Touch screen technology allows users to interact directly with digital devices by touching images or words on a display screen. There are several types of touch screen technologies including resistive, capacitive, surface acoustic wave, and infrared. Touch screens are now widely used in devices like smartphones, tablets, public kiosks and point-of-sale systems due to their simplicity and intuitiveness compared to traditional input methods like keyboards and mice.
A touch screen is a computer display screen that is sensitive to human touch, allowing a user to interact with the computer by touching pictures or words on the screen.
In 1971, the first "Touch Sensor" was developed by Doctor Sam Hurst (founder of Elographics) while he was an instructor at the University of Kentucky.
A touch screen is a computer display screen that is sensitive to human touch, allowing a user to interact with the computer by touching pictures or words on the screen.
In 1971, the first "Touch Sensor" was developed by Doctor Sam Hurst (founder of Elographics) while he was an instructor at the University of Kentucky.
Explains about touch screen sensor and its operation with the controller, types of touch sensor and its differentiation, advantages & disadvantages and its applications in day today life.
Study of Various Touch Screen TechnologiesSantosh Ankam
Study of different types of touch screen technologies, their history, advantages, disadvantages, working, functionalities, comparison, examples, components, hardware, explanations, future scope, pro and cons.
A touchscreen is an electronic visual display that the user can control through simple or multi-touch gestures by touching the screen with a special stylus/pen and-or one or more fingers.
Water scarcity is the lack of fresh water resources to meet the standard water demand. There are two type of water scarcity. One is physical. The other is economic water scarcity.
Hierarchical Digital Twin of a Naval Power SystemKerry Sado
A hierarchical digital twin of a Naval DC power system has been developed and experimentally verified. Similar to other state-of-the-art digital twins, this technology creates a digital replica of the physical system executed in real-time or faster, which can modify hardware controls. However, its advantage stems from distributing computational efforts by utilizing a hierarchical structure composed of lower-level digital twin blocks and a higher-level system digital twin. Each digital twin block is associated with a physical subsystem of the hardware and communicates with a singular system digital twin, which creates a system-level response. By extracting information from each level of the hierarchy, power system controls of the hardware were reconfigured autonomously. This hierarchical digital twin development offers several advantages over other digital twins, particularly in the field of naval power systems. The hierarchical structure allows for greater computational efficiency and scalability while the ability to autonomously reconfigure hardware controls offers increased flexibility and responsiveness. The hierarchical decomposition and models utilized were well aligned with the physical twin, as indicated by the maximum deviations between the developed digital twin hierarchy and the hardware.
Final project report on grocery store management system..pdfKamal Acharya
In today’s fast-changing business environment, it’s extremely important to be able to respond to client needs in the most effective and timely manner. If your customers wish to see your business online and have instant access to your products or services.
Online Grocery Store is an e-commerce website, which retails various grocery products. This project allows viewing various products available enables registered users to purchase desired products instantly using Paytm, UPI payment processor (Instant Pay) and also can place order by using Cash on Delivery (Pay Later) option. This project provides an easy access to Administrators and Managers to view orders placed using Pay Later and Instant Pay options.
In order to develop an e-commerce website, a number of Technologies must be studied and understood. These include multi-tiered architecture, server and client-side scripting techniques, implementation technologies, programming language (such as PHP, HTML, CSS, JavaScript) and MySQL relational databases. This is a project with the objective to develop a basic website where a consumer is provided with a shopping cart website and also to know about the technologies used to develop such a website.
This document will discuss each of the underlying technologies to create and implement an e- commerce website.
Immunizing Image Classifiers Against Localized Adversary Attacksgerogepatton
This paper addresses the vulnerability of deep learning models, particularly convolutional neural networks
(CNN)s, to adversarial attacks and presents a proactive training technique designed to counter them. We
introduce a novel volumization algorithm, which transforms 2D images into 3D volumetric representations.
When combined with 3D convolution and deep curriculum learning optimization (CLO), itsignificantly improves
the immunity of models against localized universal attacks by up to 40%. We evaluate our proposed approach
using contemporary CNN architectures and the modified Canadian Institute for Advanced Research (CIFAR-10
and CIFAR-100) and ImageNet Large Scale Visual Recognition Challenge (ILSVRC12) datasets, showcasing
accuracy improvements over previous techniques. The results indicate that the combination of the volumetric
input and curriculum learning holds significant promise for mitigating adversarial attacks without necessitating
adversary training.
2. TALK FLOW
INTRODUCTION
HISTORY
FUNCTIONS OF TOUCH SCREEN TECHNOLOGY
COMPONENTS OF TOUCH SCREEN TECHNOLOGY
WORKING OF TOUCH SCREEN TECHNOLOGY
DIFFERENT TOUCH SCREEN TECHNOLOGY
ADVANTAGES
DISADVANTAGES
APPLICATION
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
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3. INTRODUCTION
A touch screen is a computer display screen that is sensitive to
human touch ,allowing a user to interact with the computer by
touching picture or word on the screen.
The display screen has a sensitive glass placed on it and we could
the desired input by touching it.
A touch screen is based on CRT (cathode ray tube ) technology,
that accepts direct on screen input. 3
5. HISTORY
The first touch screen was a capacitive
touch screen ,invented by E.A.Johnson
in the UK around 1965 the inventor
Initially developed this technology for Air
traffic control. then more fully along with
photographs and diagrams in an article
published in 1967.
In 1971 the first touch sensor was developed by doctor Sam
Hurst while he was an instructor at the university of Kentucky.
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6. 6
The university of Kentucky research foundation named it as
‘ Elograph’.
The Elograph was not transparent like modern touch screens.
