Transposition cipher
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This document discusses transposition ciphers, which is a method of encryption where the positions of plaintext units are shifted according to a regular system to produce the ciphertext. The order of units is changed by using a bijective function on the characters' positions to encrypt and an inverse function to decrypt. Some common transposition ciphers mentioned include the rail fence cipher, route cipher, columnar transposition, double transposition, and Myszkowski transposition. Cryptanalysis techniques for transposition ciphers involve analyzing letter frequencies and determining the number of columns. One-time pads are also briefly discussed, which use random bit strings for encryption but have limitations such as requiring the key to be securely transported.
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Transposition Cipher
1) The document discusses various transposition ciphers including the rail fence cipher, route cipher, simple columnar transposition, and double transposition cipher. It explains how each cipher works through encrypting and decrypting sample messages.
2) Detection methods for transposition ciphers are also covered, such as frequency analysis and finding anagrams in the ciphertext. Simpler transposition ciphers can be vulnerable to these kinds of cryptanalysis techniques.
3) Genetic algorithms are mentioned as a way for cryptanalysts to find the most likely decryption key through probability calculations.
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Introduction to Cryptography
If you are implementing a secure environment and you do not implement encryption you
will not have a secure environment. You can implement routers, firewalls, intrusion
detection, virus protection, policies and procedures, but if there is no encryption you will
not have a secure environment.
Encryption is fundamental to a secure information environment. Passing data around a
system and over the network in a clear text form is very insecure. Systems and
communication lines can be monitored by unscrupulous individuals who make valuable
information vulnerable to viewing or modification. Encryption in a secure information
infrastructure is implemented at various levels in the architecture and in various
components. This is consistent with the idea of security in depth. Encryption technologies
are included as part of many products; applications, operating systems, network devices.
How (and if) the encryption technology is used is dependent on the organization and its
users.
Cryptography is the science of disguising messages. Disguising a readable message is
called encryption. Translating the disguised message back to a readable form is called
decryption.
Encryption has been used for centuries to disguise messages from adversaries. The
Romans used encryption in their military operations to protect sensitive messages. The
Germans during World War 2 used the enigma machine to encrypt messages about
military secrets so the allies would not be aware of strategy and tactics.
Nowadays in addition to protecting government secrets there are many uses for
encryption technology in commercial applications. The need to protect medical, financial
records or company trade secrets are a few of the areas that encryption is used.
Terminology
Cryptography is a field loaded with terminology, acronyms and concepts. Many of the
concepts are rooted in mathematics and computer science. Following are some common
terms you should become familiar with for understanding encryption.
Cryptosystem – A cryptosystem encrypts and decrypts messages allowing only
people (or processes) that possess the correct keys to read the messages.
Cryptography – The science of designing, developing and using cryptosystems.
Cryptanalysis – The science of breaking a cryptosystem, so that the content of
messages is no longer hidden.
Cryptology – The study of cryptography and cryptanalysis.
Cipher – another term used to describe an encryption or decryption algorithm.
Types of Encryption Technology
There are several technologies, tools and techniques we will be discussing that fall under
the category of encryption.
Encryption algorithms fall into two broad categories; symmetric and asymmetric
encryption. Let’s first look at the components that make up a symmetric encryption
system or symmetric crypt.
Cryptography
This document presents an overview of cryptography including its definition, history, basic terms, classifications, techniques, advantages, disadvantages, and applications. Cryptography is defined as the art and science of achieving security by encoding messages. The earliest evidence of cryptography dates back 4000 years to ancient Egypt. Techniques covered include symmetric and asymmetric encryption, transposition ciphers, substitution ciphers, block ciphers, stream ciphers, hashing, and steganography. Advantages of cryptography include confidentiality, authentication, data integrity, and non-repudiation, while disadvantages include reduced accessibility and inability to ensure high availability. Cryptography has applications in defense, e-commerce, business transactions, internet payments, user identification, and data security.
