understand and describe the working of domestic appliances

1. MECHANISM OF ELECTRIC
GEYSER

3. HISTORY
• IT WAS THE INVENTION OF AN ENGLISHMAN NAMED
BENJAMIN WADDY MAUGHAN WHO NAMED HIS
INVENTION AFTER THE WELL KNOWN ICELANDIC HOT
SPRING CALLED GEYSER.
• MAUGHAN IN TURN INFLUENCED THE WORK OF EDWIN
RUDD, A NORWEGIAN MECHANICAL ENGINEER. AND IT IS
HE WHO FOUNDED THE MODERN DAY ELECTRIC WATER
HEATER.

4. • MOST ELECTRIC WATER HEATERS USE ELECTRIC
RESISTANCE ELEMENTS TO HEAT THE WATER IN THE
STORAGE TANK USING TWO ELECTRIC RESISTANCE
ELEMENTS, WHICH ARE LOCATED AT THE BOTTOM AND
TOP OF THE STORAGE TANK. EACH ELEMENT IS
CONTROLLED BY AN INDEPENDENT THERMOSTAT.
• ELECTRIC HEATING ELEMENT IS USED TO HEAT UP
THE WATER STORED IN A STORAGE TANK.
• IN TWO ELEMENT TANKS THE LOWER ELEMENT PROVIDES
RECOVERY FROM STANDBY LOSSES AND THE UPPER
ELEMENT PROVIDES HEATING DURING PERIODS OF LARGE
HOT WATER USE. SOME RESISTANCE WATER HEATERS
BASIC INFORMATION

5. • GENERALLY, FROM 20 LTR TO 90 LTR
CAPACITY GEYSERS ARE FOUND IN THE MARKET.
• IN THE STORAGE TANK, ONE OR TWO HEATERS ARE FIXED.
• FOR SUPPLYING OF COLD OR HOT WATER, SPECIFIC PIPE
LINES ARE FITTED WITH THE STORAGE TANK.
BASIC INFORMATION

7. DIFFERENCE BETWEEN WATER
HEATER AND GEYSER
• IN A WAY, IT IS NOT MUCH DIFFERENT FROM A COMMON
IMMERSION ROD THAT WE CAN DIP INTO THE BUCKET,
PLUG INTO THE POWER SOCKET AND HAVE THE WATER
HEATED UP.
• THE ONLY DIFFERENCE IS THE LEVEL OF SOPHISTICATION
AND SLIGHT AUTOMATION IN THE GEYSER.

8. CONSTRUCTION OF ELECTRIC
GEYSER
• THE GEYSER CONSISTS OF A WATER TANK FITTED WITH TWO
PIPES – ONE FOR INLET OF COLD WATER AND THE OTHER FOR
OUTLET OF HOT WATER.
• THE WATER TANK IS FITTED WITH HEATING ELEMENTS WHICH
ARE CONTROLLED BY THERMOSTATS.
• THE THERMOSTATS ENSURE THAT WATER IS NOT HEATED
ABOVE A SET TEMPERATURE VALUE.
• THE TANK IS NORMALLY COVERED WITH SOME INSULATING
MATERIAL AND ENCLOSED INSIDE A METAL CASING.

9. PICTORIAL REPRESENTATION OF
ELECTRIC GEYSER

10. PRINCIPLE
• THE PRINCIPLE ON WHICH THE GEYSER WORKS IS SIMPLY THE
CONVERSION OF ELECTRICAL ENERGY INTO HEAT THROUGH
THE USE OF HEATING ELEMENTS TO RAISE THE TEMPERATURE
OF WATER THROUGH CONDUCTION OF THE HEAT TO THE
WATER.

11. HOW DOES IT WORKS
• AN ELECTRIC WATER HEATER WORKS ESSENTIALLY THE SAME
WAY AS A GAS WATER HEATER.
• IT BRINGS COLD WATER IN THROUGH THE DIP TUBE AND
HEATS IT USING THE ELECTRIC HEATING ELEMENTS INSIDE OF
THE TANK.
• THE HOT WATER RISES IN THE TANK AND IS MOVED
THROUGHOUT THE HOME THROUGH THE HEAT-OUT PIPE .
• A TYPICAL WATER HEATER WILL USE AROUND 4000 WATTS.
• THE AVERAGE USE OF HOT WATER IN A HOUSEHOLD IS
AROUND 45 GALLONS PER DAY, TO LOWER

12. • BOTH THE HEATING ELEMENTS DO NOT FUNCTION
SIMULTANEOUSLY.
• FIRST THE TOP HEATING ELEMENT FUNCTIONS UNTIL THE
UPPER TANK IS HOT AND THEN THE FUNCTION IS
TRANSFERRED TO THE BOTTOM HEATING ELEMENT, WHICH
HAS ITS OWN THERMOSTAT.
• THE THERMOSTAT IS MAINLY A BI-METALLIC DISC WITH
EACH METAL HAVING A DIFFERENT CO-EFFICIENT OF
EXPANSION FOR HEAT. SO, WHEN IT GETS HEATED UP, IT
HOW DOES IT WORKS

13. HOW DOES IT WORKS

14. THANK YOU
PALUVADI MUKUNDA
PRIYA
18031AA058