U13 Lesson 2
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This document provides information about cells, tissues, organs and organ systems. It begins by describing specialized cell types in animals like muscle cells, nerve cells and red blood cells. In plants it discusses cells like palisade cells, root hair cells and xylem cells. It explains the differences between animal and plant cells. The document then defines tissues as groups of cells working together, organs as structures made of tissues and organ systems as groups of organs that work together to perform functions. Examples of both plant and animal organs and organ systems are provided. The levels of organization from cell to organism are described.
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This document provides information about the physiology of fluid balance and an animal cell lesson plan. It includes:
- Objectives for the lesson on recalling knowledge of cells, determining the structure and function of organelles, and creating an animal cell model.
- A definition of an animal cell as the basic membrane-bound unit that contains molecules of life and makes up all living things.
- An overview of the organelles that make up an animal cell including the nucleus, cell membrane, mitochondria, nucleolus, cytoplasm, Golgi complex, endoplasmic reticulum, lysosome, and vacuole.
- A reminder that all cells need to perform the basic functions of movement, respiration
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This document contains information about a biology lab on human body fluids:
1. The document provides instructions for an upcoming lab on identifying and categorizing different types of human body fluids. Students are told to come prepared and have read the assigned chapter.
2. The lab will involve students working in groups to label a diagram of a body with different fluids, using correct biological terminology. Example fluids that could earn extra points include tears, plasma, and mucous.
3. Students are provided with information on typical fluid percentages in the human body. For example, an 80kg male would have approximately 48kg of total body fluid, 32kg as intracellular fluid, and 3.2kg as blood volume.
Lesson 1 the cell
This document outlines the expectations and objectives for a laboratory session on anatomy and physiology. The session will focus on cells, including:
1. Recalling previous knowledge of cells and determining the structure and function of organelles. Students will work together to list cell organelles and their functions.
2. Creating models of animal cells in small groups, choosing materials to represent each organelle and justifying their choices.
3. Learning about the basic structure of the animal cell, including the nucleus, cell membrane, mitochondria, and other organelles.
4. Recapping what was learned and previewing the next week's topic on different tissue types in the body.
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This document summarizes the levels of organization in the human body from molecules to tissues. It begins with the basic biomolecules that make up cells, including proteins, carbohydrates, lipids, nucleic acids, and water. It then describes the structures and organelles found in eukaryotic animal and plant cells, including the cell membrane, nucleus, mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus, lysosomes, cytoskeleton, centrosome, ribosomes, vacuoles, and chloroplasts (plant cells only). It also briefly discusses prokaryotic cells. Finally, it reviews the four main tissue types - epithelial, connective, muscle and nervous tissue - and some examples of each type
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Here is a draft paragraph you could write as a cell:
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Building units of the body
The human body is made up of many parts like bones, blood, heart, stomach, lungs, and brain. These parts are made up of cells, which are the basic building blocks of life that perform all activities needed to sustain life. Cells group together to form tissues that work together to perform specific functions. Living things can either be unicellular, consisting of a single cell like an amoeba, or multicellular, made up of billions of cells like humans, animals and plants. Cells are microscopic in size and each type of cell has a different shape, size and specialized function in the body. Different cells have varying lifespans, from taste bud cells living 7 days to nerve cells living up to 130
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This document provides information about the physiology of fluid balance and an animal cell lesson plan. It includes:
- Objectives for the lesson on recalling knowledge of cells, determining the structure and function of organelles, and creating an animal cell model.
- A definition of an animal cell as the basic membrane-bound unit that contains molecules of life and makes up all living things.
- An overview of the organelles that make up an animal cell including the nucleus, cell membrane, mitochondria, nucleolus, cytoplasm, Golgi complex, endoplasmic reticulum, lysosome, and vacuole.
- A reminder that all cells need to perform the basic functions of movement, respiration
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This document contains information about a biology lab on human body fluids:
1. The document provides instructions for an upcoming lab on identifying and categorizing different types of human body fluids. Students are told to come prepared and have read the assigned chapter.
2. The lab will involve students working in groups to label a diagram of a body with different fluids, using correct biological terminology. Example fluids that could earn extra points include tears, plasma, and mucous.
3. Students are provided with information on typical fluid percentages in the human body. For example, an 80kg male would have approximately 48kg of total body fluid, 32kg as intracellular fluid, and 3.2kg as blood volume.
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This document outlines the expectations and objectives for a laboratory session on anatomy and physiology. The session will focus on cells, including:
1. Recalling previous knowledge of cells and determining the structure and function of organelles. Students will work together to list cell organelles and their functions.
