Malignant thyroid tumors is not as common as benign swellings of thyroid. However, you have to rule out the possibility of malignancy in all thyroid swellings.
Carcinoma of breast is the second common killer disease in women after carcinoma of cervix in developing countries like India whereas it is the number one killer in western world. It can also run in families associated with BRCA1 & BRCA2 genes. Early diagnosis is almost curative and that is why they are doing mass screening like mammogram to pick up this cancer early.
Inguinal Hernia is the commonest problem in General surgery. All medical students should know everything about this common problem. In this ppt presentation I have covered all the details regarding Inguinal hernia thoroughly.
Liver is a unique organ with dual blood supply. Pyogenic, Amebic and Hydatid liver abscesses are common. Benign neoplasms like Hepatic hemangiomas, Hepatic adenomas and Focal nodular hyperplasia are common in females. Hepatoma is common in males.
Femoral hernia is the third common hernia after inguinal and incisional hernias. The swelling in femoral hernia is below and lateral to pubic tubercle. It is more common in females. Strangulation is very common in this hernia.
Achalasia cardia is the cause for dysphagia for liquids to begin with and then it will progress to dysphagia to solids as well.The cause for this problem is inadequate relaxation of lower esophageal sphincter. It is directly opposite to GERD where there will be lax lower esophageal sphincter
Ventral hernia is protrusion of peritoneal sac through anterior abdominal wall defects except Groin hernias. In this presentation I have discussed Epigastric, Umbilical, Para umbilical, Incisional, Spigelian and Lumbar hernias.
Dear Viewers,
Greetings from “ Surgical Educator”
Today I have uploaded a video on one of the congenital causes for obstructive jaundice- Biliary Atresia. In this episode, I am discussing about the etiology, types, clinical features, investigations, treatment and surgical outcome of Biliary Atresia. I hope you will enjoy the video. You can watch all my surgical teaching video casts in the following link: surgicaleducator.blogspot.com.
Carcinoma esophagus is the common cause for dysphagia for solids. These patients usually present too late to do any definitive curative surgical procedure.
Today I have uploaded a video on one more cause for Obstructive Jaundice- Pancreatic Carcinoma. Only cancer in head of pancreas cause Obstructive Jaundice. I have talked about cancer in body and tail of pancreas as well. I have discussed the risk factors, pathology, clinical features, investigations, treatment and complications of pancreatic carcinoma. I have included a mind map and two algorithms. I hope you will enjoy this video. You can watch all my surgical teaching video casts in the following link.
Surgicaleducator.blogspot.com
Thank you for your support.
In this ppt I have discussed the different causes for obstructive jaundice, anatomy of biliary tract, physiology of jaundice, labs in obstructive jaundice and an algorithm to diagnose obstructive jaundice.
Carcinoma of breast is the second common killer disease in women after carcinoma of cervix in developing countries like India whereas it is the number one killer in western world. It can also run in families associated with BRCA1 & BRCA2 genes. Early diagnosis is almost curative and that is why they are doing mass screening like mammogram to pick up this cancer early.
Inguinal Hernia is the commonest problem in General surgery. All medical students should know everything about this common problem. In this ppt presentation I have covered all the details regarding Inguinal hernia thoroughly.
Liver is a unique organ with dual blood supply. Pyogenic, Amebic and Hydatid liver abscesses are common. Benign neoplasms like Hepatic hemangiomas, Hepatic adenomas and Focal nodular hyperplasia are common in females. Hepatoma is common in males.
Femoral hernia is the third common hernia after inguinal and incisional hernias. The swelling in femoral hernia is below and lateral to pubic tubercle. It is more common in females. Strangulation is very common in this hernia.
