This document provides information on different types of urban transportation infrastructure including monorail, metro rail, and the underground railroad. It discusses the history and development of monorails dating back to the 1800s. Modern monorails operate on a single beam and can have carriages suspended below or sitting atop the track. The document also outlines the key features and workings of metro rail systems, as well as providing specifics about the Delhi Metro. Finally, it summarizes the underground railroad that helped slaves escape to freedom in the Northern US and Canada between 1810-1865, describing how passengers, conductors, stations and signals aided in their journey.

1. Urban Infrastructure On Mono, Metro and
Underground Rail
Done By:
I.Lydia
Kings College Of Engineering
Tanjore

2. History of Mono Rail
Monorails have been
around since the 1800s,
the first monorail was
made in Russia in 1820 by
Ivan Elmanov, but only
really came to public
attention in the 1950s
when Walt Disney
installed one in his new
theme park: Disneyland,
California.
Gyro Monorail in 1909

3. Modern Monorails
Modern monorails are based on a single solid beam
that supports and guides the train; the carriages are
either suspended beneath the track, or sit on top. A
steel or reinforced concrete beam in the range of 2
to 3 feet (0.61 to 0.91 m) wide is used as track. The
straddle-beam style was popularized by the German
company ALWEG. Conductive shoes on the carriages
then transmit the current to the train.
Monorail at
Disneyland
,
Califo
rnia

4. Monorail is raised at a
minimum height of 5.5 meters
from ground level on columns.
The carriages have pneumatic
rubber tyres, which drive
along the top of beam.
Rubber-tired carriage contacts
the beam on the top and both
sides for traction and to
stabilize the vehicle and to
prevent side-to-side swaying
of the train, and also helping

5. -

6. Inside
Monorail

8. Mumbai Monorail
 It is the first monorail in India since the Kundala Valley Railway
and Patiala State Monorail Train ways were closed in the 1920s.
Construction began in 2009 and the first operational line,
between Wadala Depot and Chembur, was opened to the public
on 2 February 2014. Trains run from 7am to 3pm IST in the initial
stage. Now it is operated for 19 hours straight.
 The Mumbai Monorail, is a four-car train, with a capacity of 140
passengers per car. The maximum capacity of the system is
10,000 passengers per hour per direction.

9. MERITS
 Monorail can be built faster
with less cost. It consumes
minimal space.
 The monorail itself uses no
carbon-based fuels and so does
not pollute, unlike cars and
buses.
 As monorails run around
elevated tracks there is no risk
of cars getting stuck on
crossings.
 Monorails are also
practically silent, as
opposed to trains which
make a noise traveling along
rails.
 Monorails contribute to a
greener environment as it
helps in removing vehicles
from the road.

10. DEMERITS
 If a section of track
needs to be replaced,
the entire system
needs to be shut down
resulting in no service.
 Without electricity it
can not be run.
 Monorail tracks do not
easily accommodate
at-grade intersections.
 In an emergency,
passengers may not be
able to immediately
exit because an
elevated monorail
vehicle is high above
ground and not all
systems have
emergency walkways.

11. Metro Rail
A rapid transit, metro
or an electrical
passenger in an urban
area with a high
capacity and no
delay, and
Independent from
other traffic.

12. HISTORY OF METRORAIL
 Rapid transit
evolved from steam
railways during the
late 19th century.
 The electric railway
eventually was
merged into London
underground
opened in 1863.

13. DESIGN OF A METRORAIL
 Metro rail that runs on
2 rails like all other
trains all over the
world.
 Most rapid transit
trains are electrical
multiple units with
lengths from three to
beyond ten cars.
 They use pantographs

14. MODERN METRORAILS
 Shanghai, London, New
York, and Delhi, It is
called metro as it runs
mostly in metro cities of
the world.
 It runs underground, on
ground and over the
ground too. this feature
makes an advancement
from the early stages of
monorail.

15. WORKING PRINCIPLE
 There are no magnetic
levitation methods of
electromagnetism used here.
They purely follow conventional
methods of electrical multiple
unit(EMU) . That is they use
electric power for the
propulsion.
 While underground metro use
linear motor for propulsion.

16. SPEED OF METRORAIL
The world's fastest
underground train
zipped through
Guangzhou (south
china) Reaches a
top speed of
135km/hr.
Guangzhou metro rail station

17. Delhi Metro Rail Corporation
 DELHI METRO RAIL CORPORATION was initiated by the Indian
government in March 1995 , the operation began in 24 December
2002.
 The network has a total length of 189.63 kilometers with142
stations of which 35 are underground.
 (DMRC)has been certified by the UNITED NATIONS as the first metro
rail-based system in the world to get “carbon credits for reducing
greenhouse gas emissions” and helping in reducing pollution levels
in the city by 630,000 tons annually.

19. Underground Railroad
A network of people
who helped slaves
from the southern
United States escape
to the free northern US
and to Canada
between 1810 and
1865 (Civil War).

20. The Underground Railroad(1810-1865)
took place during part of the Civil War
War of the northern states
against the southern states
was really caused by slavery
issue
Southern Confederate flag
and the northern Union flag

21. Traveling on the UGRR
 Passengers – runaway slaves
 Conductor- a person who guided or transported the runaways to
the next station.
 Station stops -(safe houses)
 Safe houses- houses where runaways could hide safely, find
shelter, food , clothing and help on their way north toward
freedom.
 Station master- person at the safe house who would help the
escaping slaves

22. Signals
 A lantern on a hitching
post means a safe
house or station house
 Special knocks
 Quilts
(basket pattern= begin
gathering
supplies and tools for
escape)

23. Coffin Home

24. Thank You!!!