This document discusses various types of marine pollution including oil pollution, eutrophication, conservative pollutants such as metals and halogenated hydrocarbons, thermal pollution, radioactive pollution, and litter and plastic pollution. It outlines sources of each type of pollution and their impacts on the marine environment such as oil spills harming ecosystems, nutrients from eutrophication causing algal blooms, metals and plastics bioaccumulating in marine organisms and entering the food chain, and litter entangling and being ingested by animals. The conclusion states that education on marine pollution through awareness, research, and dissemination is key to reducing pollution in oceans.
Oil spill (Causes, Control and Prevention)Nitish Prasad
Presentation on Oil Spill presented during my 8th Semester at Department of Petroleum Engineering, Dibrugarh University Institute of Engineering and Technology.
Oil spill (Causes, Control and Prevention)Nitish Prasad
Presentation on Oil Spill presented during my 8th Semester at Department of Petroleum Engineering, Dibrugarh University Institute of Engineering and Technology.
The oceans are enormous in their size, volume and depth.
Animal life in the sea is very varied and more diversified in terms shape, size, form and weight-right from microscopic plankton to the giant whale.
Marine pollution is the introduction by man, directly or indirectly, of substances or energy into the marine environment (including estuaries), resulting in such deleterious effects as; harm to living resources: hazards to human health
Waves are never ending dynamic surfaces created by the action of wind on ocean surfaces. Waves are undulations of the surface layers of bodies of sea waters. Large bodies of water are almost constantly in motion. Ocean surface are never calm and smooth.They are uneven, irregular, rough and restless. Sea waves are defined as undulations of seawater characterized by unique features. Waves are moving energy patterns. They travel along the interface between ocean and the atmosphere.
The oceans are enormous in their size, volume and depth.
Animal life in the sea is very varied and more diversified in terms shape, size, form and weight-right from microscopic plankton to the giant whale.
Marine pollution is the introduction by man, directly or indirectly, of substances or energy into the marine environment (including estuaries), resulting in such deleterious effects as; harm to living resources: hazards to human health
Waves are never ending dynamic surfaces created by the action of wind on ocean surfaces. Waves are undulations of the surface layers of bodies of sea waters. Large bodies of water are almost constantly in motion. Ocean surface are never calm and smooth.They are uneven, irregular, rough and restless. Sea waves are defined as undulations of seawater characterized by unique features. Waves are moving energy patterns. They travel along the interface between ocean and the atmosphere.
Marine pollution, its impact on marine life and remedial measures against wat...MD. JAKIR HOSEN
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This powerpoint presentation deals with the types of coastal/marine pollution, its causes and sources, coastal pollution in the world, coastal pollution in India, causes of coastal pollution in India and its impacts.
Marine pollution is the introduction by man, directly or indirectly, of substances or energy into the marine environment (including estuaries), resulting in such deleterious effects as: harm to living resources; hazards to human health; hindrance to marine activities including fishing; impairing the quality for use of sea water and reduction of amenities
Definition Cause, effects and control measures of :- a. Air pollution b. Water pollution c. Soil pollution d. Marine pollution e. Noise
pollution f. Thermal pollution g. Nuclear hazards Solid waste Management : Causes, effects and control measures of urban and industrial
wastes. Role of an individual in prevention of pollution. Pollution case studies.
Ocean Pollution Essay
Everything in this world we use comes from the ocean in some way. The air we breathe, the water we drink, even the products we use day to day, would not be possible without the ocean. That s why the issue of ocean pollution is so important and needs to be addressed as soon as possible. We depend on the ocean for so much in our life, without it we would surely become extinct. People seem to think that since the ocean is so large and vast, we can dump as much waste as we d like into it and it will never have an effect on us. However, since we ve been polluting the ocean as far back as Roman times, the evidence of ocean pollution becoming a major problem is all too clear.
There are many different ways the ocean can become polluted....show more content...Fishnets improperly discarded into the ocean can also cause major issues, tangling into unsuspecting mammals and fish. According to the Marin Academy s Oceanography website, there are over 46,000 pieces of plastic floating in each square mile of ocean off the Northeast coast of the United States, which contributes to the death of 100,000 marine mammals and two millions sea birds yearly.
A way you wouldn t expect pollution to be caused is by noise. The pressure from the sounds omitted by ships, sonar devices, oil rigs, and earthquakes can disrupt communication, hunting, migration, and reproduction patterns from many marine animals like whales and dolphins. This can throw the whole system off balance. Air pollution can also cause ocean pollution by being absorbed into the water and contaminating it, and vice versa. Ocean pollution can eventually cause air pollution. Dirt can also spill into waterways from top soil or silt from fields or construction sites, causing endangerment to fish and wildlife habitats.