Cryptography - An Overview
I presented this overview lecture at Computer Applications for the 21st century – Synergies and Vistas organized by Vidyasagar College, Kolkata in 2008
Enhancing security of caesar cipher using different
Abstract Cryptography is an art and science of converting original message into non readable form. There are two techniques for converting data into no readable form:1)Transposition technique 2)Substitution technique. Caesar cipher is an example of substitution method. As Caesar cipher has various limitations so this talk will present a perspective on combination of techniques substitution and transposition. In this paper I have focused on the well known classical techniques the aim was to induce some strength to these classical encryption for that purpose I blended classical encryption with the some more techniques. my proposed method showed that it is better in terms of providing more security to any given text message. In our experiments I took Caesaer Ciphers as representatives of Classical Techniques. To make it more secure I have used some techniques like I have used multiple level Row Transposition Ciphers, encryption with same key at each level and encryption with different key at each level. Keywords— substitution, transposition, cryptography, Caesar cipher
Cyber security
This document provides an overview of cryptography topics including:
- Introduction to cryptography, cryptanalysis, and cryptology. Cryptography involves encoding messages, cryptanalysis involves decoding without the key, and cryptology is the combination.
- Substitution techniques like the Caesar cipher which shifts letters and mono-alphabetic ciphers with random substitution.
- Transposition techniques like rail fence cipher which writes the text across multiple "rails" and columnar transposition which writes in rows and reads out columns.
- Symmetric cryptography uses the same key for encryption and decryption while asymmetric uses different keys.
Enhancing security of caesar cipher using different
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology.
Cryptography using python
THESE SLIDES COVER THE BASIC CRYPTO ALGORITHMS . IT HELPS YOU UNDERSTAND THE MATH BEHIND IT.
THANK YOU!!!
Cryptography using probability
This document discusses the use of probability in cryptography. It begins with introductions to cryptography and probability. Key probability terms and concepts like events, sample spaces, and Markov models are defined. Public key cryptography using Fermat's Little Theorem is explained. Applications of probability in cryptography are explored, including checksums and the birthday problem, pseudo-random number generators, and code breaking using the Metropolis-Hastings algorithm. The document concludes that probability and cryptography are important fields that help secure communications and protect society from cyber attacks.
Classic Cryptography
This document provides an overview of classic cryptography techniques, including transposition ciphers like the rail fence cipher and route cipher, substitution ciphers like the Atbash and Pigpen ciphers, and other techniques like the Caesar cipher, affine cipher, Morse code, and dancing men cipher. Transposition ciphers rearrange the order of plaintext units but leave the units unchanged, while substitution ciphers replace plaintext units with different ciphertext units according to a fixed system.
Cryptography (Revised Edition)
An introductory presentation on cryptography. From ancient ciphers to modern public key encryption, it follows the evolution of a science and how it affects society.
Transposition cipher techniques
Here are the solutions to the questions:
Q1. Rail Fence Cipher for "Networking" using 2 lines:
Nkttn
eorwige
Ciphertext: Nkttnorwige
Q2. Single columnar transposition for "COMPUTERSCIENCE" using keyword "ORANGE":
C O M P U T
E R S C I E N
C E
Ciphertext: COEMNPUSTIERC
Q3. Single columnar transposition for "COMPUTERSCIENCE" using keyword "PINEAPPLE":
C O M P U T
E R S C I E N
C E
Ciphertext
Cryptography and applications
This document provides an overview of cryptography and its applications. It discusses the history of cryptography beginning in ancient Egypt. It defines basic cryptography terminology like plaintext, ciphertext, cipher, key, encryption, decryption, cryptography, and cryptanalysis. It describes classical ciphers like the Caesar cipher and substitution ciphers. It also discusses cryptanalysis techniques, transposition ciphers, modern symmetric ciphers, public key cryptography including RSA, key distribution methods, and hybrid encryption.
Symmetric and asymmetric key cryptography
The document discusses symmetric and asymmetric key cryptography. It begins with an introduction to cryptography and its objectives of confidentiality, integrity, authentication and non-repudiation. It then explains the differences between symmetric and asymmetric cryptosystems. Symmetric cryptosystems involve a shared key between sender and receiver, while asymmetric cryptosystems use public and private key pairs. Examples of traditional symmetric ciphers like simple substitution and transposition ciphers are provided. The document also outlines the RSA algorithm as an example of asymmetric cryptography and discusses some limitations of both symmetric and asymmetric approaches.
