This document introduces different types of indoor and outdoor light bulbs and their key characteristics. It defines terms like watt, lumens, lux, efficiency and efficacy. For indoor lighting, it describes traditional incandescent bulbs as well as more efficient CFL and LED bulbs. Outdoor lighting discussed includes halogen, metal halide, sodium and LED street lamps. Newer LED options like PCA and NBA lamps are highlighted as being efficient with good color rendition.
Hi there,
In this presentation we have the complete details about the incandescent lamp and this presentation gives the complete history of the incandescent lamp or the history of the lamp. This presentation tells that what it have and what it is.....
I hope that you like this presentation........
Have A Nice Day
Yours Krishna.....
electrical luminaries and market surveysahil saifi
A luminaire is defined in Article 100 as “a complete lighting unit consisting of a lamp or lamps together with the parts designed to distribute the light, to position and protect the lamps and ballast (where applicable), and to connect the lamps to the power supply.” Since luminaires (lighting fixtures) were not previously defined before the 2002 NEC, this new definition is meant to cover all aspects of a lighting unit, including the lamps that actually provide the illumination, as well as internal and external parts necessary for the proper operation of the unit.
OverviewLighting and AppliancesMaking the lighting and applian.docxalfred4lewis58146
Overview
Lighting and Appliances
Making the lighting and appliances in a home more energy efficient is an important part of the weatherization process. Exchanging inefficient light bulbs for newer, energy efficient versions is easy and, in most cases, inexpensive.
Exchanging appliances for newer, more energy efficient ones is usually worth the effort, although some appliances, such as ovens and stovetops, do not use enough energy to warrant being replaced.
Learning Objectives
Upon completion of this module, you should be able to:
7A
evaluate the best types of artificial lighting.
7B
create different applications that bring natural light in a space.
7C
discuss which types of appliances are the most energy efficient.
Module 6 Reading Assignment
Krigger, J., & Dorsi, C. (2012). Residential Energy: Cost Savings and Comfort for Existing Buildings (6th ed.). Helena: Saturn Resource Management, Inc. Chapter 7.
Supplemental Reading Assignments (Required):
Division of energy resources (2010). Appliances, lighting, electronics an energy guide to help select and operate efficient devices for your home. Minneapolis, MN, (pp. 1-32).
Institute for electric efficiency. (2009, December). Assessment of electricity savings in the U.S. achievable through new appliance/equipment efficiency standards and building efficiency codes (2010-2020). Washington, D.C.: The Edison Foundation, (pp. 1-42).
Lecture Notes
Lighting and Appliances
Anything that draws electrical power is referred to as a load. Part of weatherizing a home includes minimizing the loads in the home in order to lower energy bills and maximize energy efficiency.
Artificial Lighting
Artificial lighting is provided by electricity, fixtures, and bulbs. Artificial lighting is a big contributor to high energy costs. It can contribute as much as 50 percent of the total energy costs of a home.
Lynn Clement of Focus on Energy once said, “If every American household replaces light bulbs in their five most frequently used fixtures with ENERGY STAR compact fluorescent bulbs, we could save more than $8 billion in annual energy costs and prevent greenhouse gases equal to the emissions of more than 10 million cars.”
Since lighting accounts for 20 to 25 percent of U.S. energy consumption, the move to more energy efficient lighting is very important.
Types of Lighting
There are three primary uses, or functions, for lighting in homes: task, ambient, and accent. Task lighting provides light to perform work. Ambient lighting may include light that is used for work but also includes lighting for safety and security. Any lighting used for contrast or ambiance is accent lighting. There are many different types of artificial lights available for residential uses.
Types of Artificial Lighting
Incandescent
Fluorescent
Compact fluorescent
High-intensity discharge
Halogen
Light Emitting diodes
Full Spectrum
Recessed Lights
Incandescent Bulbs
Incandescent bulbs, which are also referred to as A-type bulbs,.