2. Creating models of animal cells in small groups, choosing materials to represent each organelle and justifying their choices.
3. Learning about the basic structure of the animal cell, including the nucleus, cell membrane, mitochondria, and other organelles.
4. Recapping what was learned and previewing the next week's topic on different tissue types in the body.
Levels of organization of human body
This document summarizes the levels of organization in the human body from molecules to tissues. It begins with the basic biomolecules that make up cells, including proteins, carbohydrates, lipids, nucleic acids, and water. It then describes the structures and organelles found in eukaryotic animal and plant cells, including the cell membrane, nucleus, mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus, lysosomes, cytoskeleton, centrosome, ribosomes, vacuoles, and chloroplasts (plant cells only). It also briefly discusses prokaryotic cells. Finally, it reviews the four main tissue types - epithelial, connective, muscle and nervous tissue - and some examples of each type
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Here is a draft paragraph you could write as a cell:
As a cell, I am the basic unit of structure and function that makes up complex organisms. Cells come together to form tissues, which then make up organs. Groups of organs working together are called organ systems. There are two main types of organisms - unicellular organisms that are single cells, and multicellular organisms made of many cells like humans. I am produced through cell division, where my parent cell divides into two new daughter cells. My main structures include a cell membrane that encloses my cytoplasm, a nucleus that controls my functions, mitochondria that provide me energy, and a vacuole for storage. Together with other cells, I form the basic tissues, organs
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U13 Lesson 2
- 1. The Cell Unit 13 Lesson 2 l.jones@mbro.ac.uk
- 4. Beaker
- 8. Clamp stand
- 10. Test tube
- 12. Experiment
- 14. Microscope
- 16. Tripod
- 18. Goggles
- 19. Objectives • Identify the difference between animal cells and plant cells. • Explain the structure and function of the specialised cells: red blood cell, muscle cells, ciliated cells, xylem vessels and root hair cells. • Define the terms tissue, organ and organ systems, with examples.
- 20. Organ Cell Organ System Tissue Organelle Organism Nucleus Muscle cell Muscle Heart Circulatory system Human As cells have lots of different functions they are often specialised to do a particular job. This means that they have special features that make them well adapted at carrying out these functions.
- 21. Examples of Specialised Cells Animal Muscle cell Nerve cell White blood cell Red blood cell Ovum (egg cell) Fat cell Sperm Ciliated epithelial cell Plant Leaf palisade cell Root hair cell Guard cell Xylem cell
- 22. Type of Cell Function Special features To carry oxygen Large surface area for haemoglobin to join with O2 To conduct nerve impulses to facilitate action Can carry electrical signals To join with sperm and nourish new cells forming Contains lots of cytoplasm To reach female cell Long tail for movement TASK! 5 minutes!
- 23. A section through a liver cell (animal cell) TASK: Draw this and label it from memory cell membrane cytoplasm nucleus DNA controls what enters and leaves the cell metabolic (chemical) reactions occur here contains the DNA and so controls the cell contains the coded instructions to make proteins
- 24. Section through a palisade cell of a leaf (plant cell) cell membrane nucleus cytoplasm chloroplast large sap vacuole cellulose cell wall
- 25. Comparing animal and plant cells Found in both animal and plant cells Found only in plant cells cell membrane cellulose cell wall nucleus large sap vacuole cytoplasm chloroplast
- 26. An organ is a structure made of a group of tissues working together to perform specific functions Plant organs include the stem and the leaves heart stomach lungs liver brain kidneys
- 27. An organ system is a group of organs that coordinate to perform related functions TASK – name the systems from left to right! In plants the shoot is an organ system consisting of leaves and the stem lymphatic system respiratory system digestive system excretory system reproductive system muscular system skeletal system nervous system endocrine system circulatory system
- 28. Levels of organisation nerve cell nervous tissue brain nervous system Homosapiens smallest largest cell tissue organ organ systems organism
- 29. Now you should be able to: • Identify the difference between animal cells and plant cells. • Explain the structure and function of the specialised cells: red blood cell, muscle cells, ciliated cells. • Define the terms tissue, organ and organ systems, with examples.
- 30. Practical Time • Please put on a lab coat • Make sure all bags are out of the way • You will need a pen and paper!
- 31. Did your cheek cell look like this? The cells seen are squamous epithelial cells from the outer epithelial layer of the mouth. The small blue dots are bacteria from our teeth and mouth.
- 32. Homework! For next week: • Research the microstructure of the cell, Including all the organelles we have spoken about today. • Bring a list of organelles and a diagram of each to next weeks lesson.