The Use Of Audio Visual Aids For The Development Of Students Learning Skills At Primary Level by Faiza Aziz and Nadia Thalho

1. Title:
THE USE OF AV AIDS TOOLS FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF STUDENTS
LEARNING SKILLS AT PRIMARY LEVEL
Submitted By:
Faiza Abdul Aziz
Supervised
Ms. Nadia Thalho
Lecturer/Instructor
GECE (W) Hyderabad
Coordinator :
MS. NADIA THALHO
Lecturers
Academic Year 2020-2021
GOVERNMENT ELEMENTARY COLLEGE OF DUCATION (W) HYDERABAD

2. Table of Contents
CERTIFICATE.....................................................................................................................ii
Acknowledgement...........................................................................................................iii
Abstract.......................................................................................................................... iv
1:Background of the study................................................................................................ 1
1.2 Objectives of the study............................................................................................ 1
1.3 Statement of the problem........................................................................................ 1
1.4 Research Question ..................................................................................................1
1.5 Significance of the study.......................................................................................... 2
1.6 Delimitation of the study......................................................................................... 2
2. REVIEW OF THE LITERATURE.......................................................................................... 2
3. Research Methodology..................................................................................................4
3.1 Research Approach..................................................................................................4
3.2 Research Design of the present studywell define in a Actionsin a Research Cycle ......4
3.3 Data Collection........................................................................................................4
3.4 Instrument /Tools Used In Research.........................................................................5
3.5 Research Framework:.............................................................................................. 5
3.6 Target Population of the Study:................................................................................ 5
3.7 Sampling method of the Study:................................................................................ 5
3.8 Sample Size............................................................................................................. 5
4.data collection............................................................................................................... 5
4.1 Action 1: Report on Reconnaissance Collecting and Managing Data Analysis of Cycle:.5
4.2 Action 2: Interview of Teacher(Thematic analysis)..................................................... 6
4.2.1 DISCUSSION ON THEMES................................................................................... 6
4.3 Action 3: Pre Observation (Checklist):.......................................................................7
4.3.1 Findings of Pre-checklist.................................................................................... 7
4.4 Action 4: Delivered Lesson Plans usingAV aids.......................................................... 7
4.5 Action 5: Post Observation(checklist)........................................................................8
5.Discussion and Conclusion.............................................................................................. 8
5.1 Recommendation........................................................................................................9
6. Refrences................................................................................................................... 11
Appendix A................................................................................................................. 12
Consent letter................................................................................................................ 12
Appendix B..................................................................................................................... 13
Interview Question For Teachers..................................................................................... 13
Of PC (U/S) attached with GECE w Hyderabad.................................................................. 13
Time Span........................................................................................................................ 1

3. ii
CERTIFICATE
This is to certify that Ms. Faiza Abdul Aziz has conducted this
Action Research Project entitled “The use of AV aids Tools for
the Development of students learning skills at primary level
”, during the academic year 2020-2021, under the supervision
of Ms. Nadia Thalho in partial fulfillment for the degree of
B.Ed. (Hons).
RESEARCH SUPERVISOR
Nadia Thalho
Lecturer/Instructor
GECE (W) Hyderabad
PRINCIPAL
GECE (W) Hyderabad

4. iii
Acknowledgement
First of all, I am grateful to Allah Almighty and His
Prophet Muhammad (Peace Be upon Him) who provided me strength and health to
complete my Action Research. I also must acknowledge those people who encouraged
and supported me during my research study
For the ancestors who paved the path before me upon whose shoulder I stand.
This is also dedicated to my family and the many friends who
Supported me on this journey
Thank you
I would like to express my deepest gratitude to my co-coordinator and Supervisor Ms
Nadia Thalho also thankful of Research Team, for support, collegiality, and
mentorship, Assistance and supervision show me the way which is highly appreciated.
Finally, I wish to thanks to my family for their patience and support.
(Faiza Abdul Aziz )