Hi there,
In this presentation we have the complete details about the incandescent lamp and this presentation gives the complete history of the incandescent lamp or the history of the lamp. This presentation tells that what it have and what it is.....
I hope that you like this presentation........
Have A Nice Day
Yours Krishna.....
electrical luminaries and market surveysahil saifi
A luminaire is defined in Article 100 as “a complete lighting unit consisting of a lamp or lamps together with the parts designed to distribute the light, to position and protect the lamps and ballast (where applicable), and to connect the lamps to the power supply.” Since luminaires (lighting fixtures) were not previously defined before the 2002 NEC, this new definition is meant to cover all aspects of a lighting unit, including the lamps that actually provide the illumination, as well as internal and external parts necessary for the proper operation of the unit.
OverviewLighting and AppliancesMaking the lighting and applian.docxalfred4lewis58146
Overview
Lighting and Appliances
Making the lighting and appliances in a home more energy efficient is an important part of the weatherization process. Exchanging inefficient light bulbs for newer, energy efficient versions is easy and, in most cases, inexpensive.
Exchanging appliances for newer, more energy efficient ones is usually worth the effort, although some appliances, such as ovens and stovetops, do not use enough energy to warrant being replaced.
Learning Objectives
Upon completion of this module, you should be able to:
7A
evaluate the best types of artificial lighting.
7B
create different applications that bring natural light in a space.
7C
discuss which types of appliances are the most energy efficient.
Module 6 Reading Assignment
Krigger, J., & Dorsi, C. (2012). Residential Energy: Cost Savings and Comfort for Existing Buildings (6th ed.). Helena: Saturn Resource Management, Inc. Chapter 7.
Supplemental Reading Assignments (Required):
Division of energy resources (2010). Appliances, lighting, electronics an energy guide to help select and operate efficient devices for your home. Minneapolis, MN, (pp. 1-32).
Institute for electric efficiency. (2009, December). Assessment of electricity savings in the U.S. achievable through new appliance/equipment efficiency standards and building efficiency codes (2010-2020). Washington, D.C.: The Edison Foundation, (pp. 1-42).
Lecture Notes
Lighting and Appliances
Anything that draws electrical power is referred to as a load. Part of weatherizing a home includes minimizing the loads in the home in order to lower energy bills and maximize energy efficiency.
Artificial Lighting
Artificial lighting is provided by electricity, fixtures, and bulbs. Artificial lighting is a big contributor to high energy costs. It can contribute as much as 50 percent of the total energy costs of a home.
Lynn Clement of Focus on Energy once said, “If every American household replaces light bulbs in their five most frequently used fixtures with ENERGY STAR compact fluorescent bulbs, we could save more than $8 billion in annual energy costs and prevent greenhouse gases equal to the emissions of more than 10 million cars.”
Since lighting accounts for 20 to 25 percent of U.S. energy consumption, the move to more energy efficient lighting is very important.
Types of Lighting
There are three primary uses, or functions, for lighting in homes: task, ambient, and accent. Task lighting provides light to perform work. Ambient lighting may include light that is used for work but also includes lighting for safety and security. Any lighting used for contrast or ambiance is accent lighting. There are many different types of artificial lights available for residential uses.
Types of Artificial Lighting
Incandescent
Fluorescent
Compact fluorescent
High-intensity discharge
Halogen
Light Emitting diodes
Full Spectrum
Recessed Lights
Incandescent Bulbs
Incandescent bulbs, which are also referred to as A-type bulbs,.
LEDs, or light–emitting diodes, are semiconductor devices that produce visible light when an electrical current is passed through them. LEDs are a type of Solid State Lighting (SSL). LED lighting differs from incandescent and compact fluorescent lighting in several ways. When designed well, LED lighting can be more efficient, durable, versatile and longer lasting.This presentation compares the three common types of bulbs on the market today: LED, Incandescent and Compact Fluorescents (CFLs). For more about LED lighting and our LED energy savings programs for businesses in the Caribbean, visit http://www.reelcaribbeanenergy.com.
