education policy of pakistan from 1972 80 presented by abubakar & m. kashif M.Phil scholars

1. THE EDUCATION POLICY 1972-80
From 9 to 16 chapter
PRESENTED BY
ABU BAKAR
MUHAMMAD KASHIF
M.PHIL EDUCATION
CE&ST
UNIVERSITY OF SWAT
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2. 9. STUDENT’S WELFARE
 9.1 Scholarships ;
 Merit scholarships will be given to students so that poverty
will no longer constitute a barrier to their full and proper
education.
 The total allocation for scholarships which for 1971-72was
about Rs.2crores will be increased to 8 crores by 1979-80
 9.2 Student loans;
 Interest-free loans will be provided to talented students to
continue their higher studies
 This program will be introduce with the help of banking
system.
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3.  9.3 Book banks :
 In view of the high prices of textbooks and their non
in the local market in some areas book banks will be
established in universities and colleges
 Special grants will be provided by university grant commission
TO universities and colleges for establishment of book banks
 9.4 Transport facilities :
 Suitable transport facilities will be provided to students at low
cost.
 Facility for free medical check ups will be provided for
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4. 9.5 School uniforms :
To reduce the social and economical inequality
(between the same school students or students of
different school) equal and unexpansive uniform will
be made.
9.6 Special education :
In order to provide the opportunity to the students
became productive and self reliance citizens,
arrangements for special education for handicapped
children will be made by opening new schools and
also strengthening of the existing ones.
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5. 10 CURRICULA, BOOK PRODUCTION,
LIBRARIES AND INSTRUCTIONAL
TECHNOLOGY
 10.1 National curriculum bureau :
 To review and update the curricula for all
stages of education including technical and
vocational education, to keep them
constantly under review and to revise and
modernize them at regular interval the
national curriculum bureau will be strengthen
and re organized
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6. curriculum centers will be established in
each province
the curriculum of elementary and
secondary level the stress will be given to
the learning of concepts and skills and
encourage observation, exploration,
experimentation, practical work And
creative expression.
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7. 10.2 Teacher training courses :
All the teacher training courses will be revised
and reformulated.
In-service trainings will be given in large scal .
Teachers guide books ,hand books and resource
materials will be prepared and published
New improved textbook will be prepared for
publication
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8. 10.3 National foundation for book
production :
The facilities for the production of books
and reading materials are inadequate even
to meet the existing level of literacy and
education in the country .
Steps will be taken to strengthen our
national productions of books and reading
materials.
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9.  10.4 Liberaries :
 Well equipped libraries to be established in all
educational institutions
 A public library system will be established throughout
the country under this program 50000 people
libraries will be established in villages and cities
 In order to promote library movements .it will
necessary to established properly trained and salaried
cadres of librarian both for educational and public
libraries
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10.  10.5 Instructional technology :
 the modern instructional technology will be used to
improve and expand both formal and non formal
education
 10.6 Use of radio and television :
 To promote educational broadcasting programs. about
1,50,000 radio and 1,00,000 television set will be distribute
to schools and adult educational centers
 Separate radio and television channels will be established
for broadcasting educational programs
 Substantial time will be given to recitation and translation
of the Holy Quran
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11. 10.7 Educational equipment :
Educational equipment technical
assissstence centre Lahore will be
strengthened and similar centres will be
established in sind and KPK .
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12. 11 EXAMINATIONS
 11.1 Annual examination :
 The existing system of examination is one of the root cause of
the general problems in our education system
 At present (in 1972) there are internal examination from class
1st to class 9th under which students are failed or pass on the
bases of annual tests
 There is no system of observing, recording and evaluating the
performance, behavior and aptitude of the students
throughout the year .As a result the passing and failing of
students in the annual examination consistently becomes just
a matter of the pupil’s memory only .
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13. Continue….
The high percent of failure not only lead to
heavy drop out but also bring a life long
feeling of frustration and inferiority in the
effected students .
To make the educational system fruitfull it is
essential to alter radically the present
examination system . There will be no
annual examinations, in the existing sense
up to class 9th
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14.  11.2 Cumulative record :
 In place of single annual examination a system of continuous
evaluation of the progress , aptitude and problems of
by the class teachers will be introduced
 There will be no failure and no repetition of classes up to class
9th . Special attention will be given to low learners .
 Additional boards of intermediate and secondary education
be established for every 25000 students .
 Additional boards will be established in Rawalpindi,
Bahawalpur, Gujranwala, khairpur and saidu sharif .
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15. 12 Physical education, games and sports
12.1Physical education :
Physical education will have equal status with
other discipline in all schools and colleges
Physical education teacher will be given the
same salary ,status, terms, and conditions of
service and prospects of promotion as teachers
with comparable qualification of other
disciplines.
Physical education is to be included as an
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16. 12.2 Plying fields :
Open spaces and play grounds will acquire for
schools and colleges
All concern departments and ministries will
protect and reserve all such fields for the use of
educational institutions
Special sports and recreation centers will be
established for women.
A national sports trust will be established to
make sports activities self financing .
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17. 13.NATIONAL SERVICE CORPS:
MILITARY TRAINING