5. iv
Abstract
In the era of modern teaching new dimension has been added in the existing methods
and techniques, with the development of technology, new innovation are being
brought up in the teaching. Now a day’s teachers are using different Audio Visual
aids to facilitate the teaching process. Along with text books, teachers are likely to use
related pictures, audio clips, videos, power point slides, posters and so on in
classroom. The purpose of audio visual aids is to support a message, most commonly,
a presentation of information, to a group of people. Visual aids are important because
we all have different ways of learning and processing new information. Simply
hearing information is not enough for most people to retain it, Visual aids provide
another avenue to receive and retain information. The study aimed is to identify using
AV aids as a tool for the development of students learning skills. A qualitative
method has been followed to collect the data of this research. It has been found that
the use of AV aids assist both the teacher and the learners in teaching and learning
skills. Finding of this research is to find out the reason of the lack of Audio Visual
aids in school and why it is not being used, and how to overcome all of these lack of
resources and give information and the use of audio visual aids.
Key word: Audio Visual aid, Development, Learning. Tools.

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1: Background of the study
Education is necessary for everyone. Education is very important, without education
no one can lead a good life. Learning is important element in education. The teacher
use different methods and material to teach their students and their effective learning.
With the passage of time, different methods and techniques are entered in the field of
education and teacher use different kinds of aids to make effective teaching. Teaching
aids help the teachers to explain the concepts easily. Audio Visual aids those
instructional aids in the classroom to encourage teaching learning process.
The Audio Visual aids derived from three words Audio means to hear, Visual means
to see, and means helping. The Audio Visual aids are those tools which are used in
teaching and learning process to encourage students and make their learning earlier
and interesting.
1.2 Objectives of the study
Following are my objectives of the study
1. To analyses the effectiveness of the AV aids at primary level.
2. To improve the students involvement interest through AV aids
1.3 Statement of the problem
During teaching practices in school, I observed that in primary level students and
teachers are not use AV aids, they are follow the traditional teaching method. Only
perspective teachers are used AV aids during lesson delivering. School teachers are
uses black board, chalks, and text books. I also observed that teachers are explain the
topic but don’t use any activity in learning. So I decided to make learning effective
and easy and the use of AV aids and find out the lack of facilities. I delivered lesson
plans there I used AV aids and develop the students learning skills through AV aids to
make learning effective.
1.4 Research Question
Q1: What is the role of Audio Visual aids in the process of teaching at primary grade?
Q2: Does AV aids make learning process effective?
Q3: What are the ways to improve the student learning through the use of AV aids?

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1.5 Significance of the study
The significance of this study is to analyze that we can get enough knowledge about
the standard of AV aids materials being used in school and the role of these materials
is play effective role in teaching or not. The analysis gives us the idea whether these
materials are up to date or not. Whether students gets benefits from this materials or
not and how this materials can be used to improve these process of learning objective
of the study one to give knowledge about AV aids to find the lack of facilities.
Although, the use of audio-visual aids in teaching has become a common in many
schools especially in private schools, but many of them might not be well aware of the
effectiveness of these. However this research will give an insight to the teachers of
using audio-visual aids in facilitating learning skills of the learners. It is expected that
the findings of the study will help the teacher to know better about the using of
Audio-Visual aids in the classroom.
1.6 Delimitation of the study
This research work and data analyst was conducted at Government PC School Urdu
attached with Government Elementary College of Education (W) Hyderabad. Lack of
time and resources have collected actions only for the fulfilling of degree B.ed (hons).
2. REVIEW OF THE LITERATURE
AV- aids are those instructional devices which are used in the classroom to encourage
learning and make it easier and motivating. The use audio-visual aids in teaching has
been promulgated in a number of studies (De Sousa, Richter, & Nell, 2017) as useful
tools to convey complicated concepts and ideas in an interesting and interactive
manner as well as to facilitate procedural demonstration. Shah & Khan (2015)
highlighted that animation and information presented on screen provided a different
learning experience from printed text which was beneficial to development of critical
thinking. Students reflected that they were more engaged in such learning mode.
Malik & Agarwal (2012) recognized multimedia as a constructivist learning realm,
permitting students to explore and engage in their learning. Also, studies on
application of multimedia and audio-visual aids on teaching seemed to garner more
attention than those on teaching of science (Khan, Shah, &Farid, 2016) Teachers
frequently faced challenges such as inadequate resources and lack of internet while
attempting to incorporate Audio-Visual aids in teaching. The Audio-Visual aids are

