The document summarizes the key aspects of the National Education Policy 2020 introduced in India. It discusses the policy's focus on universalizing access to education, revamping curriculum to make it more holistic and skill-based, strengthening teacher education, promoting multilingualism and setting up new regulatory bodies to oversee education. However, it also notes some challenges in implementing the policy like the need for more resources, coordination across states, increasing student-teacher ratios and the risk of more dropouts. Overall, the policy aims to transform India's education system but its success will depend on addressing these challenges.

2. Syndicate Paper Presentation Level-B (Batch-153)
Presented by:
 Pooja Chaudhary
 Vipin Rana
 Sumit Kumar Gautam
 Sumesh

3. Education
“Education is something, which makes a man self-
reliant and self-less.”
-Rig Veda

4. Background: Education Policies in India
 Education Policy lays particular emphasis on the development of the creative potential
of each individual. It is based on the principle that education must develop not only
cognitive capacities but also social, ethical, and emotional capacities and dispositions.
 The implementation of previous policies on education has focused largely on issues of
access and equity. The unfinished agenda of the National Policy on Education 1986,
modified in 1992 (NPE 1986/92), is appropriately dealt with in this Policy.
 A major development since the last Policy of 1986/92 has been the Right of Children to
Free and Compulsory Education Act 2009 which laid down legal underpinnings for
achieving universal elementary education.

5. Evolution of National Education Policies
1968
Indira Gandhi Government
Based on report and recommendations of Kothari
Commission.
National School System.
All students, irrespective of caste, creed, gender, should be
able to attend school.

6. Evolution of National Education Policies
1986
 unqualified priority to universalization of elementary education
 universal enrolment and universal retention of children up to 14 years of age
 a substantial improvement in the quality of education.
1992
 to establish a national system of education
 Education to be provided irrespective of caste, creed, sex, and religion
 Access to education of comparable quality.
 Special emphasis was given to women's education.

7. National Education
Policy 2020
Introduced on 29.07.2020
Implemented from 01.04.2022

8. 8

9. Introduction
The National Education Policy (NEP), 2020 is the first education policy
of the 21st century and replaces the thirty-four-year-old National Policy
on Education (NPE), 1986.
Built on the foundational pillars of Access, Equity, Quality, Affordability,
and Accountability.
It aims to transform India into a vibrant knowledge society and global
knowledge superpower by making both school and college education
more holistic, flexible and multidisciplinary.

10. Features of the NEP 2020 policy:
1) Languages
Raises the importance of mother tongue and regional languages;
medium of instruction until class 5 and preferably beyond should be in
these languages.
Sanskrit and foreign languages will also be given emphasis.
No compulsion: No language will be imposed on the students.

11. Features of the NEP 2020 policy
2) School education
 New structure of schooling: The “10 + 2” structure
will be replaced with “5+3+3+4”.
 Novel assessment by PARAKH: Board exams will
be re-designed as per standards set by PARAKH
(Performance Assessment, Review and Analysis of
Knowledge for Holistic Development).
 Holistic Report cards.
 Inter-disciplinary approach: This policy aims at
allowing students to be more “inter-disciplinary” and
“multi-lingual”.
 Software coding: Coding will be introduced from
class 6 and experiential learning will be adopted.

12. Features of the NEP 2020 policy
3) Higher Education
 Revamped UG/PG courses: It proposes a multi-disciplinary bachelors degree with multiple exit
options. MPhil (Masters of Philosophy) courses are to be discontinued to match with international
standards.
 Conduct of entrance examinations by National Testing Agency: NTA will be conducting
entrance examinations for admissions to universities across the country, in addition to the JEE
Main and NEET.
 Internationalization of education: Foreign universities can now set up campuses in India.
 Increasing GER: A Higher Education Council of India (HECI) will be set up to regulate higher
education to increase the gross enrollment ratio.

13. Single Regulator
Four independent verticals” to carry out the functions of-Regulation, Funding,
Accreditation, and Setting standards for learning outcomes.
National Higher
Education
Regulatory Council
(NHERC)
: to regulate in a
‘light but tight’and
facilitative manner.
National
Accreditation
Council (NAC)
: to provide
accreditation to HEIs
Higher Education
Grants
Commission
(HEGC)
: will take care of
funding and
financing of higher
education
General Education
Council (GEC)
: shall be set up to
frame expected
learning outcomes for
higher education
programmes.
Higher Education Commission of India (HECI).

14. Features of the NEP 2020 policy
4) Teacher Education
The teacher recruitment process will be strengthened and made transparent. A 4 year
Bachelor of Education will be the minimum requirement needed by 2030.
The National Council for Teacher Education will frame a National Curriculum
Framework for Teacher Education and a National Professional Standard for Teachers.
5) Setting up of language institutions
Setting up of Indian Institute of Translation and Interpretation and the National
Institute/ Institutes for Pali, Persian and Prakrit.
Bodies like National Mission for Mentoring, National Book Promotion Policy, National
Mission on Foundational Literacy and Numeracy.