622 Crypto Presentattion.pptx
Cryptography is the science of using mathematics to encrypt and decrypt data. There are several encryption algorithms that can be used, including the Caesar cipher which involves shifting each letter by a set number of places in the alphabet. Cryptanalysis techniques like brute force attacks try every possible key to decrypt a ciphertext into readable plaintext. Symmetric encryption uses a shared secret key to encrypt and decrypt messages between two parties.
substitution and transposition techniques_ppt.pptx
The document presents a web-based application for encrypting messages using substitution and transposition techniques like the Caesar cipher, Playfair cipher, rail fence transposition, and simple columnar transposition. The application aims to securely transmit sensitive information over the internet by making encryption accessible without specialized cryptography knowledge. It explains each encryption technique with examples, and concludes that combining multiple ciphers in the system ensures confidentiality and makes encrypted messages difficult to crack without the key.
Cryptography
The document discusses various topics in cryptography including symmetric and asymmetric encryption algorithms. Symmetric algorithms like DES use a shared key for encryption and decryption while asymmetric algorithms like RSA use public-private key pairs. Digital signatures can be generated by encrypting a document hash with a private key and verified using the corresponding public key. Cryptography ensures security goals like confidentiality, integrity, authentication and non-repudiation of digital communications.
Cryptography CET 2.pptx
In cryptography, a Caesar cipher, also known as Caesar's cipher, the shift cipher, Caesar's code or Caesar shift, is one of the simplest and most widely known encryption techniques. It is a type of substitution cipher in which each letter in the plaintext is replaced by a letter some fixed number of positions down the alphabet. For example, with a left shift of 3, D would be replaced by A, E would become B, and so on. The method is named after Julius Caesar, who used it in his private correspondence.[1]
The encryption step performed by a Caesar cipher is often incorporated as part of more complex schemes, such as the Vigenère cipher, and still has modern application in the ROT13 system. As with all single-alphabet substitution ciphers, the Caesar cipher is easily broken and in modern practice offers essentially no communications security.
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Caesar Cipher , Substitution Cipher, PlayFair and Vigenere Cipher
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Transposition cipher
- 1. TranspositionTransposition CipherCipher A . Antony Alex MCA Dr G R D College of Science – CBE Tamil Nadu - India
- 3. In cryptography, a TRANSPOSITION CIPHER is a method of encryption by which the positions held by units of plaintext are shifted according to a regular system, soshifted according to a regular system, so that the ciphertext constitutes a permutation of the plaintext.
- 4. The order of the units is changed. Mathematically a bijective function is used on the characters' positions to encrypt and an inverse function to decrypt.and an inverse function to decrypt.
- 5. Most Common GameMost Common Game -- AnagramAnagram TSPSH ALSIS EASAM GIMEE THIS IS A SAMPLE MESSAGE
- 6. Rail Fence cipher Route cipher Columnar transpositionColumnar transposition Double transposition Myszkowski transposition
- 7. Rail Fence cipherRail Fence cipher
- 9. Columnar transpositionColumnar transposition ZEBRAS "6 3 2 4 1 5“ EVLNA CDTES EAROF ODEEC WIREE
- 10. Double transpositionDouble transposition STRIPE "564231“ CAEEN SOIAE DRLEF WEDRE EVTOC
- 11. Myszkowski transpositionMyszkowski transposition TOMATO 532164 TOMATO 432143 ROFOA CDTED SEEEA CWEIV RLENE
- 12. Break Columnar TranspositionBreak Columnar Transposition CipherCipher Cryptanalyst must be aware that he is dealing with cipher Frequency of E,T,A,O,I,N, etcFrequency of E,T,A,O,I,N, etc No of Columns Suspect Assumption
- 13. OneOne--Time PadsTime Pads Random Bit String Converting plain text to bit String ◦ Converting plant text into its ASCII Representation • EXCLUSIVE OR of two string DisadvantageDisadvantage • Key cannot be memorized – written • The amount of data is limited to key available • Sensitivity Can de advantage in computers Using storage devices along with huge data for key transporting.