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beneficial to learning due to the audio-visual processing channels of human mind
which register pictures, words, and sounds in the sensory memory. This is elicited via
the cognitive model of multimedia learning proposed by Mayer (2001).Based on the
model, pictures and texts entering the eyes and ears are held in the visual and auditory
modalities of the short-term memory. The cognitive model culminates at integration
which brings the verbal and pictorial models together with prior knowledge in the
long-term memory, as learning consolidates. Visual aids are those instructional
devices which are used in the classroom to encourage learning and make it easier and
motivating. The materials like models, charts, film strips, projectors, radio, television,
maps etc called instructional aids (Rather, 2004).Visual aids are effective tools that
invest the past with an air of actuality. Visual aids distribute the learners with true
knowledge, with detention their devotion and help in the understanding of the ancient
marvels. They demand to the mind through the visual auditory senses. When we use
visual aids as teaching aids, it is one of the aspects which root participation of
students in the lesson because when students look at visual model or aid, it is
measured as a kind of contribution. There is a famous Chinese proverb one sighted is
worth, a hundred words. It is fact that we see we remember, and if do something we
know it’s it means that use of AV aids make teaching learning process more effective.
Using AV aids in teaching is one of the best ways to enhance lesson plans and gives
students additional ways to process subject information (Kunari, 2006).The great
educationist as well said: The foundation of all learning consists in representing
clearly to the senses and sensible objects so they can be appreciated easily.
TYPES OF AUDIO VISUAL AIDS
Audio aids Projected and non
projected visual aids
Audio Visual aids
-Cassette/Record
player,Taperecor
der radio
-Language
laboratory.
a.Headphone.b.m
icrophone.
A-Projector
aids: over head
projector,
Slides,Film
computer/internet
Videos,television,
movies

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3. Research Methodology
The methodology is a systematic theoretical analysis of the methods applied to the
field of the study. Research methodology is the specific procedure or techniques used
to identify, select, process and analyze information about a topic. The research
methodology section allows the reader to critically evaluate a Qualitative study. This
study is supposed to be carried out in the premises of the PC School (Urdu) attached
with Government Elementary College of Education (W) Hyderabad
3.1 Research Approach
Research approach is a plan and process consisting of the steps of specific
assumptions to detailed method of data collection, analysis and interpretation. It is
therefore, based on the nature of the research problem posed by the analysis. I used
deductive research approach.
3.2 ResearchDesignof the present study well define in a Actions in a
Research Cycle
3.3 Data Collection
I have collected data through checklist from teacher in PC School Urdu. School has its
particularities regarding the student’s characteristics as well as the teachers. This
study was conducted over a period of four months. The collection methods for this
research study include formal interview, the question may be presented to the
respondent in a face to face.
concernletter
pre observation
(checklist)
deliveredlessson
postobservation
(checklist)
interviewof
teacher

