This document provides an overview of key concepts in ecology. It discusses producers and consumers, trophic levels, ecological pyramids, and ecological interactions between organisms such as competition, predation, and symbiotic relationships. Producers, like plants, use photosynthesis or chemosynthesis to produce energy from sunlight or chemicals. Consumers rely on producers and other organisms for food and include herbivores, carnivores, and omnivores. Energy and biomass decrease at higher trophic levels in ecological pyramids. Organisms interact through competition for resources, predation of prey, and symbiotic relationships like mutualism, commensalism, and parasitism.