15. Features of the NEP 2020 policy
6) Other changes
Numerous new educational institutes, bodies and concepts have been given legislative
permission to be formed like:
 National Education Commission
 Academic Bank of Credit
 National Research Foundation
 Special Education Zones
 Gender Inclusion Fund
 National Educational Technology Forum

16. Hits of the Policy
1) Ensures last mile delivery
 With an extensive focus on universalizing access from early childhood to higher education, integrating
over two crore out-of-school children, and concerted efforts directed at socio-economically
disadvantaged groups, the policy ensures last-mile delivery.
2) A revamped curriculum
 Through a convergence of efforts and erasing traditional silos in workflows, early childhood care and
education will be delivered through a new curriculum as well as a play- and activity-based pedagogy.
 Along with a dedicated national mission for foundational literacy and numeracy, NEP 2020 will be
significant for bolstering the most critical phases of learning, building a strong foundation for
education.

17. Hits of the Policy
3) Departure from the ‘old’ school
 NEP marks a departure from archaic practices and pedagogy.
 Focusses on revamped curriculum, adult education, lifelong learning and vocational skills .
 Through a skill gap analysis, practice-based curriculum and internships with local vocational experts, NEP
2020’s “Lok Vidya”, focussed towards PM’s vision of “Vocal for Local”.
4) An evidence-based policy
 Till date, India lacks a comprehensive system for regular, credible and comparable assessments of learning
outcomes.
 The MHRD undertook a rigorous consultation process in formulating the draft policy – “Over two lakh
suggestions from 2.5 lakh gram panchayats, 6,600 blocks, 6,000 Urban Local Bodies (ULBs), 676 districts
were received.

18. Hits of the Policy
5) Focus on Teacher’s skilling
 Teacher education has been focussed with comprehensive curricular framework and multidisciplinary
programmes.
 Online systems for teacher transfers and planning will ensure that the right teachers are in the right
institutes.
6) Academic credit bank
 The creation of an academic credit bank, focus on research, graded autonomy and internationalization
will rebrand India as the higher education destination.
 Further, multilingual education and efforts to enhance the knowledge of India could restore the
country’s educational heritage from the glory days of Takshashila and Nalanda — creating a system
that’s modern yet rooted.

19. Hits of the Policy
7) Departure from over-regulation
 NEP 2020 makes a bold prescription to free our schools, colleges and universities from
periodic “inspections” and place them on the path of self-assessment and voluntary
declaration.
 Transparency, maintaining quality standards and a favourable public perception will become
a 24X7 pursuit for the institutions, leading to all-round improvement in their standard.
8) Getting a job-ready generation
 With the new policy coming in picture, the school and college education will not only be
seen as a facilitator of degree but it will be treated as a medium to build personality and it’ll
help the students in their holistic professional growth.

20. Challenges
Language barrier.
Low Student-Teacher ratio.
Chances for more dropouts.
Requirement of enormous resources.
Coordination with State-Education being on Concurrent list.
Capacity Building.
Government Schools v/s Private Schools.

21. Low Student-Teacher ratio
Shortfall of over 5 Lakh Teachers, 6,600 professors, (i.e. a
shortfall of 33 %).
35 per cent and 38 per cent vacant seats of teachers in IITs and
state universities, respectively.
Introduction of regional languages for each subject in academic
institutes is a problem. This also requires more quality
educators.

22. Chances for more dropouts
 Dropout Rates in 2021-22 as per Unified District Information System for Education
Plus (UDISE+):
• Primary (1 to 5) : 1.5%
• Upper Primary (6-8) : 3.0%
• Secondary (9-10) : 12.6%
 Introduction of Vocational Courses at early age could lead to more dropouts and in
turn child Labour.
 Students willing to complete their graduation have to study for four years while one
can easily complete his/ her diploma degree in two years. This might encourage the
pupil to leave the course midway.

23.  Teachers
 Early introduction of English Language thus widening the gap between
sections of the societies.
 Infrastructure
Government Schools v/s Private Schools

24. Requirement of Enormous Resources
Ambitious target of spending 6% of GDP on Education.
Which is still approx. 3.1% only.
Providing study material in regional languages.
Capacity building programme of teachers.
Approx 40% of government schools don't have
playgrounds which a pre-requisite for foundation stage of
NEP, 2020.

25. Conclusion
Introduction of NEP 2020, many changes have been made and
one of those is the discontinuation of M. Phil course. Even though
there are few drawbacks in the new education policy, the merits
are more in number. It is believed by many that by
implementing these changes, the Indian academic system will
be taken a step higher.