The urinary system is responsible for nitrogenous waste excretion. The kidneys filter blood to remove urea and uric acid, which are produced as byproducts of protein breakdown in the liver. The nephrons are the functional units of the kidneys that filter blood and produce urine, which travels through the ureters and stores in the bladder before being excreted. Diseases of the urinary system can occur if there is a blockage or infection present.

2. URINARY
SYSTEM
BY
SUDARSHANA ELAPATHA

3. is the urinary system
The main system which
carries out
Nitrogenous Excretion

4. THE MAIN NITROGENOUS
PRODUCTS
urea and uric acid
are
the main nitrogenous
products
resulting from filteration in the kidneys
Urea and uric acid are formed
in the liver as a result of
breaking down of excess
amino acids and other
nitrogenous compounds.

5. PROCESS OF URINE
FILTERATION
1) Blood in the renal artery enters the
kidney
2) Urine is filtered out and blood enters the
renal veins
3) Filtered urine moves along ureters and
enter the bladder
4) Urine is passed out when bladder is filled
Process of urine filteration by urinary
system is sequenced as follows

6. Principle organ
which is involved in
nitrogenous excretion is
the kidney.
Each kidney contains
approximately one million
nephrons which are the
units for filtering
urine.

7. INTERNAL STRUCTURE
OF KIDNEY
Renal cortex
Renal medulla
Renal vein
Ureter
Renal
pyramid
Renal pelvis

8. STRUCTURE OF
NEPHRON
Bowmann's
capsule
Glomerulus
Distal
convoluted tubule
Loop of Henle
Collecting duct
Proximal convoluted
tubule
Glomerular filtrate

10. SUB UNITS OF A
NEPHRON
Bowman's capsule with glomerulus
Proximal convoluted tubule
Loop of Henle
Distal convoluted tubule

11. Bowman's capsule
together with glomerulus
of nephrons are embedded
in the renal cortex
which is dark brown in colour .

12. to drain into Bowmann's capsule.
GLOMERULUS
Renal artery branches into finer arteries
and narrows abruptly forming
a dense network of
capillaries glomerulus.
High pressure maintained
in the glomerulus
enables the fluid excluding blood
cells and plasma proteins of the
glomerular filtrate

13. The section which is closer to
the collecting duct is called
the distal convoluted
tubule.
The section of convoluted
tubule closer to Bowmann's
capsule is called
the proximal
convoluted tubule

14. The part of the nephron
which is shaped like a loop
is termed
loop of Henle.
LOOP OF HENLE

15. REABSORBTION
from the fluid that enters Bowman's capsule
Glucose Amino acids
Vitamins and all hormones
80% of salt and water
Is reabsorbed
by the convoluted tubules and loop of Henle
in renal cortex

16. COLLECTING DUCTS
collecting ducts of nephrons
are arranged into pyramid
shaped clusters and open into
the pelvis of the kidney
Urine filtered out from nephrons enter into
Collecting ducts

17. ureters
originate from
pelvis
URETERS

18. PREVENT DISEASES
RELATED TO
URINARY SYSTEM

19. STONES IN KIDNEY
AND/OR BLADDER
due to inadequate intake of water,
regular intake of food high in salt and acids ,
abstaining from passing urine when needed
and
intake of certain medications for prolonged
durations.
Prolonged high blood pressure results in the
malfunctioning of kidneys

20. INFLAMMATION OF
KIDNEY
may result through bacterial
infection.
When renal failure occurs a kidney
from a person with compatible blood
and tissues can be transplanted.

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