The document discusses the evolution and significance of railway systems worldwide, highlighting the importance of modern trains and railway stations. It categorizes different types of railway stations, including terminal, junction, and marshalling yards, and details the functions of each. It also mentions notable railway stations globally and their unique features, emphasizing their role in transportation and cultural heritage.

1. Railway Engineering
Supervisor: Dr.monajem
Researcher: Amirmasoud Taghavi
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2. ‫چکیده‬
‫آهن‬ ‫راه‬
‫ایستگاه‬
‫مانوری‬ ‫ایستگاه‬
‫گوش‬ ‫سه‬ ‫ایستگاه‬
‫آشکوب‬ ‫ایستگاه‬‫سکو‬ ‫ایستگاه‬
‫وی‬ ‫ایستگاه‬
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3. • With over 200 years of innovation and improvement,
train industry managed to grow from its simple “steam
engine” years to the modern enviroment where train
networks encompass entire planet Earth.
Introduction
The fastest train in the world
Shanghai-magnetic train

4. Comparison different types of transportation
• Costs and Safety

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6. • Green house gases
It is clear from Figure that the key challenge to reducing GHG
emissions from freight transportation is to reduce the amount of
emissions from truck transport. At a high level, there are two ways to
accomplish this goal: reduce GHG emissions from trucks or shift more
freight transport to less GHG-intensive forms of transport such as rail.
Modern railways are a green transport alternative when their
infrastructure and trains are heavily utilized.
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7. What’s the best way to travel?
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8. Development of railways in America through out the
history
The first American transcontinental railroad was built in 1869.
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9. • With the development of this railroad, goods from the
international and national ports could easily travel to the
plains and across the country to California. While back then,
the stops were limited, today, there are hundreds of cities to
travel to in the Northeast alone.
New, modern, trains contain cafes, WIFI, and even
sleeping cabins for overnight travel and Comfortable
seating
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10. • Local trains are also available in the bigger cities, such
as the MTA trains in New York City.
MTA trains in New York City
New York
subway opened
111 years ago
and is now the
largest subway
system in North
America bears.

11. New York subway routes so broad that if they burst, we
will cover the distance between New York and
Chicago. With 21 routes and 468 stations,
approximately 1.7 billion people will travel with this
system.

13. Take the best urban metros of world
• Transport for London's
underground system, the
oldest in the world. The
system was established
in 1863 and The first
electric line in enabled
in 1905 . Trains move
between 207 stations
have an approximate
speed of 20 miles per
hour.

14. • 2.4 billion people annually visit the Moscow metro that
this issue makes it the Europe's busiest subway system.
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15. Moscow Metro
stations decorated
by marble, bronze
statues and luxury
chandeliers, is one
of the finest and
most artistic
specimens in the
world.

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17. • Metro Stockholm, Sweden, with over 68 Miles and having
statues, paintings and other beautiful design and
masterfully performed by more than 150 artists, is the
world's longest art exhibition.
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18. Metro Stockholm-The longest art gallery

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23. • Athens metro builders in 1992 when they began their
work, they are in fact doing the largest archaeological dig
carried out the modern city. During the excavation, more
than 50 thousand historical pieces from the category of
classical Greek, Byzantine and Roman was discovered.
some parts of metro stations in Athens today have been
shown them to the public.
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25. • Seoul Metro, With some luxury amenities such as seat
heating and TV screens showing advertisements and
news has many fans in the world,
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27. • In Naples, Italy, the Metro is much more than the usual transit
points. These art-station – a project of the city government created to
make public transport more attractive centers. The station operates
on the internationally recognized architects who have created more
than 180 works of art. Naples subway turned into a real museum,
where the passengers and want to stay, even in rush hour.
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29. Napl University metro station

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32. Definition of Station
• Railway station is an arrangement of lines, buildings and
equipment in order to achieve the following objectives and
operation:
 Turn off the trains, Transistation of trains, Overtaking of express trains
from slow trains
 Isolation and picking wagons when it needed
 Providing welfare services to passengers
 Loading and unloading goods, Handling luggage, Storage of consumer,
commercial and industrial goods
 Service and repair of locomotives and wagons
….
• Another definition:
• A railway station or a railroad station and often shortened to just
station, is a railway facility where trains regularly stop to load or
unload passengers or freight.
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33.  Buying of tickets.
 Loading/unloading of goods.
 Passenger movements.
 Vendors selling his food items.
 Arrival & departure of trains.
 Cleaning of trains.
 Fueling and repair of engines.
 Checking of tickets.
 Passengers approaching to catch
train.
 Other amenities utilization.
Activities in Station

34.  Public requirement
Include booking office, platforms, drinking water, ...
 Traffic requirement
includes arrangement of various counters, signals control, platforms
for goods.
 Locomotive department
includes fuels and water supply, cleaning of locomotive, repairing.
 General requirement
includes proper approach, clocks, coolies, foot-bridges.
FEATURES ON THE RAILWAY STATION
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36. The world's most spectacular railway
stations
Paddington Station,
London, in 1926-1927
The train shed was
designed by Isambard
Kingdom Brunel and
was the first of its kind.

