The document discusses different types of buildings based on occupancy and structure. It describes 8 types of buildings based on occupancy - residential, educational, institutional, assembly, business, mercantile, industrial, and storage. It also describes the two main structural types of buildings - load bearing and framed structure. Load bearing structures have load bearing walls and are used for buildings up to 3 stories tall. Framed structures have a rigid frame of columns and beams to support walls, slabs, and loads, allowing for greater heights.

1. AMIRAJ COLLEGE OF
ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY

2. Prepared by:-
Maru Hitesh (151080106011)
Nandpal Prashant (151080106012)
Anand Ojha (151080106013)

3.  Classification of types of buildings
 Different types of buidings
 Functions of buildings

4.  The various building components with their
desirable functions are important for
understanding what to construct & how to
construct.
 The buildings is classified in main 2types
I)Based upon occupancy
II)Based upon structure

5.  It is also define as purpose served building by
user.
 Here some type of buildings is given as follow
under.

6. 1)Residential building:-
 These are ment for dwelling purpose.
 Bunglows, flats, cottages, huts, hostels, chals
etc….

7. 2) Educational building:-
 These are meant for running schools , colleges
, training institution , libraries , univercity
etc…..

8. 3)Institutional building:-

9.  It means a building constructed by government
, semi-government organisations , public
sector , charitable trusts.
 It is utilized for public activities such as
education , medical , recreational and cultural ,
hostel , auditorium , orphans , etc…
 It is also used for treatment or care of person
suffering for physical or mental illness.

10. 4)Assembly building:-

11.  These building are meant for assembly a
large number of people for amusement ,
recreation , social , religion , civil and similar
purpose.
 Theaters , halls , auditoria , museums ,
gymnasiums , restaurants , temple , church ,
mosque , dance halls , club , art galaries etc…

12. 5)Business building:-

13.  These are meant for running business.
 For transactions , keeping of accounts and
records and similar purpose.
 Banks , city halls , court houses etc…

14. 6)Mercantile building:-
 They are used as shops , stores , markets , for
displaying and sale of merchandise either
wholesale or retail.

15. 7)Industrial building:-

16.  There are the buildings in which products or
materials of all kinds and properties are
fabricated , assembled or processed.
 They accommodate plants and machinery ,
refineries , power plants , dairies , saw mills ,
cleaning plants , pumping stations etc…

17. 8)Storage building:-

18.  These are used for storage or sheltering of
goods , water , vehicles etc…
 Water-houses , cold storage , godawns ,
freight depots , transit sheds , store houses ,
garages , hangers etc…

19.  According to structure there are two types of
buildings.
1)Load bearing structure
2)Framed structure

20. 1)Load bearing structure:-

21.  It has load bearing walls which receives the
load and transmit the same to the ground
through their foundation.
 The load bearing walls supports R.C.C beams
and slabs.
 Colums are avoided.
 20 , 30 , 40 cm thick walls are load bearing
walls.
 Load bearing structure adopted for the
buildings up to 3 storey construction.

22.  It is provided where soil starta is hardat
shallow depth.
 The walls on all the floors are provided one
above the another.
 Thickness of walls can be reduce on first floor
compare to ground floor.
 As the construction activity proceeds vertically
floor by floor the thickness of the wall
reduces.

23. 2)Framed structure:-

24.  It consists a rigidly connected network of
columns and beams.
 The beams support the walls and slabs.
 The columns receives the whole load of the
structure and transmit the same to the ground
through footings.
 These provide greater floor area.
 The walls are partition (non load bearing)
walls.
 In this construction work of various floors
handled simultaneously.

25.  Speed in construction of a framed structure
can be easyily achieved.
 On upper floor air circulation is better.
 On higher floor noise of abutting streets and
traffic is curtailed.
 It is adopted for low and high rise buildings.
 To keep resistance tovarious loads specially
of earthquake , the columns are tie up with
each other by plinth beams.