18. 13.1 National Service Corps:
 A National Service corps will be created. All youth between the age of 17
and 23 will be encouraged to serve in the corps for a total period of one
year after passing the intermediate Examination.
 The incentives to be provided to attract young men to join corps will
include:
 (a) A monthly honorarium, (b) uniform allowance, (c) preference in
selection for admission to institutions of higher education and for
employment both in private and public sector, (d) the period spent in the
corps will not be counted for purposes of age limit of entry into services,
etc.

19.  The national service corps will form an integral part of the educational
organization of the country. Appropriate command and administrative
machinery, starting form Ministry of education down to the district level,
will be established.
 The provincial education administrations will implement the scheme and
provide the necessary training. District authorities will be responsible for
local administration and employment.

20. 13.2 Military Training
 Military training will be progressively introduced for all students between
age of 13 to 17 years (classes IX ---XII). The main aim of military training
at this stage will be to prepare for national defense by imparting basic
military techniques and skills, both at the individual and corporate level,
 And by training young men in the use of personal weapons such as rifle,
pistol, etc.
 Arrangements for this training within the educational institutions will be
made by borrowing instructors from the armed forces of by recruitment
of ex-servicemen.

21.  Full time military training will be made available gradually to all medically
fit male students between the age of 17 to 23 years at convenient stage of
their career.
 The defense establishment will provide uniform, mess, accommodation,
medical care and training to the students undergoing fulltime military
training.

22. 14. RELIGIOUS EDUCATION
 The study of islamiyat will be compulsory for Muslim students up to Class
X. steps will be taken to ensure that curricula and textbooks for all stages
do not contain anything unacceptable to, or inconsistent with the cultural
and ethical values of Islam.

23.  The chief aim of religious instruction will be to enable the students to
develop a positive way and code of life which combines into itself the rich
heritage of our past and fulfils the hopes, aspirations and ideals of our
future.
 The new educational radio and television channels will devote substantial
time to the recitation of the holy Quran, and its translation.
 Social structure and values will be maintained in respect of institutions
imparting exclusively religious instruction such as Maktabs, Madrassahs,
Darul-Ulooms, etc. run by Muslims and similar institutions run by any other
religious denomination.

24. 15. EDUCATIONAL POLICY AND
ADMINSTRATION
 The present educational administrative set-up in the country is
inadequate and unnecessarily complicated by a variety of somewhat
superficial tires. It will be efficient in discussion with provincial
Governments.
 The entire educational policy will be kept under constant review and
evaluation by the education councils and will be developed further and
further in the light of practical experience gained in the course of its
implementations.

25. Cont….
 In order to provide the institutional framework for planning, guidance and
evaluation, and also the resource data on which to base administrative and
policy decisions, educational research units will be established/developed
by Ministry of Education and the provincial departments of education.
These units will work in close collaboration with their respective Education
councils.

26. Cont………………..
 These councils will have standing committees for various specific areas od
activity such as :
 (a) National educational council under the chairmanship of the central
ministers of education:---
 School Education
 Higher Education
 Technical Education
 Adult and Continuing Education
 Curriculum, Textbooks and instructional tehnology

27.  Education and social science research
 physical examination, games and sports
 National service corps and military training
 Book production and libraries. Arts and cultures. Teachers. Students
welfare. Examinations and special education

28.  (b) Provincial educational councils under the chairmanship of the
provincial minister of education:---
 Elementary education. Secondary education. Technical and professional
education.
 Higher education. Adult and continuing education. Examinations.
 Curriculum, textbooks and instructional technology. Education and social
science research. National service corps and military training
 Book production and libraries. Arts and cultures. Teachers. Students
welfare. Examinations and special education.

29.  (c) District/corporation/municipality /town councils
 Elementary education. Secondary education
 Adult and Continuing Education
 Students welfare
 National service corps and military training

30. 16. COST AND FINANCING
 At present, in the public sector we spend annually about Rs. 70 crores on
education which includes Rs. 20 crores capital expenditure and Rs. 50
crores annual recurring expenditure. This represents less rhan 2 % of the
G.N.P an makes our expenditure on education about the lowest in the
world.
 The percentage of G.N.P spent currently on education in some other
countries/regions is as follows…
 Europe 7.6 %...... U.S.S.R 7.3 %.......Canada 8.3 %.........Japan 6.0 %........
U.A.R 5.0 %.

31.  In this regard, UNESCO recommends that the developing countries should
spend at least 4% of their G.N.P on education.