Out of all of these ways, oil spills can cause a noticeably excessive amount of damage to the ocean. Although only 12% of the oil entering the sea is caused by spills, they can deteriorate ocean life and environment more than any other pollution. One gallon of used oil spilled into the ocean, which contains toxic chemicals and heavy metals severely dangerous to the micro organism at the base of the food chain, can cause an eight acre layer
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4. MARINE POLLUTION
Definition: The introduction by man of substances or energy into the
marine environment , which results in harm to marine life, hazards to
human health, hindrance to marine activities , including fishing and
other legitimate use of sea impairment of quality for use of sea water
and reduction of amenities.(WHO).
5. Sources of Pollution
Land based sources
⃝Agricultural run-off
⃝Municipal and industrial
waste
Sea based sources
⃝Oceanic dumping
⃝Offshore oil spills
6. TYPES OF POLLUION
SHORT TERM-eg. an oil spill, the effects of which diminish with time
LONG TERM-eg. nutrient input, effluent discharge
7. TYPES OF POLLUTION
Oil(petroleum hydrocarbons)
Eutrophication
Conservative
Thermal
Radiation
Litter and plastic debris
Metals
Halogenated
Hydrocarbons
9. Oil pollution is mostly used to describe marine oil spills ,
where oil is released into the ocean or coastal waters.
Oil spills are due to the following:
crude oil from tankers offshore platforms
drilling rigs and wells
spills of refined petroleum product(such as gasoline, diesel)
spill of any oil refuse or waste oil
11. Eutrophication
‘The enrichment of water by
nutrients especially nitrogen
&/or phosphorous , causing
an accelerated growth of
algae and higher forms of
plant life to produce an
undesirable disturbance to
the balance of organisms
present in the water and to
the quality of water
concerned’
15. Impact
conservative pollutants -metals
An example of mercury pollution in minamato,bay japan(1953-1960)
Shell fishes contaminated with mercury , people who consumed shellfish severally
affected.
16. Conservative pollutants
Halogenated hydrocarbons
Sources:
Aerial transport
Aerial spraying of pesticides as Aerosols-travel great distances
Fresh water inputs
Rain washing of pesticides carried into seas by rivers
Silt from flood
Direct inputs
By industrial out falls especially by pesticide manufacturing
companies
17. Impacts-conservative pollutants-
halogenated hydrocarbons
Low solubility in water persist for long durations
Fat-soluble , so incorporated into the tissue of marine organisms and
sediments.
Lethal to the animal .
Possibility of transmission through food webs – established in a
number of animals.
18. Thermal pollution
Thermal pollution is the degradation of water quality by
any process that changes ambient water temperature
Outfall from qurrayah power plant Saudi Arabia
19. RADIOACTIVE POLLUTION
Sources
Weapon testing-testing of
nuclear weapons-when
exploded under water release
fission products and isotopes
Liquid wastes-discharge from
the cooling water of nuclear
reactors
Solid wastes-dumping of radio
active wastes in sea(now no
longer practiced)
20. Radioactive pollution impacts
Possibility of bioaccumulation – especially in algae and bivalves
eg. Porphyra near a nuclear power plant location had 10 times
more caesium-137 than in the surrounding waters
22. Litter and plastics
pollution
Marine litter is human
created waste that has
deliberately or
accidentally become
afloat in the sea or ocean.
It tends to accumulate at
the center of gyres and on
coastlines, frequently
washing around, when it
is known as beach litter or
tide wrack
23. Litter and plastics pollution impacts
Many animals that live on or in the sea consume by mistake, as it
often looks similar to their natural prey
Blocks the passage of food and causing death through starvation or
infection.
Tiny floating particles also resemble zooplankton, which can lead
filter feeders to consume them and cause them to enter the ocean food
chain.
24. Plastics impact
Victim: This turtle has had its shelf constricted by a piece of plastic waste found
in the great garbage patch - a part of the northern Pacific Ocean
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25. Scientists on Kamilo Beach
in Hawaii have discovered
a new type of “rock” that
will stay in the Earth’s
strata forever.
The rock is made out of
plastic rubbish and other
MATERIALS, and has been
dubbed Plastiglomerate.
26. • the most important strategy for
reducing marine pollution is education
–Awareness
–Research
–Dissemination
CONCLUSION