Incandescent + Halogen
Par Lamps, Lamp Sizing Guide, Watts, Lumens and Efficacy
Context - Aesthetic or Safety
Form + Line
Materials + Textures
Light + Color
Lighting Effects
Motion + Movement - Static or Dynamic
Sound
Wind
Concealed Components
Circuit Shorts June 2015 - Confused about light bulbs? We're here to enlighte...S W Bishop Electrical
As you probably know, shopping for light bulbs can be a nightmare. You can leave the shop empty-handed and feeling as if you need a degree in electrical engineering. Believe me, the myriad of choice confuses me sometimes! Hopefully this month's Circuit Shorts will clear up some of the confusion and shed some light (see what I did there?) on the many possibilities.
Phase-In of Energy-Efficient Lighting Briefing
Kevin Brosnahan, Supervisory Energy Technology Program Specialist, Office of Technology Advancement and Outreach, US DOE
October 20, 2010. An informative briefing on efforts planned and underway by a variety of key stakeholders to ensure the successful phase-in of efficient lighting.
Hosted by the Alliance to Save Energy and the National Electrical Manufacturers Association.
Led light bulbs for residences a substantial enhancement over older lightin...robertmay132
LED mild bulbs for residences are the newest technological rave. "LED" means "light-emitting diode," a semiconductor light resource that was learned to be a functional electrical element in 1962. The technologies has grown and matured given that the initial discovery and is also now emerging to be a mainstream substitute option for the 100+ year outdated incandescent bulb.
Hierarchical Digital Twin of a Naval Power SystemKerry Sado
A hierarchical digital twin of a Naval DC power system has been developed and experimentally verified. Similar to other state-of-the-art digital twins, this technology creates a digital replica of the physical system executed in real-time or faster, which can modify hardware controls. However, its advantage stems from distributing computational efforts by utilizing a hierarchical structure composed of lower-level digital twin blocks and a higher-level system digital twin. Each digital twin block is associated with a physical subsystem of the hardware and communicates with a singular system digital twin, which creates a system-level response. By extracting information from each level of the hierarchy, power system controls of the hardware were reconfigured autonomously. This hierarchical digital twin development offers several advantages over other digital twins, particularly in the field of naval power systems. The hierarchical structure allows for greater computational efficiency and scalability while the ability to autonomously reconfigure hardware controls offers increased flexibility and responsiveness. The hierarchical decomposition and models utilized were well aligned with the physical twin, as indicated by the maximum deviations between the developed digital twin hierarchy and the hardware.
Industrial Training at Shahjalal Fertilizer Company Limited (SFCL)MdTanvirMahtab2
This presentation is about the working procedure of Shahjalal Fertilizer Company Limited (SFCL). A Govt. owned Company of Bangladesh Chemical Industries Corporation under Ministry of Industries.
Saudi Arabia stands as a titan in the global energy landscape, renowned for its abundant oil and gas resources. It's the largest exporter of petroleum and holds some of the world's most significant reserves. Let's delve into the top 10 oil and gas projects shaping Saudi Arabia's energy future in 2024.
CFD Simulation of By-pass Flow in a HRSG module by R&R Consult.pptxR&R Consult
CFD analysis is incredibly effective at solving mysteries and improving the performance of complex systems!
Here's a great example: At a large natural gas-fired power plant, where they use waste heat to generate steam and energy, they were puzzled that their boiler wasn't producing as much steam as expected.
R&R and Tetra Engineering Group Inc. were asked to solve the issue with reduced steam production.
An inspection had shown that a significant amount of hot flue gas was bypassing the boiler tubes, where the heat was supposed to be transferred.
R&R Consult conducted a CFD analysis, which revealed that 6.3% of the flue gas was bypassing the boiler tubes without transferring heat. The analysis also showed that the flue gas was instead being directed along the sides of the boiler and between the modules that were supposed to capture the heat. This was the cause of the reduced performance.
