The document discusses artificial lighting used for interior decoration. It defines artificial lighting as light produced by human-made sources like fire, candles, gas lamps, and electric lamps. Artificial light can be easily manipulated to achieve different lighting effects in a space. The sources of artificial lighting discussed include incandescent, fluorescent, and LED bulbs. Different types of early artificial lighting are also described, such as candles, oil lamps, kerosene lamps, gas lighting, and modern electric lighting.

1. ARTIFICIAL LIGHTING IN
INTERIOR
DECORATION
PRESENTED BY RADHIKA KALKAR
B.Sc. HOME SCIENCE FINAL YEAR

2. Definition
Artificial light is human-made and can emanate from sources
including fire, candlelight, gaslight, electric lamps and so on.
Today however, the term 'artificial lighting' generally refers to
lighting that emanates from electric lamps. The term ‘lamp’ refers
specifically to a light source, typically comprising a light-emitting
element contained within an outer container (bulb or tube) which
emits radiation within the visible spectrum.
Artificial light is generally easily manipulated to achieve the
required lighting outcome. The light can be increased or decreased,
directed, focused and coloured. This allows lighting to create a
range of effects according to the requirements of a space.

3. Sources of Artificial Light
Incandescent: The traditional bulb-type lamp with a glowing filament,
once commonly used in residential applications.
Fluorescent: Compact fluorescent lights (CFLs) are available in various
sizes and fittings and can be used in place of incandescent lamps without
changing light fixtures. They are generally more energy efficient than
incandescent bulbs. Some are dimmable and are compatible with other
lighting controls. CFLs come in globe, spiral, floodlight and reflector
variants.
Light-emitting diode (LED): Compared to incandescent lamps, they can
use around 75% less energy and can last 25 times longer although they
can be more expensive. They are generally highly regarded for their
comparable or better-quality light output compared to other lighting
types.

4. Types of Artificial Lighting
Candles
Oil Lamp
Kerosene Lamp
Gas Lighting
Electric Lighting

5. Candle
A candle is an
ignitable wick
embedded in wax, or
another flammable
solid substance such
as tallow, that
provides light, and in
some cases, a
fragrance. A candle
can also provide heat
or a method of
keeping time

6. Oil Lamp
An oil lamp is an object
used to produce light
continuously for a
period of time using an
oil-based fuel source.
Oil lamps are a form of
lighting, and were used
as an alternative to
candles before the use
of electric lights.
Sources of fuel for oil
lamps include a wide
variety of plants such as
nuts and seeds.

7. Kerosene
Lamp
A kerosene lamp is a type of
lighting device that uses
kerosene as a fuel. Kerosene
lamps have a wick or mantle
as light source, protected by a
glass chimney or globe; lamps
may be used on a table, or
hand-held lanterns may be
used for portable lighting.
Like oil lamps, they are useful
for lighting without electricity,
such as in regions without
rural electrification, in
electrified areas during power
outages, at campsites, and on
boats.

8. Gas
Lighting
Gas lighting is production
of artificial light from
combustion of a gaseous
fuel
The light is produced
either directly by the
flame, generally by using
special mixes of
illuminating gas to
increase brightness, or
indirectly with other
components such as the
gas mantle or the
limelight, with the gas
primarily functioning as a
fuel source.

9. Electric Lighting
It is the most
common form of
artificial lighting
and is essential to
modern society
It is the most
common form of
artificial lighting
and is essential to
modern society