This document discusses various topics related to transportation planning. It includes sections on traffic flow characteristics, accident studies, traffic volume studies, speed studies, frequently asked questions, functions, methodology, origin-destination studies, and parking studies. The methodology section outlines the process of transportation planning which includes inventories, trip generation, trip distribution, modal split, traffic assignment, and plan preparation and evaluation. Other topics covered in detail include trip generation and distribution models, origin-destination studies methods, causes of accidents, factors affecting traffic capacity, and types of speed studies.

1. TRANSPORTATION
PLANNING

2. TORSHA DATTA CHOUDHURI-110
TOUSIF JAMAN-111
TUHIN MAJUMDAR-112
TULIKA BARMAN-113
VED PRAKASH MANDAL-114
MENTORED BY
PROF. SUMIT NARAYAN BOSE
TECHNO INDIA COLLEGE OF
TECHNOLOGY
CIVIL ENGINEERING
28/04/2016
TRANSPORTATION PLANNING

3.  TRAFFIC FLOW
CHARACTERISTIC
 ACCIDENT STUDY
 TRAFFIC VOLUME STIDIES
 SPEED STUDY
 FAQS
 FUNCTIONS
 METHODOLOGY
 ORIGIN-DESTINATION
STUDIES
 PARKING STUDIES
OVERVIEW

4. FAQS ON TRANSPORTATION PLANNING
What is urban
transportation
planning?
Why are
highways so
important?
What is the
future of urban
transportation
planning?
Image source-www.pinterest.com

5. FUNCTIONS OF URBAN TRANSPORTATION
PLANNING
1. To define
transportation
planning
2.To identify highway
system component
3. To forecast traffic
volume after a
certain number of
years
4. To recall the
purpose and process
of construction
planning design
5. To identify the
mode choice
behavior of
commuters

6. METHODOLOGY
INVENTORIES
TRIP
GENERATION
TRIP
DISTRIBUTION
MODAL SPLIT
TRAFFIC
ASSIGNMENT
PLAN
PREPARATION
AND
EVALUATION

7. TRIP GENERATION & DISTRIBUTION
The relationships between trips generated and the
relevant variables are expressed as mathematical
equations, generally in a linear form.
For example,
the model could take the following form:
Tij = a0 + a1Z1j + a2Z2 j +L+ anZnj
The Gravity Model is as follows
Tij=
GiAjFij
𝑗=1
𝑛 AiFij

8. The function used to
estimate the total utility
provided by a mode option -
Um = bm+ 𝑎𝑗 𝑧 𝑚𝑗+e
Modal split
Image source-EMBARQ

9. ORIGIN-DESTINATION STUDIES

10. METHODS OF ORIGIN AND DESTINATION
STUDIES
Road side interview method Return postcard method
Tag on car method Home interview method Work spot interview method
Image source- hits_training.com, www.pbase.com, www.pinterest.com, wikipedia.org, www.wahm.com, www.dumblittleman.com

11. TYPICAL DESIRE LINE MAP AND ROUTE
VOLUME MAP
Desire line
map
Route
Volume map
Image source-www.urbanohio.com, www.globalsecurity.org

12. Parking is one of the major
problems that is created by the
increasing road traffic. It is an
impact of transport development.
The availability of less space in
urban areas has increased the
demand for parking space
especially in areas like Central
business district. This affects the
mode choice also. Parking also has
a great economical impact.
PARKING STUDIES
www.urbancapture.com

13. OBJECTIVE OF PARKING STUDIES
Parking studies are used to evaluate the
facilities available like
• Parking demand-The parking demand varies during
the day and reaches a peak value during heavy
parking demand time
• Parking characteristics – It refers to the practices
prevalent in the area under consideration, mainly
whether the vehicles are parked on street or off street
• Parking space inventory- the area under study is
surveyed and kerb parking and off street parking
facilities are plotted on a map