Based on our results, Tetra Engineering installed covering plates to reduce the bypass flow. This improved the boiler's performance and increased electricity production.
It is always satisfying when we can help solve complex challenges like this. Do your systems also need a check-up or optimization? Give us a call!
Work done in cooperation with James Malloy and David Moelling from Tetra Engineering.
More examples of our work https://www.r-r-consult.dk/en/cases-en/
Hybrid optimization of pumped hydro system and solar- Engr. Abdul-Azeez.pdffxintegritypublishin
Advancements in technology unveil a myriad of electrical and electronic breakthroughs geared towards efficiently harnessing limited resources to meet human energy demands. The optimization of hybrid solar PV panels and pumped hydro energy supply systems plays a pivotal role in utilizing natural resources effectively. This initiative not only benefits humanity but also fosters environmental sustainability. The study investigated the design optimization of these hybrid systems, focusing on understanding solar radiation patterns, identifying geographical influences on solar radiation, formulating a mathematical model for system optimization, and determining the optimal configuration of PV panels and pumped hydro storage. Through a comparative analysis approach and eight weeks of data collection, the study addressed key research questions related to solar radiation patterns and optimal system design. The findings highlighted regions with heightened solar radiation levels, showcasing substantial potential for power generation and emphasizing the system's efficiency. Optimizing system design significantly boosted power generation, promoted renewable energy utilization, and enhanced energy storage capacity. The study underscored the benefits of optimizing hybrid solar PV panels and pumped hydro energy supply systems for sustainable energy usage. Optimizing the design of solar PV panels and pumped hydro energy supply systems as examined across diverse climatic conditions in a developing country, not only enhances power generation but also improves the integration of renewable energy sources and boosts energy storage capacities, particularly beneficial for less economically prosperous regions. Additionally, the study provides valuable insights for advancing energy research in economically viable areas. Recommendations included conducting site-specific assessments, utilizing advanced modeling tools, implementing regular maintenance protocols, and enhancing communication among system components.
Explore the innovative world of trenchless pipe repair with our comprehensive guide, "The Benefits and Techniques of Trenchless Pipe Repair." This document delves into the modern methods of repairing underground pipes without the need for extensive excavation, highlighting the numerous advantages and the latest techniques used in the industry.
Learn about the cost savings, reduced environmental impact, and minimal disruption associated with trenchless technology. Discover detailed explanations of popular techniques such as pipe bursting, cured-in-place pipe (CIPP) lining, and directional drilling. Understand how these methods can be applied to various types of infrastructure, from residential plumbing to large-scale municipal systems.
Ideal for homeowners, contractors, engineers, and anyone interested in modern plumbing solutions, this guide provides valuable insights into why trenchless pipe repair is becoming the preferred choice for pipe rehabilitation. Stay informed about the latest advancements and best practices in the field.
About
Indigenized remote control interface card suitable for MAFI system CCR equipment. Compatible for IDM8000 CCR. Backplane mounted serial and TCP/Ethernet communication module for CCR remote access. IDM 8000 CCR remote control on serial and TCP protocol.
• Remote control: Parallel or serial interface.
• Compatible with MAFI CCR system.
• Compatible with IDM8000 CCR.
• Compatible with Backplane mount serial communication.
• Compatible with commercial and Defence aviation CCR system.
• Remote control system for accessing CCR and allied system over serial or TCP.
• Indigenized local Support/presence in India.
• Easy in configuration using DIP switches.
Technical Specifications
Indigenized remote control interface card suitable for MAFI system CCR equipment. Compatible for IDM8000 CCR. Backplane mounted serial and TCP/Ethernet communication module for CCR remote access. IDM 8000 CCR remote control on serial and TCP protocol.