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3.4 Instrument /Tools Used In Research
These following instrument/tools was developed and used for this research study:
Interview (Thematic analysis) questionnaire was at used in action 2 I also used pre
and post observation checklist.
3.5 Research Framework:
Action Research describe the process that a researcher undergoes of controlling
certain checklist and manipulating others to observe if the results of experiment
reflect that the manipulation directly the particular outcomes.
3.6 Target Population of the Study:
The students of grade 3rd were 13 students population of this research study is all
students of class 3rd in PC School Urdu attached with G.E.C.E (W) Hyderabad.
3.7 Sampling method of the Study:
I choose the purposive and convenience type of non-probability method for my
action research study.
3.8 Sample Size
My study is limited to the class 3rd I used AV aids to develop the learning skills of all
students of class 3rdand teachers (who are teach in grade 3rd) because all students
are not taken interest in learning at Government Primary School Attached with GECE
(w) Hyderabad.
4.data collection
4.1 Action 1: Report on Reconnaissance Collecting and Managing
Data Analysis of Cycle:
At first I go to PC Primary School to meet with Head Mistress to show my research
letter and take permission for classroom observation. This report is co related with
the session of action research reflection which is applied by the researcher for the
action research criteria on the date of 23-10-2020.It is concerned with the PC (Urdu)
School attached with GECE(W) Hyderabad. It is the first step of Action Research in
which firstly I plan a meeting with the H.M I shared my research objectives and
significant point of view of my topic.

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4.2 Action 2: Interview of Teacher(Thematic analysis)
The research prepared with the open ended to the question and 26.10.2020 I went
to the classroom and introduce my self to class teacher. I discussed about my
research to class teacher and then I conducted an interview to know the teacher
opinion about the use of AV aids tool. To find out the lack of resources and to
develop the interest towards the learning I decided to make lesson plans and deliver
the lessons in front of students.
FREQUENCY RESPONCES ON TEACHER INTERVIEW
THEMES CODES FREQUENCY
Resources R 5
Interest I 2
Learning L 3
4.2.1 DISCUSSION ON THEMES
Data analyzed that through Teacher interview responses the resources mostly 50%
of resources which have no used in classroom where the teacher for the interest
20%of students develop new strategies during classroom for the interest of students
that’s why the leaning is just 30% of the students.
50%
20%
30%
FREQUENCY
Resources R Interest I learning L

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4.3 Action 3: Pre Observation (Checklist):
I observed that teacher did not use any AV aids tools for teaching, mostly teachers
used traditional methods such as text books, board. I observed that only perspective
teachers who are come in school for their teaching practice they are using AV aids
like charts, flashcards, videos etc.
4.3.1 Findings of Pre-checklist
When I was in classroom through checklist I observed that teacher didn’t use any real
model in daily basis she just uses in some times. Students feel bored they didn’t taken
interest in learning that’s why I decided that I will make lesson plan with different AV
aids.
The figure shown that is 80% the teacher response in yes is 40% some times is 30%
and no is 20%
4.4 Action 4: Delivered Lesson Plans using AV aids
I went to the sschool Where I meet with teacher and show my lesson plan with AV
aids which I going to delivered, Then I start to delivered lesson, at first I show some
picture related to the topic and ask some questions students give me answer but not
correctly after that I start to explain the topic and play a video about the topic students
show interest and watch the video very interestingly. I observed that students show
interest and give me a good response and the understand topic in a good way. AV aids
0 1 2 3 4
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
No
Some Times
Yes

13. THE USE OF AVAIDS TOOLS FORTHE DEVELOPMENT OF STUDENTSLEARNING SKILLS AT PRIMARY LEVEL
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helps to develop student learning skills. AV aids are the best tool for making teaching.
The study was descriptive research in nature students take interest when I use AV aids
4.5 Action 5: Post Observation(checklist)
STATEMENTS YES SOME
TIMES
NO
Teacher use real object in classroom 
Teacher use Audio Visual aids in lesson plans 
Teacher use text book 
Teacher use different activities during delivered
lesson

Students take interest in learning 
When teacher ask some question about the topic
students give correct answers