37. Grand Central Terminal,
New York, was built in the
year 1903-1913
It has been used as a
backdrop in a number of
Hollywood flicks namely
Men in Black, 80 days
around world, Bad Boys,
and The Godfather.

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39. This photo taken in 1930
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40. St Pancras train station has
been named as one of the
most romantic spots in the
world.

41. This is one of the most
iconic buildings in London
and a beautiful example
of Victorian architecture.
It was first opened in
1868 as the southern
terminus connecting
London with the East
Midlands and Yorkshire.
When it opened, the
arched Barlow train shed
was the largest single span
roof in the world

42. St Pancras railway station bomb damage in May 1941

43. the world's busiest transport hub
Shinjuku Station in Tokyo
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44. It might not be the most
aesthetically pleasing
train station, but
Shinjuku makes our list
for logistical reasons.
Around 3.5 million
people use it each day,
making it the world's
busiest transport hub.
There are 36 platforms
and over 200 exits.

45. Estacao de Sao Bento, Porto,
opened in 1916
The most notable feature in
Porto's Sao Bento Station are
the wonderful tile panels
depicting scenes from
Portuguese history. They are
the work of Jorge Colaco, and
show events including the
Battle of Valdevez and the
Conquest of Ceuta.

48. Tanggula Mountain Railway Station, Tibet

50. At 5,068m above sea level
Tanggula is the world's
highest train station. It is
found on the Qingzang
railway line which runs
from Qinghai to Lhasa, in
Tibet.

51. • Helsinki Central, Finland
One of the Finnish capital's most
recognisable landmarks, Helsinki
Central is known for its granite
cladding, clock tower and for the
two pairs of statues that dominate
its facade. It opened in 1862 and
around 200,000 passengers use it
every day.

53. • The futuristic station
at Kanazawa, in
Japan's Ishikawa
Province, is entirely
elevated and covered
by a large roof. The
Tsuzumi Gate, built in
2005, dominates.
Inside is a large
shopping mall and
seven platforms.

56. Union Station, Chicago
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58. • This is a major hub for inter-city trains
in America, and even if you are just
passing through Chicago by rail you
will need to stop at this vast station. It
is mostly underground, covering
around nine and a half blocks of the
city. The Great Hall in the centre of
the station is one of its most
impressive features, a 110-foot-high
atrium capped by a large curved
skylight.

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60. • Antwerpen-Centraal
Station, Belgium
Dubbed the "Railway
Cathedral" due to the
monumental size of its main
building, Antwerp's main
station was designed by the
Bruges architect L
Delacenserie. It has a huge
dome and eight smaller
towers, six of which were
destroyed during the 1950s,
then reconstructed in 2009,
along with several ornaments
including large lion statues.
The interior is known for its
luxurious decoration, with
more than 20 different kinds
of marble and stone.

62. • If you're interested, you can find more information
about the railway stations famous on this website:
 http://www.telegraph.co.uk
 http://www.fodors.com
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63. Different types of railway station
• Railway stations are classified into the following
categories
 Flag station and Halt
 Junction Station
 Gare
 Terminal Station
 Marshalling yard
(‫میانی‬ ‫ایستگاه‬)
(‫کاربردی‬ ‫ایستگاه‬)
(‫ایستگاه‬ ‫ابر‬)
(‫پایانه‬ ‫ایستگاه‬)
(‫مانوری‬ ‫ایستگاه‬)
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64. Wayside station(Flag and Halt)
• Small stations which made in the path of a railway line,
usually in each 15 - 30 km.
• Flag stations describes a stopping point at which trains
stop only on an as-need or request basis; that is, only if
there are passengers to be picked up or dropped off.
• These stations have no overtaking or crossing facilities
and arrangements to control the movement of trains.
• These stations have buildings, staff and telegraph facilities.
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65. The CPR flag stop
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67. Junction station
• The stations where a branch line meets the main line are
known as junction station.
• At a junction stations, lines from three or more directions
meet
Kensal Green Junction,
looking towards Gospel
Oak. To the middle is the
North London line, while
the freight line from
Harlesden JCT on the
WCML converges from
the left, and the
connection from
Willesden JCT low level
joins on the right. The
junction signal can be
glimpsed beyond the road
bridge.
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68. • Arrangements in junction stations
 Facilities for interchange of traffic between
main and branch line
 Facilities to clean and repair the
compartments of the trains
 Facilities for good sidings, engine sheds, turn
table etc.

