativity 7. The two major objectives of a group project are What is learned: factual material as well as the process What is produced: written paper, presentation, and/or media project
- 6. Research Projects Research project revolves around following three questions. (i) What do you plan to accomplish? (ii) Why do you want to do it? (iii) How are you going to do it?
- 7. Types & kinds of research projects 1) Academic Research Projects Social research project Scientific research project 2) Commercial Research Projects Sales Project Grant Project Business Project Project Marketing Research Project 3) Steps in the research process
- 8. Steps in the research process 1) Selection of the problem 2) Statement of the problem 3) Identification of data 4) Selection or Development of Tools 5) Selection of the Sample 6) Collection of Data 7) Analysis and Interpretation of Data 8) Writing of the Research Report