Key Features
Indigenized remote control interface card suitable for MAFI system CCR equipment. Compatible for IDM8000 CCR. Backplane mounted serial and TCP/Ethernet communication module for CCR remote access. IDM 8000 CCR remote control on serial and TCP protocol.
• Remote control: Parallel or serial interface
• Compatible with MAFI CCR system
• Copatiable with IDM8000 CCR
• Compatible with Backplane mount serial communication.
• Compatible with commercial and Defence aviation CCR system.
• Remote control system for accessing CCR and allied system over serial or TCP.
• Indigenized local Support/presence in India.
Application
• Remote control: Parallel or serial interface.
• Compatible with MAFI CCR system.
• Compatible with IDM8000 CCR.
• Compatible with Backplane mount serial communication.
• Compatible with commercial and Defence aviation CCR system.
• Remote control system for accessing CCR and allied system over serial or TCP.
• Indigenized local Support/presence in India.
• Easy in configuration using DIP switches.
2. Types of Lights
Energy conservation is becoming more and more of a concern. One solution is to use more
energy efficient bulbs at home, schools, businesses and public places. This document will
introduce key terms to use when talking about lighting as well as types of light bulbs in use.
Key Terms:
Watt (abbreviated W) is the unit corresponding to the rate of energy consumption (or power)
in an electric circuit needed in this case to light a light bulb.
Lumens are the unit describing the amount of light (energy) as seen by the human eye that is
given off by the light bulb.
Lux is defined as being equivalent to one lumen spread over an area of one square meter. To
put it another way, a measurement of lux (light intensity) tells you how many lumens are
needed for the area being illuminated.
Efficiency is the amount of light that comes out of a light bulb compared to the electrical
energy that goes into it. Energy efficient bulbs waste less energy in producing light than less
efficient bulbs. Efficiency is an output over an input.
Efficacy is related to the efficiency of the light bulb. It is also an output over an input. The
output is the lumens of light and the input in power in watts. So, the expression we use to
describe the efficacy of our light is “Lumens Per Watt” or lumens divided by watts. Keep in
mind, the bigger the efficacy, the more efficient the bulb.
Some bulbs make things they are illuminating look a different color than they really are. This
property is called Color Rendition. Generally, bulbs with good color rendition are used.
Color rendition can be measured by the Color Rendering Index1
(CRI), which is a scale
ranging from 0 (very poor color rendition) to 100 (nearly perfect color rendition). In cases of
extremely poor color rendition, that bulb’s CRI value can be negative. Incandescent bulbs are
defined to have perfect color rendition.
2
3. Types of Lights
Indoor Lighting
Some of the most common indoor light bulbs are incandescent bulbs, which look like a
traditional light bulb. Generally, the input for these bulbs is either 40W or 60W. But there are
other kinds of indoor light bulbs as well, such as CFLs and LEDs. Keep in mind that the
wattages listed for the CFLs and LEDs correspond to the 40W and 60W incandescent bulbs. This
means that for a lamp that takes a 40W incandescent, you could also use a 9W CFL or a 6W
LED. This will allow you to easily compare the bulbs to one another.
Incandescent Bulbs:
The incandescent light bulb has had the same design for over 100
years since Thomas Edison invented it! It produces light when a
thin wire called a tungsten filament is heated by electricity
running through it making it so hot that it starts to glow brightly.
This releases a lot of heat and the bulbs get hot to the touch,
meaning this bulb is very inefficient. Many countries, including
the United States, are currently passing legislation banning the
sale of these light bulbs because they are so inefficient.
CRI: 100
Wattage 40 60
Lumens 290 840
Compact Fluorescent Light Bulbs (CFL):
These spiraled light bulbs are far more efficient than the standard
incandescent bulb. Compact Fluorescent Light bulbs (CFLs) work
by running electricity through gas inside the coils, exciting that
gas, and producing light. There is a coating on the spirals, which
makes this light white. These bulbs do not get nearly as hot as the
incandescent bulbs.
