Transfer of learning refers to carrying over thinking habits, knowledge, skills, and attitudes from one learning situation to another. There are three types of transfer: positive transfer occurs when learning one subject facilitates learning another; negative transfer is when learning one subject interferes with learning another; and zero transfer means learning one subject neither helps nor hinders learning another. Theories of transfer include the theory of formal discipline which holds that mental faculties are sharpened by exercise, the theory of identical elements which says transfer depends on similarities between situations, and the theory of generalization which is that skills must be systematized and related to other situations to transfer.

1. Mumthaz PP

2. The process of carrying
over habits of thinking,
knowledge, skills and
attitudes from one
learning situation to
another is called transfer
of learning.
What is transfer of learning?

4. 1 POSITIVE TRANSFER
If the learning of one subject is or activity
facilitate the learning of another subject or
activity , it is called positive transfer.

5. 2
If the learning of one subject or activity
interferes with the learning of another
subject or activities called negative transfer.
NEGATIVE TRANSFER

6. 3 ZERO TRANSFER
If the learning of one subject or activity
neither facilitate nor interferes with the
learning of another subject or activity, it is
called zero transfer.

8. 1
THEORIES OF FORMAL
DISCIPLINE
According to this theory mind is composed of a number
of independent facilities like memory, attention,
imagination, reasoning etc. These facilities can be
sharpened by exercise. Therefore, educational practice
emphasized the necessity of developing the faculties of
mind by vigorous mental exercise.

9. 2
THEORY OF IDENTICAL
ELEMENTS
This theory was put forward by Thorndike.
According to this theory transfer takes place
one situation to another to extent that there
are identical elements in the two situations.

10. 3
THEORY OF
GENERALISATION
This theory was developed by Charls Judd. According to
him development of special skills, mastery of specific fact
achieving of particular habits or attitude in one situation
have little transfer value unless the skills, facts, habits are
systematized and related to other situations in which they
can be utilized.

11. Mumthaz PP
Keyi Sahib Training College