In 1974 the first true touch screen incorporating a transparent
Surface came.
7. 7
THE FIRST TOUCH PHONE
Apple was the first with a touch
screen phone in 1983. Jason Ford
of Elo Touch Systems, the company
whose founder invented touch
screen technology, for providing the
touch technology. In 1971, the first
"touch sensor" was developed by
Doctor Sam Hurst.
8. 8
FIRST TOUCH MOBILE
The Nokia 7710 is a first touch screen
mobile phone model produced
by Nokia. The 7710 is based on
the Nokia 7700 which was never
released. It is Nokia's first, and so
far only smart phone to run
the Series 90 GUI a top the Symbian
OS.
9. FUNCTIONS OF TOUCH SCREEN
Pressure sensitive activation by finger or stylus.
Emulates mouse functions click, double click , and drag.
Touch screen and mouse can be used currently.
Durable and scratch resistant coated surface.
Compatible with windows 95,98,NT,2000,XP,linex
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10. COMPONENTS OF TOUCH
SCREEN TECHNOGIES
A basic touch screen has three main components
Touch sensor
controller
Software driver
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11. TOUCH SENSOR
A touch screen sensor is a clear glass panel with a
touch Responsive surface.
The touch sensor/panel is placed over a display screen
so that the responsive area of the panel covers the
viewable area of the video screen.
The sensor generally has an electrical current or signal
through it and touching the screen causes a voltage
or signal change.
This voltage is used to determine the location of the
touch to the screen. 11
13. CONTROLLER
The controller is a small PC card that connects between
the touch sensor and the PC.
It takes information from the touch sensor and
translates it into information that PC can understand.
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14. SOFTWARE DRIVER
The driver is a software update for the PC system that
allows the touch screen and computer to work together.
It tells the computer’s operating system how to interpret
the touch event information that is sent from the
controller.
Most touch screen drivers today are a mouse emulation
type driver . this makes touching the screen the same as
clicking your mouse at the same location on the screen.
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19. RESISTIVE TOUCHSCREEN
TECHNOLOGY
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The resistive touch screen uses a glass panel with a uniform
conductive ITO (Indium Tin oxide) coating on the side surface.
A PET film is tightly suspended over the ITO coating surface of a
glass panel.
When the screen is touched ,it pushes the conductive ITO coating
on the PET Film. that results the electrical contact, producing the
voltages. it presents the position touched.
21. ADVANTAGES OF
RESISTIVE TOUCHSCREEN TECHNOLOGY
Can be activated with any device
Low cost solution
Low power consumption
DISADVANTAGES OF
RESISTIVE TOUCHSCREEN TECHNOLOGY
Poorer durability compared to other technologies.
Very short life, especially considering cosmetic wear.
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22. 22
CAPACITIVE TOUCH SCREEN
TECHNOLOGY
Capacitive touch screen technology is a four multi layer glass.
Small amount of voltage is applied to the electrodes on the four
corners.
A human body is an electric conductor, so when touched the screen
with a fringer,a slight amount of current is drawn.
The Capacitive, a layer that stores electrical charge is placed on the
glass panel of the monitor. When a user touches the monitor with his
or her finger, some of the charge is transferred to the user, so the
charge on the capacitive layer decreases.
This decrease is measured in circuit located at each corner of the
monitor. The computer calculates, from the relative differences in
charge at each corner, exactly where the touch event took place and
then relays that information to the touch-screen driver software.
24. ADVANTAGES OF
CAPACITIVE TOUCH SCREEN TECHNOLOGY
More durable than resistive.
Higher transmittance than resistive.
DISADVANTAGES OF
CAPACITIVE TOUCH SCREENTECHNOLOGY
Accepts input from finger only.
Accuracy is dependent on capacitance of person.
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25. SURFACE WAVE
TOUCH SCREEN TECHNOLOGY
On the pure glass substrate, there are four
piezoelectric transmitting and receiving transducers on
the three corners for Both the x and y axes.
The SAW controller sends a 5 MHz electrical signal to
the x axis and y axis transmitting transducers.
When the touch screen is touched, the finger absorb a
portion of the wave passing across the surface of the
panel.
SAW can be used in any and all application for the best
possible Image clarity an unlimited life. 25
27. ADVANTAGES
Very high transmittance.
Very high durability.
Disadvantages
Requires soft input device.
Surface obstructions can cause a false touch.
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28. INFRARED
TOUCH SCREEN TECHNOLOGY
IR makes use of a ‘frame’ around the perimeter of the
display. On two sides there are closely spaced IR LEDs
and on the opposing two sides there are matching photo
transistor.
The LEDs are turned on in sequence and the signal is read
from the matching transistor. if no signal is read, then
that indicates a blocked IR beam, meaning a touch.
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30. ADVANTAGES
Highest quality of underlying image.
Very high transmittance.
Very high durability and reliability.
DISADVANTAGES
Lower resolution than other technologies.
Surface obstructions can cause a false touch.
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32. APPLICATION
Public access
Mobile phones
Library resources guides
Computers
Public transportation schedules / status
Airport terminal passenger internet and email system
Automated travel and entertainment ticket dispensers
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33. BUSINESS
Gas station
Points of sales
Restaurants
Grocery stores
Hospital and hostel directories
Banks and financial reporting
Bank cash advance and teller machines
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34. CONCLUSION
Designers are trying to use touch screen to simply input
commands for largely unsophisticated computer users.
Today, a larger share of population is pc literate, yet the
touch screen has become adopted by computer users of all
abilities because it is Simple, fast ,and innovative.
In future there is no usage of mouse and keyboard as
they will be replaced by touch screen.
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