Teacher use different models in according subject 
Teacher use white board 
2.11.2020 When I was at classroom through post observation I observed that students
are taking interest and enjoy the learning and when I ask the question about the topic
students give me correct answers. and I observed that teacher was using real model in
daily basis she just used according to needs. Students developed interest in classroom.
This figure shown that total students are 100% developed interest during classroom.
5.Discussion and Conclusion
The main purpose of this research was to find out how the use of audio-visual aids
facilitates teaching and learning. After the data analyses it has been found that both
the teachers and the student shoe favorable attitude toward the use of audio-visual
aids agreeing that they facilitate teaching and learning in divers ways. Both parties are
benefited by the use of audio-visual materials. By using audio visual aids in the
classroom. Different visual bring variation in the classroom teaching which are
helpful to draw the attention of the students toward the lesson. For example, if the
teachers use different pictures related to the lesson of the class, the classes become
lively as well as learners get some schemata of the topic. It is always better to have
something visuals in front of the student so that they can understand the lesson well.
As suggested by Gardner’s (1983) multiple intelligence, all the learners do not learn
in the same way. Some learn better by watching, some learn better by listening and so
on. Therefore, having something visual on the lesson are always helpful for the

14. THE USE OF AVAIDS TOOLS FORTHE DEVELOPMENT OF STUDENTSLEARNING SKILLS AT PRIMARY LEVEL
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learners. Harmer (2001) also stated that use of pictures in the class makes the lesson
appealing. He mentioned the recent textbooks and the design of the newspaper which
are intentionally designed in ways for grabbing readers’ interest. Also, it enhance the
text giving readers a view of the outside world. Moreover, different related pictures
and videos provided the learners opportunities to be engaged more with the lessons.
They can predict the topic of the lesson by having some related visuals beforehand.
Also, teachers can ask questions about the visuals to elicit ideas from the learners
about the text. This creates an opportunity for a good class discussion which is very
important for learning.
In the study I worked according on grade 3rd using AV aids on students learning
skills. The result of the study also indicates that the audio visual aids motivates the
learners and help them to lower their anxiety level. These make the classroom more
interactive and live as it brings the real world in the classroom. Also it has been found
that teachers can design different activity based on the audio visual materials. They
can design some pre-task questions like inferring, guessing, naming the lesson.
However, the teachers need to be careful in selecting Audio Visual material for
teaching speaking and listening. The listening tracks should be comprehensible and
appropriate for the learners.
All the findings from the data collection support that Audio-Visual aids facilitate
learning. Both the teachers and learners are benefited from different audio-visuals
materials in classroom. Audio-Visual aids make the teaching and learning effective
making the class interactive and interesting, motivating the learners, facilitating and
developing the skills and so many. If teachers can utilize the audio visual aids
prudently, the teaching and learning become effective.
5.1 Recommendation
 Primary school teachers should know about the AV aids and how to use it in
correct way..
 Teachers should apply and use the Audio visual aids in their classrooms.
 Teacher should developed the learning skills of students through Av aids.

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 Teacher should be motivate and encourage the students during learning.
 School’s should give all the facilities and provide AV aids material to the
teachers so teachers can easily use it and make the learning effective and
interesting.

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6. References
Malik and Agarwal (2012), http://ijiet.org
Use of multimedia , www.researchgate.net
Shah and Khan (2015) Impact of multimedia , http://www.researchgate.net
De Sousa,RichterandNell (2017) The effectof Multimediause onthe teaching and learning
, http://www.doi.
A..Alhadi (2018) , http://www.iiste.orghttp://www.iiste.org/journals www.repo.uofg.edu.sd
Mayer R.E.(2001,2002) Cognitive Theory and design of Multimedia instructions
http://doi.org/10.1002/tl.47
Rather A.R (2004); Essential Instructional Technology Published by Darya Gaj New Delhi
Kunari (2006)C, method of teaching educational technology, New Delhi
Saleem, A Role of AV aids in students learning at http://www.doi.org level
, http://www.academia.edu/38795874
The usefulness of AV aids in EFL classroom implications for effective ,
http://www.il.rgstatic.net/publication/314400656
Importance of audio visual aids , http://www.lisbdnet.com

