The document outlines Pakistan's policies and plans for higher education from the 1950s to 2010. It discusses the establishment of the University Grants Commission in the First Five Year Plan of 1955-1960 and the National Commission on Education's role in developing education policies. Subsequent sections cover the key policies and developments in higher education promoted by the Second, Third, Fourth, and Fifth Five Year Plans, including establishing new universities and increasing enrollment. The roles of the Higher Education Commission and other organizations in developing higher education in Pakistan are also summarized.

1. *HIGHER
EDUCATION
Course Code 828
Asima shahzadi
asimashahzadi7@gmail.com

3. After successful completion of session, participants will be
able to:
Compare different education policies and plans w.r.t higher
education
Understand the role of different organizations for the
development of HE in Pakistan
Understand the role of HEC and its running programs for the
development of HE
*Objectives of the unit

4.  The Frist five year Plan 1955-1960 called for better management of
tertiary education through the provision of autonomy and
accountability.The proposal for a University Grants Committee for every
province was made to improve coordination with the University Board
and the Government.
 The National Commission on Education in 1959 through a
resolution.The policy emerging from this commission was to come up
with a policy to meet the needs of a new nation and mirror the values
required by the population.
Policies and Plans of Higher
Education

5.  In order to get a holistic view of this policy it is important to view the 5 year plans
of 1960-1965 (Second Five Year Plan) and 1965- 1970 (Third Five Year Plan). The
Second Plan targeted the reliance of all levels of education on one another and
emphasized vocational and technical education. This Plan saw the establishment 3
engineering colleges, up gradation of 2 engineering colleges to universities,
postgraduate programs in engineering, construction of 3 universities and
enhancement of the physical infrastructure of seats of higher learning.
Objective
 Formation of the University Grants Commission, emphasis on quality education,
further spread of scientific and technical education and infrastructure, and research
and development for faculty.

6.  The education policy 1972 was envisioned by the
democratic government of Bhutto and focused on higher
education through the establishment of 6 new
universities, 2 new engineering colleges, nationalization
of private institutions, and increase in university
enrollment by 56 percent.

7.  The Fourth and Fifth Five Year Plans of 1970-1975 and 1977- 1983 followed
this policy.The achievements were that the University Grants Commission was
established, as well as centers of excellence, 7 new universities, increase in
agricultural education, scholarships and enrollment in higher education.
 The National Education Policy of 1979 followed and the main features here
were the promotion of Islamic ideology and the continuation of development
efforts in higher education tending to vocational and scientific education.

8.  The Seventh Five Year Plan 1988-1992 saw increases in
engineering education, the setting up of the National Education
Testing Service and some efforts in the area of faculty and
research development.
 The National Education Policy 1992, Higher education became
demand driven and research and community development were
also prioritized to bring about social change in the country.

9.  Following this policy was the Eighth Five Year Plan
1993-98 which provided 4100 million for higher
education. Here again the focus was engineering
education and the 3 year Bachelor’s degree.

10.  The policy realized that higher education was limited to a few, was beset with
politics, the curricula was not current and relevant, the system of assessment was
not adequate and fair, the infrastructure needed up gradation, and inefficient and
corrupt administration. The policy goals were specialization in higher education
which was demand driven and of a superior quality comparable to international
benchmarks with a strong research-oriented faculty.
 To achieve these goals efforts were made in the right direction with all pertinent
recommendations.
The National Educational Policy
1998-2010

11. HE: Genesis & development

12. Why UGC upgraded to HEC?

13. Role of various organization in
Higher Education
 Higher Education commission (HEC)
 Ministry of Federal education and professional training, Pakistan
 Pakistan Engineering Council (PEC)
 National Agricultural Education Accreditation Council (NAEAC)
 National Business Education Accreditation Council (NBEAC)
 National Computing Education Accreditation Council (NCEAC)
 Offices of Research Innovation and Commercialization (ORIC)

14. Role of Higher Education
Commission

15.  Introduction of the semester system
 Anti plagiarism policy
 Quality Enhancement Cells
 Extended the time duration of Bachelor degree
 Grading system
 Information technology reforms
Important functions of HEC