14. PARKING SYSTEM
• Parallel parking
• 30 parking
• 45 parking
• 60 parking
• Right angle parking
On street parking
• Mechanical car parking
• Multistory car parking
• Roof car parking
• Surface car parking
• Underground parking
Off street parking
www.wikipedia.org, www.urbancapture.org, www.pinterest.com

15. ACCIDENT STUDIES
The problem of accidents in India is acute due to complex flow pattern
of vehicular traffic along with pedestrians
Objectives of accident studies
• To evaluate existing design,
regulation and control measures
• To study the causes of accident and
suggest corrective treatment
• To support proposed changes in
design in the particular zone
• To carry out ‘before and after’
studies after implementing changes

16. CAUSES OF ACCIDENTS
Road user Vehicle
Road and
its condition
Traffic
Road
design

17. ACCIDENT STUDIES & TYPICAL COLLISION
DIAGRAM
Collection of accident
data
Preparation of accident
report
Preparation of local file
Preparation of diagrams
showing type of
collisions
Application of data
collected for prevention
of accidents in the future
Image source-ntl.bts.gov

18. TRAFFIC VOLUME & DENSITY
TRAFFIC VOLUME(Q)
• Number of vehicles
passing a particular
point during unit time.
• Vehicles/hr
• Measured in daily
volumes(ADT/AADT)
or Hourly volumes
TRAFFIC DENSITY(K)
• Number of vehicles
occupying a unit
length of road at any
instant.
• Vehicles/km
• K=
𝑄
𝑉 𝑠
(Vs free mean
speed)

19. TRAFFIC CAPACITY
Traffic volume-actual rate of flow
Traffic capacity- maximum rate of flow
Types of
capacity :
Basic
capacity
Possible
capacity
Practical
capacity

20. Passenger car unit is an
equivalence factor use to
convert the flow of different
vehicle classes into one
standard vehicle known as
passenger car.
Passenger car unit (PCU)

21. FACTOR AFFECTING TRAFFIC CAPACITY
Lane width
Lateral
clearance
Width of
shoulders
Alignment
Presence of
intersections
Road
geometrics

22. SPEED STUDIES
Speed studies are the studies which are carried out to know the
general trends in speeds of different vehicles over a particular route
depending on various factors
Classified into
two groups:
Spot speed
study
Speed and
delay study

23. SPOT SPEED STUDIES
The instantaneous speed of a vehicle at a point or cross section
is known as spot speed
Space mean speed
• Average speed of
vehicles in a certain road
length at any time
Time mean speed
• Average of
instantaneous speeds of
observed vehicles at the
spot

24. PRESENTATION OF SPOT SPEED DATA
Speed
distribution table
Frequency
distribution
diagram
Cumulative
speed
distribution
diagram

25. SPEED DELAY STUDIES
Floating
curve
method
License
plate
method
Interview
method

26. Conclusion

27. We would like to express our gratitude to the following people-
Professor Sumit Narayan Bose
Dr Indranil Mukherjee,
And the entire Faculty of Department of Civil Engineering, Techno India College of
Technology
Acknowledgement

28. REFERENCES
1. Road accidents in India, 2009.
2. V F Babkov. Road Condition and traffic safety. MIR Publishers, Moscow, 2019.
3. J Stannard Baker. Traffic Accident Investigation Manual. The traffic Institute Northwestern University,
2019.
4. Milan Batista. On the mutual coefficient of restitution in two car collinear collisions, 2006.
5. S K Khanna C E G Justo. Highway Engineering. Nem Chand and Bros, Roorkee, 2001.
6. K W Ogden, S Y Taylor. Traffic Engineering, and Australia. Management. Monash
University. Melbourne. Traffic Engineering and Management. Monash University Melbourne,
Australia, 2019. Louis J Pignataro. Traffic Engineering. USA, 2019
7. Highway Engineering by S.K.Khanna and C.E.G.Justo (NemChand and Bros.)
8. Highway engineering by Martin Roger
www.nptel.ac.in
www.wikipedia.org
www.in.pinterest.com