Achalasia cardia is the cause for dysphagia for liquids to begin with and then it will progress to dysphagia to solids as well.The cause for this problem is inadequate relaxation of lower esophageal sphincter. It is directly opposite to GERD where there will be lax lower esophageal sphincter
Ventral hernia is protrusion of peritoneal sac through anterior abdominal wall defects except Groin hernias. In this presentation I have discussed Epigastric, Umbilical, Para umbilical, Incisional, Spigelian and Lumbar hernias.
Dear Viewers,
Greetings from “ Surgical Educator”
Today I have uploaded a video on one of the congenital causes for obstructive jaundice- Biliary Atresia. In this episode, I am discussing about the etiology, types, clinical features, investigations, treatment and surgical outcome of Biliary Atresia. I hope you will enjoy the video. You can watch all my surgical teaching video casts in the following link: surgicaleducator.blogspot.com.
Carcinoma esophagus is the common cause for dysphagia for solids. These patients usually present too late to do any definitive curative surgical procedure.
Today I have uploaded a video on one more cause for Obstructive Jaundice- Pancreatic Carcinoma. Only cancer in head of pancreas cause Obstructive Jaundice. I have talked about cancer in body and tail of pancreas as well. I have discussed the risk factors, pathology, clinical features, investigations, treatment and complications of pancreatic carcinoma. I have included a mind map and two algorithms. I hope you will enjoy this video. You can watch all my surgical teaching video casts in the following link.
Surgicaleducator.blogspot.com
Thank you for your support.
In this ppt I have discussed the different causes for obstructive jaundice, anatomy of biliary tract, physiology of jaundice, labs in obstructive jaundice and an algorithm to diagnose obstructive jaundice.
Choledocholithiasis is one of the main causes for Obstructive Jaundice.In this ppt presentation, I have discussed the etiology, clinical features, complications, investigations and management of Choledocholithiasis. I have also included a mindmap and 2 algorithms for Choledocholithiasis. I hope you will find it very useful and interesting.
GERD is the commonest GI problem afflicting the mankind. The cause is lax LES which is just opposite to Achalasia cadia. That is why GERD is also known as Chalasia cardia.
DIVERTICULAR DISEASE- Lower GI Hemorrhage
Dear Viewers,
Greetings from “Surgical Educator”
Today I have uploaded one of the common causes of Lower GI Hemorrhage- Diverticular Disease. I have talked on the Etiopathogenesis, Clinical types,clinical features,investigations,complications and management. I have also included a mindmap and a management algorithm. I hope you will enjoy the video. You can watch the video in the following links:
Youtube.com/c/surgicaleducator
Surgicaleducator.blogspot.com
Thank you for watching the video.
Osteoarthritis lecture from Rheumatology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Egypt.
Disclaimer : not my slide. Just uploading for my personal use..
the anatomy as a basic science, the importance to know its definition and related terminology to be familiar with others of the medical team. including body position, anatomical planes terms of direction and movements
the field of anatomy includes studding the body systems, the related cavities of certain systems
the skeletal system ; its classification according to structure and shape
function o
the f bone
In this presentation I am talking about the overview of So-Hum meditation- the universal mantra.
I have discussed the meaning, how to do it, it's advantages and an advanced visualisation technique.
This is a small handbook on individual surgical disease and its management . I have discussed about Acute Appendicitis and then step by step I explain both open and laparoscopic appendicectomy in this book.
The operative surgery part is very useful for surgical trainees.
POWER OF YOUTUBE IN MEDICAL EDUCATION- Surgical Educator Channel
#powerofyoutube #surgicaleducator #babysurgeon #usmle
Website Link: www.surgicaleducator.com
Dear viewers,
• Greetings from “Surgical Educator’
• In this episode, I am talking about the Power of YouTube in medical education
• I will be discussing the various benefits of using YouTube in medical education. YouTube is definitely revolutionize the way in which we are teaching our students.
• You can enjoy all my videos in the following links:
•
/ surgicaleducator surgicaleducator.com
• Thank you for watching the video.
All my videos are problem-based, because patients are coming to us with problems and not with a diagnosis.
