Johann Friedrich Herbart was a German philosopher and educational reformer born in 1776. He believed that education involves transmitting knowledge from one generation to the next through a process where new ideas become associated with existing ideas in the student's mind. He developed a theory of instruction that emphasized preparing students to receive new information by relating it to their prior knowledge and experiences. Herbart is considered the founder of scientific pedagogy.

1. JOHANN FRIEDRICH HERBART was born
in 1776 in oldenburg,North Germany.

2. • Education is the method by which a society gets from
one generation to the next.
• Interest develops when already strong and vivid
ideas are hospitable towards new ones, thus past
occasions motivate apperception of current ones.
• He believed that new ideas, when properly
presented to the students become linked to existing
ideas and form a system of associated ideas.
• He is also known as father of scientific pedagogy.

4.  Did the student teacher prepare pupils to receive new
knowledge?
 Did the student teacher arose the previous knowledge of
the pupils?
 Did the student teacher introduce the topic briefly?
 Did the student teacher stimulate the curiosity of the
pupils?
 Did the student teacher correlate the introduction with the
lesson?

5.  Did the student teacher make the statement of the aim?
 Did the student teacher make the statement of the aim in
brief?
 Did the student teacher state the statement of the aim
clearly?
 Did the student teacher write the title on the black-board?

6.  Did the student teacher use explanation/illustrations wherever necessary?
 Did the student teacher use appropriate vocabulary?
 Did the student teacher ask questions?
 Did the teacher get appropriate response from pupils?
 Did the student teacher make use of reinforcement?
 Did the student teacher take pupils’ verbal/nonverbal participation?
 Did the student teacher do the skillful arrangement /organization of material?
 Did the student teacher use content and logic properly?
 Did the student teacher make interlinking statements?
 Did the student teacher associate new facts with old knowledge(compare and contrast)?
 Did the student teacher make motivate the pupils for comparison and observation?
 Did the student teacher lead the pupils to certain principles /conclusions /rules/ generalization?
 Did the student teacher help pupils to complete and correct the generalization?
 Did the student teacher provide opportunity for reflection on the new facts that have been collected?

7.  Did the student teacher remove writing from the
blackboard before asking recapitulation question?
 Did the student teacher evaluate the pupils’ performance?
 Did the student teacher have revision of knowledge learnt
in the lesson?
 Did the student teacher make use of BB for writing
summary and other purposes?

8.  Did the student teacher test the pupils orally or using test?
 Did the student teacher ask the pupils to apply knowledge
to practical work/aids/activity/experiment etc?
 Did the student teacher ask for constructive and creative
exercises?
 Did the student teacher give home assignment?

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11. R WALKING TO THE
SCHOOL

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