A touchscreen is an electronic visual display that the user can control through simple or multi-touch gestures by touching the screen with a special stylus/pen and-or one or more fingers.

1. TOUCH SCREEN

2. CONTENTS
• Introduction
• History
• Components
• Various technologies and Working
• Applications
• Advantages
• Disadvantages
• Conclusion

3. INTRODUCTION
In recent time one of the most important inventions is
"touch screen" technology. Today most of the people like
to use touch screen devices because it helps them to make
a quick and accurate interaction with the content.
The touch screen is an electronic visual display that
can detect the presence and location of a touch with in
the display area.
Now day touch-screen is utilized on various devices such
as game consoles, tablet computers and smart phones.

4. HISTORY
Touch screens emerged from academic and corporate
research labs.
In 1971, the first "touch sensor" was developed by Doctor
Sam Hurst (founder of Elographics) while he was an
instructor at the University of Kentucky.
In1974, the first true touch screen incorporating a
transparent surface was developed by Sam Hurst and
Elographics.

5. COMPONENTS
A basic touch screen has three main
components
• Touch sensor
• Controller
• Software driver

6. TOUCH SENSOR
A touch screen sensor is a
clear glass panel with a
touch responsive area.
The touch sensor is
placed over a display
screen so that the
responsive area of the
panel covers the viewable
area of the screen.

7. CONTROLLER
A printed circuit board (PCB) that is the interface between
the sensor and the display. The controller takes information
from the touch sensor and translates it into information a
computer can understand.

8. SOFTWARE DRIVER
A computer program that allows the computer operating
system and the controller to communicate and helps the
controller recognize input.

9. 1 Polyester Film
2 Upper Resistive Circuit Layer
3 Conductive ITO (Transparent Metal Coating)
4 Lower Resistive Circuit Layer
5 Insulating Dots
6 Glass/Acrylic Substrate
7 Touching the overlay surface causes
the Upper resistive Circuit Layer to
contact the Lower Resistive Circuit Layer,
producing a circuit switch from the
activated area.
8 The touch controller gets the alternating
voltages between the two circuit layers
and converting them into the digital X and
Y coordinates of the activated area.

10. TECHNOLOGIES
• Resistive
• Capacitive
• Infrared
• Surface acoustic wave (SAW)
• Optical imaging

11. RESISTIVE
It is the most commonly used
touch screen. Resistive screens
are composed of various
layers. There are two layers,
which have a small gap in
between and when you apply
pressure to the screen a
contact is created by the top
layer and touching the bottom
layer.

12. CAPACITIVE
As the name describe the type
of this touch screen. A thin
capacitor or electronically
charge sheet is placed on the
glass. In response to the
finger touch some of the
charge from the capacitive
layer shifts to the finger and
sending the information to the
touch controller.

13. INFRARED
It works with small infra red
LED’s mounted around the
outer edges of the glass
front and basically divides
the surface of the screen
into small squares, pressing
with your finger or any object
on the screen interrupt an
infrared beam vertical and
horizontal. The system
detects what rays have been
interrupted, thus knows
where we hold and act on
consequences.

14. SURFACE ACOUSTIC WAVE
These are the most
sensitive of the touch
screens as it works by
sending an ultrasonic
wave across the screen,
when the screen is
touched the ultrasonic
beam is altered and the
information is sent to the
touch controller.

15. OPTICAL IMAGING
Optical imaging uses two or more
sensors around the corner edges of
the screen coupled with infrared back
lights.
The lighting, placed in the field of a
camera’s view of the other side of the
screen, sense a touch when a
shadow appears.
The camera’s triangulate the touch to
locate its location.

16. APPLICATIONS
• Library resource guides
• Aerospace
• ATM’s
• Restaurants
• Road transport
• Industrial process control
• Gaming machines in public areas
• Museums

17. ADVANTAGES
• Touch screen gadgets usually have simple user
interfaces.
• Big screen is ideal for web browsing, picture and movies.
• Touch screen monitors are made out of glass or
something similar, so it is easier to clean than a regular
monitor.
• For people new or uncomfortable with normal desktops,
touch screen are easy to use helping more people get
used to using computers.

18. DISADVANTAGES
• The screen has to be big enough to be able to touch the
buttons with out missing.
• The big screen leads to low battery life.
• Screen get very dirty because of constant touching with
oily or sweaty fingers.
• They usually cost more than ordinary devices.

19. CONCLUSION
In my view touch screen which reduces human efforts.
Touch screen are fastest pointing devices and have easier
hand eye coordination than mouse or key boards. In future
there is no usage of mouse and keyboards as they will be
replaced by touch screen.

20. THANK YOU