• I have made modules for each surgical problem which consists of
many of my YouTube videos and my PPT slides
• I request you all to watch all the videos in a playlist together, so
that you will become confident in dealing with these problems.
• Links to the Playlists based on the Surgical Problems:
• Module 1: Scrotal Swellings:
https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list...
uXwt0JH0YG8m4JmzgAli9jj
https://www.slideshare.net/babysurgeo...
• Module 2: Groin Swellings:
https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list...
uVaDboG_ddw2S6xInNnB80D
https://www.slideshare.net/babysurgeo...
• Module 3: Abdominal Pain:
https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list...
uUcXb96A3tFpTrWOVa2F7j1
https://www.slideshare.net/babysurgeo...
case-based-learning-82091549
• Module 4: Abdominal Lumps:
https://youtube.com/playlist?list=PLx...
uWBKVnBkhdE4XkW-xEoiIwB
• Module 5: Obstructive Jaundice:
https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list...
uX6MsQnsCTGl8YDFN1TYiQm
https://www.slideshare.net/babysurgeo...
127314632
• Module 6: Upper GI Hemorrhage:
https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list...
uUtV67AdUQYEUKdhX9vL576
https://www.slideshare.net/babysurgeo...
227888333
• Module 7: Lower GI Hemorrhage:
https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list...
https://www.slideshare.net/babysurgeo...
• Module 8: Thyroid Pathologies:
https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list...
uWg55odQfB_7JT0NYIP8ELp
https://www.slideshare.net/babysurgeo...
benign-diseases-and-carcinoma-thyroid
• Module 9: Breast Pathologies:
https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list...
uVTLcGtam1kFBzjY4NAf7MZ
https://www.slideshare.net/babysurgeo...
diseases-and-carcinoma-breast
• Module 10: Peripheral Arterial Diseases:
https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list...
6VIbQR4g8MdOi0z
https://www.slideshare.net/babysurgeo...
106254612
• Module 11: Venous Diseases:
https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list...
uVf1aYodgILbxVpC-fkdqNo
https://www.slideshare.net/babysurgeo...
127314847
• Module 12: Dysphagia:
https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list...
4DlU1Lp
# Dear Viewers/Friends/Colleagues,
# Greetings from Surgical Educator YouTube channel
# I am sharing an E-book where you can find out the hyperlinks for all my surgery teaching videos and their PPTs
# In this E-book you will learn the purpose of my YouTube channel Surgical Educator, core clinical problems you should master, how to utilize the channel effectively, statistics and analytics for the channel, all the teaching modules with hyperlinks to all my teaching videos and their PPTs and other learning resources created by me like the android app for the channel and other E-books.
In this presentation, I discussed the various liver swellings- both cystic and solid swellings. Cystic lumps are Pyogenic liver abscess, Amebic liver abscess and hydatid cyst. Benign solid swellings are Hepatic adenoma, Focal nodular hyperplasia and Hemangioma. The malignant solid swelings are secondary carcinoma of the liver, primary Hepatocellular carcinoma and Hepatoblastoma.
In this presentation, I have shown how to do open anterior resection both high and low varieties in a step-by-step manner with clear pictures as if reading an atlas of operative surgery.
The surgical causes for jaundice in children- both in neonates and infants- are Biliary atresia, Choledochal cyst, Biliary hypoplasia, Inspissated bile syndrome, and spontaneous perforation of CBD. How to Diagnose & Treat all these causes.
I am sharing a 10 paged e-book that consists of the hyperlinks to all my surgery teaching videos and to all the PPTs used for these videos from SlideShare. You can watch these videos problem based and can become competent to deal with it. You can read this to cover the whole undergraduate curriculum.
In this presentation I discussed 5 scrotal swellings case scenarios with my MBBS students. I have shared these case scenarios prior to the PBL class and asked the students to come prepared to the class. In the class i tested the knowledge gaind by the students by watching my didactic YouTube videos on the subject by asking so many questions. So this online class was highly interactive based on flip class model.
