The document discusses how cells maintain homeostasis at different levels of organization. Individual cells maintain homeostasis by growing, responding to the environment, transforming energy, and reproducing. In multicellular organisms, cells become specialized and communicate with each other to maintain homeostasis. Specialized cells are organized into tissues, then organs, and finally organ systems, creating a division of labor that allows the organism to maintain homeostasis.

1. Lesson Overview
Homeostasis and Cells
7.4 Homeostasis
and Cells

2. Lesson Overview
Homeostasis and Cells
The Cell as an Organism
Homeostasis – maintenance of a relatively
constant internal physical and chemical
conditions
How do individual cells maintain
homeostasis?
To maintain homeostasis, unicellular
organisms grow, respond to the
environment, transform energy, and
reproduce.

3. Lesson Overview
Homeostasis and Cells
Multicellular Life
How do the cells of multicellular organisms work
together to maintain homeostasis?
The cells of multicellular organisms become
specialized for particular tasks and
communicate with one another to maintain
homeostasis.

4. Lesson Overview
Homeostasis and Cells
Multicellular Life
The cells of multicellular organisms are
interdependent, and like the members of a successful
baseball team, they work together.
In baseball, players take on a particular role, such as
pitcher, catcher, infielder, or outfielder. Messages and
signals are sent and understood by teammates and
coaches to play the game effectively.
Cells in a multicellular organism work the same way.
The cells of multicellular organisms become specialized
for particular tasks and communicate with one another
in order to maintain homeostasis.

5. Lesson Overview
Homeostasis and Cells
Example - Specialized Animal Cells
Particles of dust, smoke, and bacteria are part of even
the cleanest air.
Specialized animal cells act like street sweepers to
keep the particles out of the lungs.
These cells are full of mitochondria, which provide a
steady supply of the ATP that powers the cilia on their
upper surfaces.

6. Lesson Overview
Homeostasis and Cells
Example - Specialized Plant Cells
Pollen grains are highly specialized cells that
are tiny and light, with thick cell walls to
protect the cell’s contents.
Pine pollen grains have two tiny wings that
enable the slightest breeze to carry them
great distances.

7. Lesson Overview
Homeostasis and Cells
Levels of Organization
The specialized cells of multicellular organisms are
organized into tissues, then into organs, and finally
into organ systems.

8. Lesson Overview
Homeostasis and Cells
Levels of Organization
A tissue is a group of similar cells that
performs a particular function.

9. Lesson Overview
Homeostasis and Cells
Levels of Organization
Organ – groups of tissues that work together
Each type of tissue performs an essential task to help
the organ function.
In most cases, an organ completes a series of
specialized tasks.

10. Lesson Overview
Homeostasis and Cells
Levels of Organization
Organ system - a group of organs that work together
to perform a specific function
For example, the stomach, pancreas, and intestines
work together as the digestive system.

11. Lesson Overview
Homeostasis and Cells
Levels of Organization
The organization of the body’s cells into
tissues, organs, and organ systems creates a division
of labor among those cells that allows the organism to
maintain homeostasis.