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Appendix A
Consent letter

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Appendix B
Interview Question For Teachers
Of PC (U/S) attached with GECE w Hyderabad
General Information Questionnaire
Dear Teacher, I am a Prospective Teacher of G.E.C.E (W) Hyderabad
, for the purpose of my study and presently conducting research on “The Influence Of
Teacher Attitude On Student Achievement At Grade Six, Elementary School
”, I request you to spare of your valuable time providing the details indicating in the
interview questionnaire given below. I assure you that the data generated shall be kept
confidential and utilized only for research purpose.
Please place a check by the most appropriate response.
Name (Optional) ______________________________________________________
Email Address (Optional) ________________________________________________
Phone Number(Optional) ________________________________________________
School Name: _______________________________________________________
Qualification: ______________________________ Teaching Experience__________
Please place a check by the most appropriate response.
Q1.What do you know about audio visual aids?
Q2. do you use audio visual aids in your classroom? If yes what are those?
Q3.Why you don’t use more AV aids like videos models audio aids
Q4. how do you relate the audio visual material with the lesson?
Q5. do you face any challenges while using audio visual aids?
Q6. how do you overcome those problems?
Q7.when you use Av aids student take interest towards the learning or not?
Q8. Any suggestion do you give to improve the use of av aids to develop the learning
skill

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S.
No
Transcription of teacher interview themes coding
R1 audiovisual aidsare meansof whichlearningprocessmay
encourage or carriedonthrough the sense of hearningorsense
of sightandmake learningexperiences
Resources R
R2 Yes sometimesIuse audiovisual aidsinmyclassroomlike
charge booksflashcards
Resources R
R3 We don’thave these facilitiesandthese aidsinourschool lack
of facilitiesthat'swhywe don'tuse these ads
learning
recourses
L
R
R4 Accordingto the lessonrequirementIrelate the audiovisual
material whichwe are have inschool we used
Resources R
R5 MostlyI face the lackof material andusingaudiovisual aidsI
justface thatstudentsare disturbingthe classwhole classtalk
more than otherwise whileusingaudiovisual aidsthere isno
such bigchallenges
learning
recourses
interest
L
R
I
R6 I control the class and engage inanwhichAv aidsare available
we use it and explainthe topicandtryto overcome the
problems
Resources R
R7 Yes studentsare takinginterestinlearningwhenusingAvAids
give thisgoodresponses
interest
recourses
learning
I
R
L
R8 I suggestthatschool have all the facilitieswhichall the private
schoolshave life computerlaptopmultimediareaders
recordersandall the audiovisual material whichare important
inlearningwe shouldhave sowe can easilyuse all of these
accordingto our lessonanddevelopthe learningskillsand
make the learninginterestingandeasyforchildren
recourses R

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Action3: Pre Observation(Checklist):
S.no Statement
Yes
3
Some
Times
2
No
1
1 Use real objective in lesson plan  
2 Use AV aids in lesson plan  
3 Use of text books 
4 Teachers uses different activity 
5 Students take interest in learning 
6 Teacher use black board chalks 
7 Use different model in subject 

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Time Span
S.no Date Action Place
Data collection
tool
Reflection
1 23.10.2020
Reconnaissance
Interview of teacher
Primary PC Urdu school
Attached with GECE(W)
Hyderabad
Interview
Questionnaire
tool
First I meet with head mistress(miss suraiya) i told my
research topic and take permission.the I went to the
class3rd
and take the interviewof the teacher and some
questions.
2
26.10.2020
28.10.2020
Pre- observation
Delivered lesson
plans
Primary PC Urdu school
Attached with GECE (W)
Hyderabad
Checklist
I usedpre observation checklisttoobserve the weakness
and lack of facilities
I developed the lesson plans according to my topic and
use differentAvaidsinmylessonlikevideos to develop
the learning skills
3 02.11.2020 Post- observation
Primary PC Urdu school
Attached with GECE (W)
Hyderabad
Checklist
After delivered lesson plans I observed that students
showinteresttowardslearningandwhenIask questions
about the topic which I taught they give me good
response.