CRI: 50-80
Wattage 9 13
Lumens 550 810
3
4. Types of Lights
Light Emitting Diode (LED):
Unlike incandescent and CFL bulbs, LED bulbs have
moved into the technological age. LEDs that produce white
light work in a rather complicated way, and their invention
won a Nobel Prize in Physics in 2014! While these are the
most efficient bulbs to date, they are not without problems.
Although the light they produce looks white, remember
that white light contains all the colors of the rainbow.
LEDs contain a lot of blue light, too much of which can
have negative effects on human health and wildlife.
CRI: 80-98
Wattage 6 9.5
Lumens 450 800
Outdoor Lighting
Outdoor lights are usually different from those bulbs used indoors because they need to be much
brighter and last longer. There are many different kinds of light bulbs used outdoors, and they
each have pros and cons.
Halogen Bulbs:
Halogen bulbs are often found in homes as spotlights or
floodlights, in cars as headlights, or at sports fields as
stadium lights. These bulbs work in a similar way to an
incandescent bulb by running electricity through a
tungsten filament. Unlike the incandescent, there is
halogen gas inside the bulb. When the tungsten burns off
the filament, the gas re-deposits it back onto the filament
to be reused. Halogen bulbs last much longer than
incandescent, but these bulbs are much brighter and burn
much hotter than traditional incandescent bulbs.
CRI: 100
Wattage 53 72 75
Lumens 940 1350 1500
4
5. Types of Lights
Metal Halide:
Metal halide lamps are commonly used in streetlights, parking
lot lights, and stadium lights. They are very bright and contribute
to a lot of light pollution. They are fairly efficient. They produce
very white light and have good color rendition, meaning that
objects under these lights look their true color.
CRI: 85-94
Wattage 250 400 1000
Lumens 22,000 36,000 110,000
High Pressure Sodium (HPS):
The high pressure sodium lamp (HPS) is the most
commonly used street light throughout the world.
It produces light by running electricity through a
mixture of gases, which produces light. The lamp
itself is preferred because it requires little
maintenance. These lamps are fairly efficient.
They take a while to turn on completely and
produce a yellow-orange glow.
CRI: 20-24
Wattage 150 250 400
Lumens 16,000 24,000 50,000
5
6. Types of Lights
Low Pressure Sodium (LPS):
The low pressure sodium (LPS) lamp works similarly to
the HPS light. Instead of producing white light (all the
colors of the rainbow), LPS lamps produce almost
exclusively yellow light. While this light is fairly efficient,
it takes several minutes for the bulb to turn on. The light is
very yellow-orange. This yellow light makes objects it is
illuminating look a different color or gray.
CRI: -44
Wattage 18 35 55
Lumens 1800 4550 7800
LED Street Lamps:
LED technologies have developed rapidly in
recent years and these bulbs are now being
integrated into outdoor lighting solutions. While
the energy savings are significant, LEDs produce
a lot of blue light, too much of which can have
negative effects on human health and wildlife.
CRI: 80-98
Wattage 25 42 146 202
Lumens 2772 3648 12,642 13,620
6
7. Types of Lights
Phosphor-Converted Amber (PCA) LED Street Lamps:
PCALEDs have only been on the market for
the past few years. They use very little
energy and have good color rendition, but
are still rather expensive. Some cities have
already installed these lights on their streets.
CRI: >80
Wattage 0.9 1.8
Lumens 140 77
Narrow-Band Amber (NBA) LED Street Lamps:
Narrow-band amber (NBA) LED street
lights are a brand new technology.
Rather than emitting all the colors of the
rainbow and a lot of blue light, they emit
mostly in the yellow. They still have
good color rendition, meaning that they
do not make things look grey like LPS
lamps do. Because this technology is so
new, these bulbs are not widely available
and as such, are still expensive. They are
very efficient.
CRI: 67
Wattage 16.4 20.6 42.3
Lumens 1147 1460 3311
7