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70. Gare stations
• Usually gare stations are being built in urban areas and
marinas.
• The design of these stations is very complex.
Shinjuku Station, Japan
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71. • It is a station where a railway line or one of its branches
terminates
• Facilities required in terminal stations
 Watering, coaling, cleaning, servicing the engine
 Turn table for the change of direction of the engine
 Facilities for dealing goods traffic. Such as marshalling yard, engine
sheds, sidings etc.
 In circulating area, ticket office, restaurant etc are provided and it is
directly connected to the road
Terminal stations
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73. Marshalling yard
• A marshalling yard is a place where goods trains and other
loads (such as wagons coming in from a nearby goods shed)
are received, sorted out according to a plan, and new trains
formed and dispatched onwards.
• Marshalling yards were indispensable in earlier times, and
were built at all strategic junctions and intersections.
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74. Platforms-Passengers and goods
• A railway platform is a section of pathway, alongside rail tracks
at a railway station and metro station , at which passengers may
board or alight from trains.
• Almost all rail stations have some form of platform, with larger
stations may have many platforms.
China, Kunming, railway-station, platform-passengers
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75. Platform types
 Bay platform
 Side platform(also called through platform)
 Split platform
 Island platform
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Beckenham, Junction, bay platform

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78. Side platform
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82. London, island platform
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83. Goods platform
A Paignton to Leeds express stands at Platform 7 in 1960
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84. Definition of Yard
• An area consisting of a network of railway tracks, sidings, and
sheds for storing, maintaining, and joining engines and
carriages.
• A yard is defined as a system of tracks laid within definite limits
for various purposes such as receiving sorting and dispatch of
vehicles.
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85. Types of yard
 Passengers yard
Its function is to provide facilities for safe movements of
passenger. Passenger platforms are also passenger yards.
 Goods yard
These are provided for loading and unloading of goods.
 Marshalling yard
The main purpose is to isolate, hold and dispatch
wagons to various destinations.
 Locomotive yard
Provided for cleaning, repairing, servicing,
watering and oiling etc of locomotives.
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86. Hawick station looking south in early 20th century from the end of Wilton Hill
Terrace. The goods yard is to the right of the platform.
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87. • A goods yard also
known as a goods
station, goods depot
or freight station
• Requirement for
goods yard
 Approach road for
movement of goods
 Sufficient number of
platforms for loading
and unloading
 Booking office
 Cart weighing machine
 Cranes for loading and
unloading
 Vacuum testing
machine

88. • Marshalling yard is a railroad yard found at some freight
train stations, used to separate railroad cars on to one of
several tracks.
• It is the place where goods wagons received from
different centres are sorted out and placed in order to
detached at different stations.
• The marshalling yards are distribution centres
• Empty wagons are also kept in marshalling yards
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San Petersburgh
station, Russia

89. Maschen marshalling yard, Maschen, ,
Germany
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90. Classification yard, Quebec, Canada
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91. efficient functioning of marshalling yards
• The efficiency of Marshalling yards is based on these
factors
 Shunting operations should not disturb the regular trains
 Should be kept parallel to the running trains
 Repair facilities should be provided on one or more
sidings
 Connected to all important railway stations
 Goods yard should be nearer to the marshalling yard
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92. Types of Marshalling types
• There are three common types of that
 Flat yard
 Gravity yard
 Hump yard
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Feltham marshalling yard

93. Flat yards
• Flat yards are constructed on flat ground, or on a
gentle slope. Freight vehicles are pushed by a
locomotive and coast to their required location.
• A flat yard has no hump, and relies on locomotives for
all car movements.
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Gillman Yard was built to handle the increase in traffic in 1957 and took
over as the main marshalling yard in the Port Adelaide area from the Port
Dock Station.

95. Gravity yard
• The whole yard is set up on a continuous falling gradient and
there is less use of shunting engines.
• Typical locations of gravity yards are places where it was difficult
to build a hump yard due to the topography.
• Gravity yards also have a very large capacity but they need more
staff than hump yards and thus they are the most uneconomical
classification yards.
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A model of gravity shunting yard

97. Hump yard
• These are the largest and most effective classification yards,
with the largest shunting capacity—often several thousand cars a
day.
• The heart of these yards is the hump: a lead track on a hill
(hump) that an engine pushes the cars over.
• Single cars, or some coupled cars in a block, are uncoupled
just before or at the crest of the hump, and roll by gravity onto
their destination tracks.
• A hump yard has a constructed hill, over which freight cars are
shoved by yard locomotives, and then gravity is used to propel
the cars to various sorting tracks
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101. Italy, Atlanta, Tilford train yard
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108. Thanks for your
Attention
And
Any questions?