7. PPaappiillllaarryy TThhyyrrooiidd ttuummoouurr
MMaaccrroossccooppiicc ccllaassssiiffiiccaattiioonn
IInnttrraatthhyyrrooiiddaall EExxttrraatthhyyrrooiiddaall
< 1 cm with no
Invasion through
Thyroid capsule
> 1 cm with no
Invasion through
Thyroid capsule
Locally advanced
withInvasion
through
Thyroid capsule
MMiinniimmaall oorr
OOccccuulltt
18. MMeedduullllaarryy CCaa
Female : Male :: 1.5 : 1 .
AAccccoouunnttss ffoorr 1155 ttoo 200 %% ooff aallll TThhyyrrooiidd CCaa
Mean age at presentation – 50 to 60 yrs.
Can occur in four clinical settings:
1. Sporadic - ~ 70 % cases,usually unilateral
2. Familial - ~ 30 % ,cases,usually Bilateral
As Familial
medullary
thyroid cancer
As part of
Multiple endocrine
neoplasia
type IIa
As part of
Multiple endocrine
neoplasia
type IIb
19. MMeedduullllaarryy CCaa
Pathology –
1.
Usually occurs in upper poles,
2. Originates
from Parafollicular C cells..
Microscopic – Why called Medullary ?
Sheets of Spindle shaped neoplastic cells
with AMYLOID [Altered Calcitonin] in
between. Cells Stains for
Calcitonin,CEA,Serotonin,VIP
Spreads to LN Initially ~ 75 %.
++
20. MMeedduullllaarryy tthhyyrrooiidd ccaarrcciinnoommaa
A, Cellular specimen staining positively
for calcitonin with immunoperoxidase.
(x100.)
B, Loosely cohesive fragments of
spindle-shaped cells;
amyloid is present
as amorphous blue material intimately
associated with neoplastic cells.
(Papanicolaou; x400.)
26. RReeccuurrrreenntt TThhyyrrooiidd CCaanncceerr
Approximately 10% to 30% of patients after initial
treatment
80% recur with disease in the neck
20% with Distant RReeccuurrrreennnnccee.
Most common site of distant metastasis is the
lung.
Median time of Recurrence ~ 2.6 yrs
Prognosis for clinically detectable recurrences is
generally poor, regardless of cell type.
Local and regional recurrences detected by I131
scan and not clinically apparent and have an
excellent prognosis
28. CClliinniiccaall PPrreesseennttaattiioonn
UUssuuaall PPrreesseennttaattiioonn
-- AA lluummpp iinn tthhee nneecckk
-- PPaaiinn iinn tthhee nneecckk
-- HHooaarrsseenneessss
-- TTrroouubbllee sswwaalllloowwiinngg
-- BBrreeaatthhiinngg pprroobblleemmss
UUssuuaall PPrreesseennttaattiioonn
- Follicular Ca - ~1 % as Hyperthyroidism
- Medullary Ca - ~ 2 – 4 % as Cushing Syn
. Hypertension, Diarrhea
- Papillary – as LATERAL ABERRANT THYROID
29. CClliinniiccaall DDiiaaggnnoossiiss ooff CCaa
> Symptoms of
hyperthyroidism
or hypothyroidism
> Pain or tenderness
associated with a
nodule
> Soft, smooth,
mobile nodule
> Multinodular
> Age less than 20
> Age greater than 70
> Male gender
> New onset of swallowing
Difficulties or hoarseness
> History of external neck
irradiation during childhood
> Firm, irregular and
fixed nodule
> Presence of cervical
lymphadenopathy
SSuussppiicciioonn ooff aa BBeenniiggnn nnoodduullee SSuussppiicciioonn ooff aa MMaalliiggnnaanntt nnoodduullee
BBiiooppssyy iiss tthhee oonnllyy wwaayy ttoo ccoonnffiirrmm